Revision of the cricket genus Nisitrus Saussure (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae) and descriptions of five new species
Author
Tan, Ming Kai
2F544BE6-7986-4905-AE51-CF16B44D5251
Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national dʼhistoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
mingkai@gmail.com
Author
Wahab, Rodzay bin Haji Abdul
50868E6A-34E4-471A-B941-C504CC9E895A
Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Universiti, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam.
rodzay.wahab@ubd.edu.bn
Author
Japir, Razy
B05E507D-FBA4-437F-AB03-94E349912EA5
Forest Research Centre (Sepilok), Sabah Forestry Department, P. O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia.
razy.Japir@sabah.gov.my
Author
Chung, Authur Y. C.
6E7371D6-6FF9-42DF-8745-4A8304CB0978
Forest Research Centre (Sepilok), Sabah Forestry Department, P. O. Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia.
arthur.Chung@sabah.gov.my
Author
Robillard, Tony
19BBE007-85D2-4325-8396-A1F4BAF5775C
Institut de Systématique, Evolution et Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national dʼhistoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
tony.robillard@mnhn.fr
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2021
2021-07-28
761
1
1
75
http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.761.1449
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2021.761.1449
bf24ff1f-569a-4222-afe1-8527c83d8003
2118-9773
5156259
519E2F56-40E1-4431-BC90-8484E308D16E
Nisitrus malaya
Robillard & Tan
sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
AD6647DB-81AE-421B-8433-C4E3D9ACC314
Figs 4–
5
,
7E
,
9A
,
10F
,
11F
,
12F
,
13E
,
14F
,
16E
,
17J–K
, 23A–D, 24A–C, 25A–C,
26
;
Tables 1–2
,
8
Nisitrus vittatus
–
Robillard & Desutter-Grandcolas 2004a: 276
;
2004b: 578
;
2004c: 304
;
2006: 644
;
2008: 67
(
Nisitrini
tribe);
2011: 637
. —
Robillard
et al.
2007: 1265
;
2013: 2002
(mechanism of stridulation). —
Desutter-Grandcolas
et al.
2010: 616
. —
Nattier
et al.
2011: 2201
(phylogeny and molecular dating). —
Tan 2012: 4
;
2017: 4
. —
Tan
et al.
2012: 66
;
2013a: 220
;
2013b: 99
;
2015: 47
;
2017: 146
(flower-visiting behaviour). —
Robillard & Tan 2013: 707
. —
Tan & Robillard 2014: 375
. —
ter Hofstede
et al.
2015: 3245–3252
(communication). —
Schneider
et al.
2017: 1–12
(tympanum structure).
Diagnosis
Average size, colouration contrasting with black and yellow, characterised by black vertex, yellow frons and orange brown legs. This new species is very close to
N. vittatus
from which it differs by adult and juvenile colouration, male and female genitalia and calling song. General colouration darker, particularly among FW cells and veins beneath R; R black (instead of cream-coloured as in
N. vittatus
); in male venation, anal-most and middle chords narrow and nearly parallel with one another (instead of diverging apically), and basal-most chord extend from basal half of middle chord (instead of at/after midpoint). It differs from
N. vittatus
by the male genitalia with pseudepiphallus more robust, broad, anterior margin more strongly concave. Female copulatory papilla with truncated lobule at the ventro-anterior end. Juvenile differs strikingly in the body colour pattern. Male calling song also differs by longer echeme period. This species is also similar to
N. crucius
sp. nov.
in size and habitus, but differs by the absence of cross-shaped black pattern on frons and does not occur in Borneo.
Etymology
This specific name is a noun in apposition referring to the speciesʼ distribution in the Malay Peninsula (including
Singapore
and Peninsular
Malaysia
).
Material examined
Holotype
SINGAPORE
•
♂
;
Dairy Farm Nature Park
;
1°21′44″ N
,
103°46′9″ E
;
17 Jul. 2020
;
M.K. Tan
leg.;
ZRC
.
Paratypes
MALAYSIA
–
Selangor
•
1 ♂
;
Petaling Jaya
,
Mount Kiara
;
3°10′17.44″ N
,
101°38′42.70″ E
;
7 Sep. 2002
;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF3132
•
1 ♂
; same collection data as for preceding; call recording;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF3133
•
1 ♂
; same collection data as for preceding;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF3134
•
1 ♀
; same collection data as for preceding;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF11140
•
1 ♀
; same locality data as for preceding;
Aug. 2002
;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF11331
•
1 ♀
; same locality data as for preceding;
T. Robillard
leg.; PIII:
Nvith2
;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF1708
•
1 ♂
; 1909;
C.J. Brooks
leg.;
NHMUK
.
SINGAPORE
•
1 ♂
;
Bukit Timah
, “près de l’entrée de la réserve” [near entrance];
1°21′6.7″ N
,
103°46′45.2″ E
;
92 m
a.s.l.
;
10 Jun. 2011
;
T. Robillard
leg.; call recording;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF3136
•
1 ♂
;
Bukit Timah
, “sommet” [summit];
1°21′16.2″ N
,
103°46′35.9″ E
;
170 m
a.s.l.
