Taxonomic revision of the genus Rhopalapion Schilsky, 1906 (Coleoptera Apionidae) with description of Rhopalapion celatum n. sp. from the Turanian Region
Author
Giusto, Carlo
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-01-13
4908
1
41
65
journal article
8854
10.11646/zootaxa.4908.1.3
096da033-b9e6-44f4-bb12-ed313d39dd9a
1175-5326
4435730
BD721A64-3864-4140-B71F-3AB88B6126E1
Rhopalapion celatum
Giusto
n. sp.
(
Figs. 8–9
,
12
,
21–24
,
30–34
,
38–40
,
45–48
,
54–58
)
http://zoobank.org/
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
775066B0-A7C9-443B-83A7-B161E061040E
Type
locality.
Pâsârgâd
: vicinity tomb of
Cyrus
(
Fars Province
,
Iran
)
.
Diagnosis.
A
Rhopalapion
species differing from
R. longirostre
in the following combination of characters: male protibiae unarmed; rostrum, in both sexes, on average, stouter (Lr/Wmsr: ♁ 3.38–4.72 [4.00],
♀
4.70–10.72 [9.00]); mesorostral dilatation, in dorsal view rounded, just perceptible; prorostrum with straight sides slightly narrowing from mesorostral dilatation to apex (♁) or almost perfectly cylindrical (
♀
); prothorax, on average, just transverse (Lp/Wp: ♁ 0.89–1.00 [0.95],
♀
0.86–1.00 [0.96]); disc fairly strongly and densely punctate with punctures round, never confluent to
form striolae
, interspaces shiny; elytra, in dorsal view, elongate in outline, with weakly rounded sides, almost sub-parallel; male meso- and metatibiae with well developed, blunt and oblique apical mucro; different shape of genitalia, in particular, tegmen with longer apical membranous lobes, subrectangular, not folded at base, separated by a deep median notch; suprafenestral sclerites with 2–6 long outer setae and 1 shorter inner seta (occasionally 0).
FIGURES 49–58.
Sternite VIII, gonocoxites in ventral and lateral view, styli and spermatheca. 49–53:
Rhopalapion longirostre
, from Turkey: Istanbul.—54–58:
Rhopalapion celatum
n. sp.
, paratype, from Iran: vic. tomb of Cyrus.
Type material.
Holotype
(♁):
IRAN
—
Fars Province
: S-Iran: Prov.
Fars
Pasargad
/ vic. tomb of
Cyrus
30°11’42”N
/
53°10’06”E
1,870 m
27.IV. / 2010
leg.
A. Skale
(31) (MNHN—registration number 1676)
.
Paratypes
(126 ♁♁,
93 ♀♀
):
ARMENIA
—
Erevan Province
:
Caucasus
/
Erivan
/
Horvath
1893 (1 ♁
ZMHN
)
;
Erivan
/ 1.VI.76 // D.
Ganglb.
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
ZMHN
)
;—
Vayots Dzor Province
: ARMENIA –
Vayot Dzor
reg. /
Noravank
– m 1461 / 39.40.93 N 45.11.11 E /
23.VI.2005
– E.
Colonnelli
(
1 ♀
CG
)
.
AZERBAIJAN
—
Lankaran District
:
38°42’N
/
48°24’E
/
Talysh Mts
/
NE Gosmalyan
/
16 VI 2012
/ leg.
R. Królik
1340 m
(1 ♁
MW
)
.
IRAN
—
Alborz Province
:
Iraq
[error]: /
Keredj
// B.M. 1948–496. //
Bred
at
Kew
from / seeds of
Althaea
sp. (5 ♁♁,
3 ♀♀
BMNH
; 2 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
MNHN
);
Iran.
Alborz
,
Taleghan
,
Sad
/ N: 27°11’45.4” / E: 50°38’2.5” / H:
1715m
/
10th May 2015
/ leg.
E. Sanaei St
1 (
1 ♀
ES
)
;—
Fars Province
: S-Iran:
Prov.
Fars
Pasargad
/ vic. tomb of
Cyrus
30°11’42”N
/
53°10’06”E
1,870 m
27.IV. / 2010
leg.
