A revision of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) in the Neotropical Region 3030 Author Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz text Zootaxa 2011 2011-09-16 3030 1 1 62 https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3030.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3030.1.1 1175­5334 5280554 Gasteruption brachychaetum Schrottky, 1906 ( Fig. 6 ) Gasteruption brachychaetum Schrottky, 1906: 61–62 (description); Kieffer, 1912: 238 (in key), 308–309 (redescription); Hedicke, 1939: 34 (catalog); Macedo, 2009: 7 ( brachycaetum misprint, cladistic analysis); Rasmussen et al. 2009: 23 (catalog). Diagnosis. Differs from G. amputatum by the head subtrapezoidal in dorsal view ( Fig. 6a ); the propleuron longer than the pronotum; the mesonotum rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 6d ); and the mesoscutum punctate ( Fig. 6c ). Differs from other Neotropical species by the ovipositor sheath shorter than 0.40 times the metasoma length ( Fig. 6e ); and by the subgenital sternun notched, V-shaped. Redescription. Female ( Fig. 6e ). Length: 11.4 mm ( 8.3–15.1 mm ) (n=40); ovipositor sheath length 0.17 (0.13–0.22) × body length. Head. Subtrapezoidal in dorsal view, as long as wide ( Fig. 6a ), punctulate; mandible pre-apical tooth short; malar space short, almost separated from gena; posterior ocellus inserted at the level of upper eye margin; occipital carina relatively narrow dorsally and very wide laterally ( Fig. 6b ). Head length 1.31 (1.21–1.49) × eye length; eye length 19.37 (12.50–30.00) × malar space; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital margin 1.77 (1.54–2.00) × distance between posterior ocelli; 1 st flagellomere 1.19 (1.00–1.60) × as long as scape, 1.29 (1.00–1.70) × as long as pedicel, 0.64 (0.44–1.00) × as long as 2 nd flagellomere. Color: black or dark brown, occipital carina usually red brown, clypeus yellow brown, scape yellow brown, remaining antennal segments dark brown to yellow brown. Mesosoma. Propleuron rugulose dorsally, sparsely punctate laterally; pronotal process distinct; pronotum imbricate to smooth, area between lobes crenulate; mesonotum rounded in lateral view ( Fig. 6d ); mesoscutum sparsely ( Fig. 6c ) to densely punctate; mesoscutelum imbricate, with sparse punctation; mesepisternum imbricate dorsally and areolate ventrally; mesepimeron scrobiculate; metapleuron areolate, ventral region with a reduced smooth portion; propodeum areolate, longitudinal carina present (rarely indistinct); metacoxa usually with welldefined fine striae. Mesosoma (excluding propleuron) 1.67 (1.48–1.90) × as long as high; propleuron 1.69 (1.38– 1.96) × longer than its largest wide, 1.19 (1.03–1.38) × pronotum length; metacoxa 2.59 (2.00–3.15) × as long as wide; metatibia 3.97 (3.46–5.11) × as long as wide, 1.34 (1.12–1.43) × as long as femur, 3.23 (2.60–3.88) × as long as 1 st tarsomere. Fore wing discal cell subtriangular or subtrapezoidal; hind wing with 3 hamuli (rarely 2 or 4), not equidistant. Color: propleuron, mesonotum and propodeum red brown to dark brown, pronotum, mesopleuron and metapleuron red brown (with some black areas in several specimens); fore and middle legs with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia red brown to dark brown, tibia with a yellow longitudinal stripe, tarsus white or yellow, apical tarsomeres red brown in some specimens; hind leg with coxa, trochanter, femur and tibia red brown to dark brown, subbasal portion of tibia yellow, tarsus red brown to dark brown ( two specimens from Colombia have mesosoma black, except for yellow parts of legs). Metasoma. Imbricate, 2.99 (2.71–3.38) × as long as mesosoma; subgenital sternun notched, V-shaped; ovipositor sheath 0.28 (0.21–0.35) × as long as metasoma. Color: terga mostly red brown to dark brown, with posterior regions yellow brown; ovipositor sheath red brown to dark brown, with apex yellow brown. FIGURE 6. Gasteruption brachychaetum . a: head in dorsal view; b: head in lateral view; c: mesonotum in dorsal view; d: mesosoma in lateral view; e. habitus. Scale bar: 1.0 mm. Male. First