;
29 Jun. 2009
;
T. Robillard
leg.; call recording
MNHN-SO-2016-41
; TR9;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF3102
•
1 ♂
; same locality data as for preceding;
10 Jun. 2011
;
T. Robillard
leg.; TR1;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF10948
•
1 ♂
;
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
,
Hindhede Trail
;
1°20′57.1″ N
,
103°46′45.2″ E
;
68 m
a.s.l.
;
20 Jun. 2011
;
T. Robillard
leg.; TR26;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF10949
•
1 ♂
;
MacRitchie Reserve
;
1°21′10.2″ N
,
103°46′33.6″ E
;
68 m
a.s.l.
;
2 Jul. 2009
;
T. Robillard
leg.; call recording;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF3135
•
1 ♂
;
MacRitchie Reserve
;
1°21′10.2″ N
,
103°46′33.6″ E
;
68 m
a.s.l.
;
2 Jul. 2009
;
T. Robillard
leg.; call recording;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF2742
•
1 ♀
;
Mandai
;
1°24′52.7″ N
,
103°47′22.2″ E
;
27 Dec. 2015
;
M.K. Tan
and
H. Yeo
leg.; C2.F.50;
MNHN-EO- ENSIF11136
•
1 ♀
; same collection data as for preceding; C2.F.51;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF11138
•
1 ♀
; same collection data as for preceding; C2.F.28;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF11137
.
Additional specimens
MALAYSIA
•
6 juveniles
;
Petaling Jaya
,
Mount Kiara
;
3°10′17.44″ N
,
101°38′42.70″ E
;
7 Sep. 2002
;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 juvenile
;
Kepong
FRIM (
Forest Research Insitute of Malaysia
);
3°13′60″ N
,
101°37′51″ E
;
18 Aug. 2003
;
Svenson
leg.;
MNHN
•
16 ♂♂
;
Petaling Jaya
,
Mount Kiara
;
T. Robillard
leg.; élevage;
MNHN
•
11 ♀♀
; same collection data as for preceding;
MNHN
•
1 ♀
; PD Villa Country Resort, 11, Jln PDV3,
Taman Rakyat
, 71050
Teluk Kemang
,
Negeri Sembilan
;
2°27′27.3″ N
,
101°52′5.9″ E
;
17 Feb. 2019
;
J. Howes
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/20414064
•
1 ♀
;
Bestari Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°16′7″ N
,
101°27′28.6″ E
;
27 Apr. 2019
;
S. Siva Perumal
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/24568214
•
1 ♂
;
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°7′44.8″ N
,
101°39′3.20″ E
;
5 Mar. 2019
;
msone
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/30373276
•
1 ♂
;
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°7′44.8″ N
,
101°39′3.20″ E
;
5 Mar. 2019
;
msone
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/30373274
•
1 ♂
;
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°7′56.5″ N
,
101°39′16.3″ E
;
9 Jan. 2019
;
msone
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/20052999
•
1 ♀
;
Kledong Saiong Forest
Eco Park,
Perak
;
4°40′59.7″ N
,
101°4′6.5″ E
;
25 Jul. 2019
;
K. Wenyuh
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/29510836
•
1 ♀
;
Bukit Gasing
,
Petaling Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°5′54.3″ N
,
101°39′29.1″ E
;
17 Nov. 2006
;
J. Howes
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/35667227
•
1 ♂
; Taman Tugu PT88,
Jalan Sultan Salahuddin
,
Kuala Lumpur
, 50480
Kuala Lumpur
Federal Territory
of
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′6.28″ N
,
101°41′0.900″ E
;
17 Nov. 2019
;
T. Maul
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/35769550
•
1 ♀
;
Semenyih
,
Selangor
;
2°56′36.2″ N
,
101°54′4″ E
;
3 Dec. 2019
;
B.C.A. Howes
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/36316633
•
1 ♂
;
Bukit Persekutuan
,
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
;
3°8′21.3″ N
,
101°40′50.6″ E
;
11 Jul. 2007
;
J. Howes
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/36663502
•
1 ♀
; Lot 240,
Jalan Raja Chulan
,
Kuala Lumpur
, 50250
Kuala Lumpur
,
Wilayah Persekutuan
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′3.28″ N
,
101°42′7.5″ E
;
6 Jan. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/37332417
•
1 ♀
; 31600,
Perak
;
4°27′29.1″ N
,
101°12′30.5″ E
;
4 Jan. 2020
;
M. Ng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/37357322
•
1 ♀
;
Hutan Lipur Sungai Tua
;
3°20′1.2″ N
,
101°43′26.1″ E
;
6 Oct. 2014
;
T. Kirschey
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/49430837
•
1 ♀
; unnamed road,
Kampung Padang
, 43100
Hulu Langat
,
Selangor
;
3°11′55.2″ N
,
101°51′4″ E
;
11 Jan. 2020
;
F. Cheong
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/37615383
•
1 ♂
;
Beranang
,
Selangor
;
2°56′17.8″ N
,
101°53′56.2″ E
;
19 Jan. 2020
;
M.A.M. Nasir
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/37730365
•
1 ♀
;
Kampung Tanjung Jelai
,
Jerantut
,
Pahang
;
4°4′11.1″ N
,
102°19′0″ E
;
20Feb.2019