A. Skale
(31) (2 ♁♁,
1 ♀
AS
; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
BMNH; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
CG
;
1 ♀
MNHN
); IRAN mer. /
FARS
/
Kuhhâ-ye Zâgros Mts.
/
Michael Kođťál
leg. //
Shiraz
/
1,850 m
/
N29°40.9’ E52°25.9’
/
5.v.2008
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
MK
)
;
IRAN mer. /
FARS
/
Kuhhâ-ye Zâgros Mts.
/
Michael Kođťál
leg. //
Shul
pr.
Shiraz
/
2100 m
/
N29°58.6’ E
52°10.7’ /
15.v.2013
//
Althaea
sp. (3 ♁♁,
3 ♀♀
CG
; 14 ♁♁,
6 ♀♀
MK
); S-Iran:
Prov.
Fars
vic. /
Qualat village
29°48’13”N
/
52°19’11”E
2,000
–2,150
m
/
28.IV.2010
leg.
A. Skale
(33) (1 ♁
AS
; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
CG
);—
Lorestan Province
: IRAN:
Lorestan
/
15 km
SW Dorud
/
8.V.2008
G. Sama
(1 ♁
CG
)
;
Ghale-Mo / nar // coll.
Escalera
/
Perse
, 1899 //
Museum Paris
/ ex
Coll.
/ R.
Oberthur
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
MNHN
)
;—
Markazi Province
: IRAN occ. /
MARKAZI
/
Kuhhâ-ye Zâgros Mts.
/
Michael Kođťál
leg. //
Arak
/
1,900 m
/
N34°03.2’ E49°42.9
’ /
1.v.2006
(1 ♁
MK
)
;—
Razavi Khorasan Province
:
Khorasan
/
Kűh-e-Sorkh
(
West
) /
40km
N Bardeskan
(
Pass
) / 28.5.200 8
1,800
–1,900
m
/ leg.
Mühle
(8 ♁♁,
10 ♀♀
CGE
)
[teste
C. Germann
];—
Tehran Province
:
Teheran
/ 5.XI.74 /
Kerim
//
Ex. Musaeo
/
Desbrochers
, 1914 /
Museum Paris
(1 ♁
MNHN
; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
MSNG
); N-Iran: Prov.
Tehran
Karaj / university of agriculture /
35°47’97”N 51°00’25”E
1,360 m
/
30.IV.2010
leg.
A. Skale
(37) (1 ♁
AS
)
;
PERSIA /
Tehran
/
vi. 1936
/
A.C. Trott
/ damaging / hollyhocks, N° 7 //
Pres.
by /
Imp. Inst. Ent.
/ B.M. 1936–514 (5 ♁♁,
1 ♀
BMNH
)
;—
West Azerbaijan Province
:
Iran
/
Azerbaidjan
/
M. Descamps
rec. //
Rezaiyeh
/ 23
24 – IV – 1964
//
Museum Paris
/ 1968 /
Col. A. Hoffmann
(1 ♁
MNHN
)
.
IRAQ
—
Kurdistan
: IQ-Kurd.:
Sulaimaniyah
,
Pira Magrun
c.
900 m
/ c.
20 km
N Sulaimamiyah
/
25.iv.2014
M.I.
Russell
(4 ♁♁,
3 ♀♀
MR
; 2 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
CG
)
.
KAZAKHSTAN
—
Jambyl Region
:
Syr Darja Gebt.
16 /
Tal Talass Výl.
/
Fischer
u.
Willberg
(1 ♁
MW
)
;—
Turkistan Region
:
Baydibek Distr.
:
West Tien-Shan
/
Karatu Mts.
/
Bajzhansaj
/
26–27.V.1990
/ V.
Karasjov
(1 ♁
CG
;
1 ♀
MW
)
.
KYRGYZSTAN
—
Chuy Region
:
Kyrgyzstan
:
Chüy
r
. /
42°41’N
/
75°53’E
1350 m
/ ca
50 km
E of Tokmok
/ 13.06.200 3 /
Roman Królik
leg. (2 ♁♁,
1 ♀
CG
; 6 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
MW
);
Kyrgyzstan
/
42°41’N
/
75°53’E
/ ca
50 km
E of Tokmok
/ (prov.
