<document id="A9257DA6824CC4276C86B6DB32004AA0" ID-CLB-Dataset="126956" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2022.2068387" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5ca061c2-0cbb-4434-a28a-fc6c60e7ed7c" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012486" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1660992336059" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R., Carlton, James T., Keith, Inti, Ashton, Gail V., Larson, Kristen, Ruiz, Gregory M., Herrera, Esteban &amp; Golfin, Geiner" docDate="2022" docId="03A1BD34FFC9FFA28A1FFF0116FAFC81" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.56.9-12.565-606.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 56 (9 - 12)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2068387" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Halecium undetermined" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="588" masterDocId="FF98C54CFFDEFFB58820FFD21740FFD4" masterDocTitle="Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography" masterLastPageNumber="606" masterPageNumber="565" pageNumber="588" updateTime="1732717785349" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C17877A16EACDBCE7A58682E39729EE6">Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="CEF7FD05C8B3FF7A8EF35D32F6873801">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0561CB7532EFA268B0D9E39D18FC3917">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A1BD34FFC9FFA28A1FFF0116FAFC81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7015838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7015838" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A1BD34FFC9FFA28A1FFF0116FAFC81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A1BD34FFC9FFA28A1FFF0116FAFC81" lastPageNumber="588" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Haleciidae" scope_order="Leptothecata" scope_subClass="Hydroidolina">
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<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFC9FFA28A1FFF0115A5FF3A" blockId="23.[442,873,142,273]" box="[575,741,211,238]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFC9FFA28A1FFF0115A5FF3A" box="[575,741,211,238]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28A1FFF0115A5FF3A" bold="true" box="[575,741,211,238]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28A1FFF0115F7FF3A" bold="true" box="[575,695,211,238]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Halecium</emphasis>
sp.
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<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFC9FFA28A69FF24159AFEC5" blockId="23.[442,873,142,273]" box="[585,730,246,273]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
<heading id="D0FFBB4EFFC9FFA28A69FF24159AFEC5" box="[585,730,246,273]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28A69FF24159AFEC5" bold="true" box="[585,730,246,273]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
(
<figureCitation id="133310A7FFC9FFA28A72FF241590FEC5" box="[594,720,246,273]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="19.[160,225,1409,1432]" captionTargetBox="[166,1151,150,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-1@19.[163,1153,142,1377]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 6. Leptothecata: Obeliidae, Haleciidae, Sertularellidae and Sertulariidae. (a) Obelia microtheca: hydrocaulus with two pedicels and hydrothecae, #240607. (b) Obelia microtheca: part of hydrocaulus with long pedicel and a hydrotheca, #240607. (c) Obelia microtheca: part of hydrocaulus and base of a pedicel with a gonotheca, #240607. (d) Halecium sp.: part of hydrocaulus with hydrothecae and base of a branch, #266335. (e) Sertularella affinicostata: stolon and stem with five hydrothecae, #240592. (f) Sertularella affinicostata: part of stem with two hydrothecae, #240592. (g) Tridentata borneensis: base of a stem with two pairs of hydrothecae, #240634. (h) Tridentata borneensis: distal end of a stem with two pairs of hydrothecae, #240634. (i) Tridentata borneensis: gonotheca, #266336. Scale bars: a, i = 0.2 mm; b–d, f–h = 0.1 mm; e = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012502/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Figure 6d</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3125FA9FFC9FFA28880FE821470FE7B" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFC9FFA28880FE82163FFEBE" blockId="23.[160,1156,336,431]" box="[160,383,336,362]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28880FE82163FFEBE" bold="true" box="[160,383,336,362]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFC9FFA28880FEA61470FE7B" blockId="23.[160,1156,336,431]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
Chatham Bay, dock 004, no coordinates, 1 colony fragment, on 
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFC9FFA28B47FEA6133EFE59" authorityName="Kirchenpauer" authorityYear="1872" box="[871,1150,372,397]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Macrorhynchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="philippina">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28B47FEA6133EFE59" box="[871,1150,372,397]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Macrorhynchia philippina</emphasis>
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, 
<quantity id="4CF0A1C7FFC9FFA28880FE4417A1FE7B" box="[160,225,406,431]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
high, without gonothecae, coll. G. Ashton, #266335.