record. Similar to female. Geographic distribution. Argentina ( Buenos Aires , Jujuy , Misiones, Salta , Tucumán ), Brazil ( Espírito Santo , Minas Gerais , Pará, Rio de Janeiro , Santa Catarina , São Paulo ), Colombia , Costa Rica , Guatemala , Mexico ( Quintana Roo ), Paraguay ( Schrottky 1906 ), Peru , Suriname , Trinidad and Tobago , Venezuela . Material examined. ARGENTINA : Buenos Aires : La Plata , 18.XII.1965 , H. & M. Townes , 2♀ , 2♂ ( AEIC ) ; Jujuy : Aguas Calientes , 650 m , 18–20.X.1968 , L.E. Pena , 1♂ ( AEIC ) ; Misiones : San Ignacio , 4–5.IV.1974 , C. R . &. M. Vardy , 1♀ ( BMNH ) ; Salta : San Carlos , 20.I.1950 , A. Willink & Monrós , 1♀ ( IMLA ) ; Tucumán : San Pedro de Colalao , 8.XI–8.XII.1967 , L.A. Stange , 1♂ ( AEIC ) ; BRAZIL : Espírito Santo : S.J. Petrópolis , 12.XI.1964 , C. Elias , 1 unknown gender ( DZUP ) ; Minas Gerais : Passa Quatro , 1903, E. R . Wagner , 1♀ ( MNHN ) ; São Gonçalo Rio Abaixo , Est. Amb. Peti Cemig , 18–25.X.2002 , A.F. Kumagai , 1♀ ( MZSP ) ; Viçosa , 18.X.1992 , G.A. R . Melo , 1♀ ( DZUP ) ; Pará : Oriximiná , Porto Trombetas , Teófilo , transição, 1 o 47’3.5”S 56 o 34’50.1”W , 141 m , Malaise , 16– 26.XII.2006 , L. Cezar & L. Penilo , 1♀ ( MZSP ) ; Rio de Janeiro : Itatiaia , 700 m , 22. V .1932 , J.F. Zikán , 1♀ ( FIOC ) ; Nova Friburgo , Mury , XII.1975 , Gred & Guimarães , 1♀ ( MZSP ) ; Rio de Janeiro , Jardim Botânico , VII.1935 , H.S. Lopes , 1♂ ( MNRJ ) ; Santa Catarina : Nova Teutônia , 27º11’S 52º23’W , 300–500 m , 4.XI.1941 , 8.V.1958 , 25.VIII.1958 , 17.II.1959 , 12.IV.1959 , 12.II.1960 , 30.III.1960 , 26.IV.1960 , 31.III.1961 , 2.III.1962 , IV.1966 , 23.II.1967 , F. Plaumann , 11♀ , 1♂ ( CNCI ) ; Nova Teutônia , 28.I.1948 , 20.IV.1948 , 24.XII.1951 , XII.1970 , F. Plaumann , 4♀ , 2♂ ( AEIC ) ; Nova Teutônia , 10.X.1955 , F. Plaumann , 1♀ ( BMNH ) ; Nova Teutônia , X.1957 , XI.1969 , F. Plaumann , 1♀ , 1♂ ( DZUP ) ; São Paulo : Barueri , 25.VIII.1955 , K. Lenko , 1♀ ( MNRJ ) ; Guatapará , I.1945 , N. Carrera , 1♀ ( MZSP ) ; Ribeirão Preto , Campus USP , 20.VIII.1998 , 14.IX.1998 , 10.X.1998 , G.A. R . Melo , 3♀ ( DZUP ) ; Rio Claro , FEENA , Malaise , 10.IX–01.X.2005 , J. T . Dias , 2♀ ( MZSP ) ; São Paulo , IBUSP , 28.XI.2007 , 10.XII.2007 , 10.II.2008 , G.D. Cordeiro , 3♀ ( MZSP ) ; COLOMBIA : Amazonas : San Martín , PNN Amacayacu , Mata Station Tierre Firme, Malaise , 11–12.III.2000 , M. Sharkey , 1♀ ( HIC ) ; San Martin , PNN Amacayacu , 3º46'S 70º18"W, 150 m , Malaise , 30. VI –8.VIII.2000 , B. Amado , 1♀ ( IAVH ) ; Arauca : Tame , 20– 27.VII.1967 , M. Cooper , 1♀ ( BMNH ) ; COSTA RICA : San José : San José , 1100–1200 m , VIII.1980 , N.L.H. Krauss , 1♂ ( AMNH ) ; GUATEMALA : Guatemala : 3 mi S Amatitian , 26.XI.1972 , B. & C. Dasch , 1♀ ( AEIC ) ; MEXICO : Quintana Roo : X-can, VIII.1963 , E. Welling , 9♀ , 4♂ ( CNCI ) ; PERU : Ica : Chanchamayo , 8.VIII.1949 , J.M. Schunke , 1♀ ( BMNH ) ; Loreto : Avispas , nr. Marcapata , IX.1972 , L.E. Pena , 1♀ ( AEIC ) ; SURI- NAME : Paramaribo : 24–28.IV.1964 , D.C. Geijskes , 1♀ ( AEIC ) ; TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO : Morne Bleu , 7– 28.VIII.1969 , H. & A. Howden , 1♀ ( AEIC ) ; St. George , St. Augustine , 15.VII–13.VIII.1976 , J.S. Noyes , 2♀ ( BMNH ) ; VENEZUELA : Aragua : Rancho Grande , Portachuelo , 1100 m 13. VI .1981 , F. Fernandez , 1♀ ( MIZA ) ; 2 km N Ocumare de la Costa , 21–22. VI .1976 , A.S. Menke & D. Vincent , 1♂ ( USNM ) ; Bolívar : km 38, El Dorado , Santa Elena , 31.VIII.1957 , F. Fernandez , 1♀ ( MIZA ) ; Cojedes : El Pao. Higuerotal , 9º49'27"N 68º2'50"W , 376 m , 10–17.V.1995 , 7–14.VI.1995 , A. Alemán , 3♀ ( MIZA ) ; Falcón : Cerro Galicia , 1500 m , 4.XII.1971 , J. & B. Bechyne , 1♀ ( MIZA ) . Comments. The three female s yntypes of G. brachychaetum were not found and presumably were lost with part of Schrottky’s collection ( De Santis 1996 ; Rasmussen et al. 2009 ). The locality data cited by Schrottky (1906) in the description is PARAGUAY : Villa Encarnación, 30.I.1905 , 6.II.1905 , 8.II.1905 . The main character in Schrottky’s description used to identify G. brachychaetum was the very short ovipositor.