Chüy
) / 13.06.200 3 /
Roland Dobosz
leg. (1 ♁
MW
)
;—
Sughd Region
:
Kirgizia
mer. occ. /
Turkestan Mts.
/ M.
Košťál
lgt. //
Vorukh
p.
Isfara
5 km
E / m 1,700 /
10.vi.1987
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
MK
)
.
SYRIA
—
Hama
Governatorate
:
Syria
occ. /
Jabal
an
Nuşayrîyah Mts.
/
Michael Kođťál
leg. //
Maşyâf
env. /
400 m
/
N35°06.6’ E36°25.8’
/
15.iv.2009
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
MK
)
.
TURKEY
—
Black Sea
:
Amasya
24–26.5. / 420/
900 m
// 1970
Türkei
/ W.
Wittmer
(1 ♁
MW
)
;
Turquie d’Asie
/
Amasia
[=
Amasya
] (7 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
MNHN
)
;
Turkey
:
Gümüşhane
: / W of
Kelkit
:
5 km
to /
Şiran
14.VI.2009
/
F. Angelini
leg. (1 ♁,
1 ♀
AS
; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
BMNH; 8 ♁♁,
12 ♀♀
CG; 2 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
CMNC; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
FS; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
MK; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
MNHN; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
MR; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
MSNG; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
MW; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
RCA; 1 ♁,
1 ♀
ZMHB
); TR (
Bayburt
) – m 1,675 / =
5 km
NE of Örence
/ 40.09.18 N 40.24.44 E /
7.VI.2003
E. Colonnelli
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
EC
)
;—
Central Anatolia
:
Althea
/
Turquie
/
Felahieh
(
Kayseri
) /
22-VI-1966
/ G.
Remaudiere
(4 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
MNHN
)
;
TR – road 260 /
73 km
E
Kayseri
/
11.VI.2007
Tronci
(
1 ♀
EC
)
;
Turchia
/
Göreme
/
19-VII-1988
/
F. Sacco
leg. (2 ♁♁,
3 ♀♀
FS
)
;
Turkey
38°37’N
/
34°52’E
/
Ortahisar
/ nr.
Göreme
/ prov.
Nevşehir
/ 17–
19.06.2000
/
Roland Dobosz
leg. (2 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
MW
)
;
TR (
Yozgat
) – m 1,520 / ~
7 km
NNW of
Yozgat
/
39°49’48”N
34°44’63”E /
12.VII.2007
–
E. Colonnelli
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
CG
);
Turchia
/
Yozgat
/
9-VII-1975
/
F. Sacco
legit (1 ♁,
2 ♀♀
FS
);
Turchia
Yozgat
E25 /
62 km
E
Kirikkale
/ m 750
9-VII-1975
/
F. Sacco
legit (2 ♁♁,
1 ♀
CG
);—
Eastern Anatolia Region
:
Turcia
(
Erzincan
) / ad
Refahiye
/
1,300 m
18.VI.1994
/ leg.
A. Warchalowski
(
1 ♀
MW
); TR (
Erzincan
) – m 1,900 /
15 km
W Aşkale
/ 39.50.22N 40.34.25E /
6.VI.2002
–
E. Colonnelli
(2 ♁♁
CG
); TR (
Erzincan
) – m 1,450, near Pelitli /
39°35’07” N
39°56’67” E /
10.VII.2007
–
E. Colonnelli
(1 ♁,
1 ♀
EC
)
;
TR (
Erzincan
) –
Alpköy
/
15 km
N Keman
– m 1,150 / 39.37.32N 39.10.40E /
12.V.2000
– E.
Colonnelli
(1 ♁
EC
)
;
Turkey
(prov.
Tunceli
) /
39°11’N
/
39°29’E
/
10 km
NW of
Tunceli
/ 18.06.200 2 /
Roland Dobosz
leg. (
1 ♀
MW
)
;
Turkey
(prov.
Malatya
) /
38°12’N
/
37°55’E
/
12 km
NE of Doganşehir
/ 01.06.200 2 /
Roland Dobosz
leg. (1 ♁
MW
)
;—
Mediterranean Region
:
S Turkey
16.5.199 0 / vil.
Antakia
:
1,000 m
/
Amanus Mts.