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<subSubSection id="C3125FA9FFC9FFA28880FE0C16FAFC81" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFC9FFA28880FE0C1646FE2C" blockId="23.[160,1155,478,746]" box="[160,262,478,504]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28880FE0C1646FE2C" bold="true" box="[160,262,478,504]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Remarks</emphasis>
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Because it lacked gonophores, especially those of the female, this hydroid could not be positively identified. The trophosome fragment did not appear to correspond to any of the species from the Tropical Eastern Pacific assigned by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28ACAFD95143DFDB4" author="Fraser CM" box="[746,893,583,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref19533" refString="Fraser CM. 1938 a. Hydroids of the 1934 Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition. Allan Hancock Pac Expeditions. 4 (1): 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1938">Fraser (1938a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28BA9FD95148EFDB4" author="Fraser CM" box="[905,974,583,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" pagination="107 - 127" refId="ref19562" refString="Fraser CM. 1938 b. Hydroids of the 1936 and 1937 Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. Allan Hancock Pac Expeditions. 4 (2): 107 - 127." type="journal article" year="1938">1938b</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28BFAFD95135CFDB4" author="Fraser CM" box="[986,1052,583,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" pagination="129 - 153" refId="ref19593" refString="Fraser CM. 1938 c. Hydroids of the 1932, 1933, 1935, and 1938 Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. Allan Hancock Pac Expeditions. 4 (3): 129 - 153." type="journal article" year="1938">1938c</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28C07FD95131DFDB4" author="Fraser CM" box="[1063,1117,583,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" pagination="179 - 343" refId="ref19695" refString="Fraser CM. 1948. Hydroids of the Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions since March, 1938. Allan Hancock Pac Expeditions. 4 (5): 179 - 343." type="journal article" year="1948">1948</bibRefCitation>
) to 
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFC9FFA28880FDBB16C8FD56" authority="Oken, 1815" authorityName="Oken" authorityYear="1815" box="[160,392,617,642]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28880FDBB1644FD56" box="[160,260,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Halecium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA2892BFDBB16C8FD56" author="Oken L" box="[267,392,617,642]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" refId="ref22267" refString="Oken L. 1815. Okens Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte. III. Theil. Zoologie. Vol. 1. Jena: Oken." type="book" year="1815">Oken, 1815</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFC9FFA28A2CFDBB1435FD56" authority="(Hargitt, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Hargitt" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[524,885,617,642]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Nemalecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lighti">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28A2CFDBB158FFD56" box="[524,719,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Nemalecium lighti</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28AFCFDBB142CFD56" author="Hargitt CW" box="[732,876,617,642]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" pagination="467 - 507" refId="ref20266" refString="Hargitt CW. 1924. Hydroids of the Philippine Islands. Philipp J Sci. 24: 467 - 507." type="journal article" year="1924">Hargitt, 1924</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, known from the region (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28885FD5E1605FD71" author="Hickman CP Jr." box="[165,325,652,677]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" refId="ref20331" refString="Hickman CP Jr. 2008. A field guide to corals and other radiates of Galapagos. An illustrated guidebook to the corals, anemones, zoanthids, black corals, gorgonians, sea pens, and hydroids of the Galapagos Islands. Lexington (Virginia): Sugar Spring Press." type="book" year="2008">Hickman 2008</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28971FD5E154BFD71" author="Banks S &amp; Vera M &amp; Chiriboga A" box="[337,523,652,677]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" pagination="43 - 64" refId="ref16751" refString="Banks S, Vera M, Chiriboga A. 2009. Establishing reference points to assess long-term change in zooxanthellate coral communities of the northern Galapagos coral reefs. Galapagos Res. 66: 43 - 64." type="journal article" year="2009">Banks et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFC9FFA28A38FD5E1598FD71" author="Calder DR &amp; Carlton JT &amp; Larson K &amp; Mallinson JJ &amp; Choong HHC &amp; Keith I &amp; Ruiz GM" box="[536,728,652,677]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" pagination="21 - 58" refId="ref17698" refString="Calder DR, Carlton JT, Larson K, Mallinson JJ, Choong HHC, Keith I, Ruiz GM. 2019. Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from marine fouling assemblages in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Aquat Invasions. 14: 21 - 58. doi: 10.3391 / ai. 2019.14.1.02" type="journal article" year="2019">Calder et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
, 2021), was discounted as a possibility because no nematodactyls or large pseudostenotele nematocysts were observed in the available material. The hydroid has been assigned here simply to 
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFC9FFA28B59FD031345FD3E" box="[889,1029,721,746]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Haleciidae" genus="Halecium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="588" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28B59FD03149DFD3E" box="[889,989,721,746]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Halecium</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFC9FFA28880FCCA16DCFCE6" blockId="23.[160,442,792,853]" box="[160,412,792,818]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFC9FFA28880FCCA16DCFCE6" bold="true" box="[160,412,792,818]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Reported distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFC9FFA28880FCEE16FAFC81" blockId="23.[160,442,792,853]" box="[160,442,828,853]" pageId="23" pageNumber="588">Cocos Island: first record.</paragraph>
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