/ lg.
A. Warchalowski
(2 ♁♁,
1 ♀
CG
; 2 ♁♁,
2 ♀♀
MW
); Turcia (
Hatay
) /
Amanus Mts.
1,000 m
/ ad Belen 15.5.199 3 / leg.
A. Warchalowski
(1 ♁
MW
)
;—
Southeastern Anatolia Region
:
Turkey
(prov.
Mardin
) /
37°21’N
/
40°51’E
1115 m
/
Hop Geçidi
/
8 km
NE of
Mardin
/ 04–
05.06.2002
/
Roland Dobosz
leg. (1 ♁,
1 ♀
MW
)
.
UZBEKISTAN
—
Samarkand Region
:
Uzbekistan
:
Serawshan
/
Aman-Kutan
2,000 m
/ 1.06.199 6
S. Bajdak
leg. (1 ♁
CG
).
Etymology.
The name—from the Latin adjective “celatus”, hidden—refers to the discovery of this species found “hidden” in many collections under the name
Rhopalapion longirostre
(
Olivier, 1807
)
.
Description (Ƌ
♀
).
Lb: ♁
2.54–3.65 mm
(
3.41 mm
) [
3.03 mm
],
♀
2.66–3.87 mm
[
3.07 mm
]. Body integument black; apical tibial mucrones, coxae and trochanters dark brown to piceous. Body scales narrowly triangular with truncate apex (
Fig. 12
); only scales on rostrum, forehead, antennae, median areas of metaventrite, ventrite 1 and ventrite 5 and on protibiae more or less piliform with more or less pointed apex.
FIGURE 59.
Box-plots showing differences among female populations of
Rhopalapion longirostre
in selected ratios. pop. 1: “typical”
form from
Istanbul, host plant:
Alcea rosea
; pop. 2: all remaining populations belonging to the “typical” form, host plant:
Alcea rosea
; pop. 3: Israel (excluding Jordan Valley), host plant:
Alcea setosa
; pop. 4: Israel (Jordan Valley), host plant:
Alcea dissecta
; pop. 5: Afghanistan: Goudgé Konte, host plant: unknown.
Male rostrum as in
Figs. 21–22
; in dorsal view, mesorostral dilatation rounded, sometimes just perceptible; prorostrum with straight sides slightly narrowing from mesorostral dilatation forward; in profile, rostrum distinctly and regularly curved; Lr:
0.78–1.20 mm
(
1.13 mm
) [
0.95 mm
]; Lpr:
0.54–0.83 mm
(
0.76 mm
) [
0.65 mm
]; Lmtr:
0.21–0.39 mm
(
0.38 mm
) [
0.31 mm
]; Wmsr:
0.20–0.29 mm
(
0.25 mm
) [
0.24 mm
]; Lr/Wmsr: 3.38–4.72 (4.52) [4.00]; Lr/Lp: 1.22–1.51 (1.41) [1.32]; Lb/Lr: 2.86–3.45 (3.02) [3.18]. Female rostrum as in
Figs. 23–24
; in dorsal view, prorostrum with parallel sides, not widened apically; Lr:
1.41–2.32 mm
[
1.84 mm
]; Lpr:
1.05–1.78 mm
[
1.37 mm
]; Lmtr:
0.36–0.60 mm
[
0.47 mm
]; Wmsr:
0.18–0.25 mm
[
0.20 mm
]; Lr/Wmsr: 4.70–10.72 [9.00]; Lr/Lp: 2.04– 2.80 [2.44]; Lb/Lr: 1.46–2.05 [1.69]. Forehead strongly, densely punctate; punctures round,
22–27 µm
in diameter, separated by less than one third of their diameter, never confluent to
form striolae
; interspaces shiny. Antennae (
Figs. 30–31
) inserted at basal 0.26–0.34 (0.34) [0.31] (♁) or 0.22–0.28 (0.25) (
♀
) of rostrum; La: ♁
0.85–1.22 mm
(
1.17 mm
) [
1.02 mm
],
♀
1.06–1.47 mm
[
1.25 mm
]; Lc: ♁
0.31–0.47 mm
(
0.42 mm
) [
0.37 mm
],
♀
0.30–0.46 mm
[
0.38 mm
]; La/Lpr: ♁ 1.33–1.75 (1.54) [1.56],
♀
0.77–1.07 [0.90]; La/Lc: ♁ 2.51–3.03 (2.79) [2.77],
♀
2.79–3.73 [3.22].
Prothorax (
Figs. 8–9
) just transverse, very rarely isodiametric, widest at middle; disc fairly strongly, densely punctate; punctures round,
20–27 µm
in diameter, separated by less than one third of their diameter, never confluent to
form striolae
, interspaces shiny; Lp: ♁
0.60–0.88 mm
(
0.80 mm
) [
0.72 mm
],
♀
0.62–0.94 mm
[
0.75 mm
]; Wp: ♁
0.63–0.91 mm
(
0.85 mm
) [
0.76 mm
],
♀
0.66–0.95 mm
[
0.77 mm
]; Lp/Wp: ♁ 0.89–1.00 (0.94) [0.95],
♀
0.86–1.00 [0.96]. Scutellum subquadrate to slightly longer than wide; microreticulate, but rather bright. Elytra (
Figs. 8–9
), in dorsal view, with weakly rounded sides, almost sub-parallel, weakly widening backwards; on elytral disc, intervals 3.5–4.0 times as wide as striae; Le: ♁
1.80–2.62 mm
(
2.39 mm
) [
2.12 mm
],
♀
1.90–2.77 mm
[
2.17 mm
]; We: ♁
0.97–1.49 mm
(
1.33 mm
) [
1.16 mm
],
♀
1.01–1.50 mm
[
1.17 mm
]; Le/We: ♁ 1.71–2.01 (1.80) [1.84],
♀
1.77–2.05 [1.86]. Legs with femora robust, rather swollen, 2.55–2.77 (♁), 3.04–3.07 (
♀
) times as long as wide; male protibiae (
Fig. 32
) unarmed; male meso- and metatibiae (
Figs. 33–34
) with well developed, blunt, oblique apical mucro; tarsi moderately elongate; 1
st
segment 1.75–2.13 times as long as wide; 2
nd
1.10–1.40 times as long as wide, 0.75–0.82 times as long as 1
st
; 3
rd
0.92–1.08 times as long as wide, with lobes well-developed, 0.92–1.18 times as long as 2
nd
; onychium 1.50–1.81 times as long as 2nd segment.
FIGURES 60–63.
Habitat and host plant of
Rhopalapion celatum
n. sp.
60: Iran: Shul pr. Shiraz.—61–63:
Alcea
sp
. (Photos M. Košťál).
Male sternite IX as in
Fig. 38
. Tegmen (
Figs. 39–40
) with apical membranous lobes long, subrectangular, not folded at base, separated by deep median notch; suprafenestral sclerites with 2–6 long outer setae (usually 5) and 1 shorter inner seta (occasionally 0). Penis (
Figs. 45–48
), in ventral view, symmetrical, with parallel sides from base to ostium then quite sharply constricted to apex. Female genitalia as in
Figs. 54–58
.
Remarks.
Except for some cases, the specimens examined come from separate populations represented by a few, or sometimes, single specimens. Understandably, therefore, such a fragmented sample does not allow significant conclusions to be drawn about inter- and intrapopulational variability of this species. Despite this, it is possible to observe that southernmost populations, in particular those from
Iran
, have larger body and vestiture composed of lighter and denser scales. Elytra, in dorsal view, are parallel in western populations and slightly rounded in the remaining ones.
Distribution.
Palaearctic Region:
Syria
,
Turkey
,
Armenia
,
Azerbaijan
,
Iraq
,
Iran
,
Uzbekistan
,
Kazakhstan
,
Kyrgyzstan
(
Fig. 64
).
Bionomy.
The little information we have about the bionomy of this species has been inferred from studied material and from some Michael Košťál’s direct observations (pers. comm.).
Rhopalapion celatum
n. sp.
seems to prefer xeric or xerothermophilous habitats from low elevations,
400 m
a.s.l., to mountains up to
2,150 m
a.s.l. Adults are active from April to July on plants of
Alcea
sp. (
Fig. 61
) apparently very similar to
A. digitata
.