; djhiker leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/24363726
•
1 ♂
;
5°12′53.7″ N
,
100°30′53.2″ E
;
19 Mar. 2018
;
R. Ong
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/29697626
•
1 ♂
; 53100
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory
of
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°13′53.1″ N
,
101°44′25.8″ E
;
15 Feb. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/38668098
•
1 ♂
;
Balai Cerap
UTM;
1°34′11.8″ N
,
103°38′41″ E
;
21 Feb. 2020
;
S. Mierul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/38906538
•
1 ♂
;
Selangor
;
3°35′39.6″ N
,
101°44′5.9″ E
;
28 Jul. 2019
; msone leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/39490018
•
1 ♀
;
Johor Baharu
, MY-JH;
1°32′28.1″ N
,
103°40′32.2″ E
;
11 Mar. 2020
; gonaturelam leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/39833380
•
1 ♂
;
2°50′40.7″ N
,
101°56′32.2″ E
;
1 May 2019
;
anukma
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/24256308
•
1 juvenile
; Taman Tugu PT88,
Jalan Sultan Salahuddin
,
Kuala Lumpur
, 50480
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory
of
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′6.28″ N
,
101°41′0.900″ E
;
17 Nov. 2019
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/35769588
•
1 ♀
;
Mersing
,
Johor
;
2°25′7.56″ N
,
103°51′22.8″ E
;
7 Feb. 2020
;
msone
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/38427233
•
1 juvenile
;
Tamarind Springs Jalan
1,
Taman Tun Abdul Razak
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′14.6″ N
,
101°46′14.3″ E
;
21 Jun. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/50422192
•
1 juvenile
;
Selama
;
5°13′6.5″ N
,
100°41′36.5″ E
;
5 Jul. 2020
;
M. Syarifudin
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/51984928
•
1 juvenile
;
Tamarind Springs Jalan
1,
Taman Tun Abdul Razak
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′14.6″ N
,
101°46′14.3″ E
;
5 Sep. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58822053
•
1 ♂
;
Bentong
,
Pahang
, MY;
3°18′47.2″ N
,
101°52′49.6″ E
;
12 Sep. 2020
;
J. Marriappan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59301449
•
1 juvenile
;
Tamarind Springs Jalan
1,
Taman Tun Abdul Razak
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′14.6″ N
,
101°46′14.3″ E
;
19 Sep. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60070623
•
1 ♂
;
Jalan Melawati
5,
Taman Zoo View
,
Selangor
, MY;
3°13′0.400″ N
,
101°45′2″ E
;
2 Sep. 2020
;
K.J.M. Anbumani
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/60166965
•
1 juvenile
;
Taman Bukit Perdana
, 83000
Batu Pahat
,
Johor
;
1°50′53.6″ N
,
102°57′37.3″ E
;
26 Sep. 2020
;
J. Neo
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60810954
•
1 ♂
;
Kulaijaya
;
1°34′12.6″ N
,
103°38′40.1″ E
;
2 Mar. 2020
;
A. Zaidi
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/39477877
•
1 juvenile
;
Tamarind Springs Jalan
1,
Taman Tun Abdul Razak
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′14.6″ N
,
101°46′14.3″ E
;
8 Mar. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/39698484
•
1 ♂
; UTM
Skudai
,
Johor
Bahru
;
1°33′26.3″ N
,
103°38′14.1″ E
;
29 Apr. 2020
;
B. Kumpau
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/44237939
•
1 juvenile
;
Kuala Lumpur
, 50480
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory
of
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′23.1″ N
,
101°41′5.9″ E
;
26 May 2020
;
H. Shanmugam
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/47737528
•
1 ♀
;
2°48′23.6″ N
,
101°52′20.3″ E
;
3 May 2020
;
anukma
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/47829023
•
1 ♂
;
Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Lembing
,
Jalan Sungai Lembing
,
Kampung Bayas
, 26200
Sungai Lembing
,
Pahang
;
3°55′31″ N
,
103°4′17″ E
;
7 Jun. 2020
;
A. Yusuf
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/48735148
•
1 ♀
;
Perdana Botanical Gardens
,
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory
of
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°8′41.7″ N
,
101°41′10.6″ E
;
19 Jun. 2020
;
N. Rahman
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/50133159
•
1 ♂
;
Tamarind Springs Jalan
1,
Taman Tun Abdul Razak
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′14.6″ N
,
101°46′14.3″ E
;
20 Jun. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/50276251
•
1 ♂
;
Seberang Perai Selatan
;
5°17′13.6″ N
,
100°30′30″ E
;
5 Jul. 2020
;
alexiuslzl
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52006113
•
1 ♀
; KJ75
Pertubuhan Peladang
,
Pekan Batu
14
Hulu Langat
, 43100
Hulu Langat
,
Selangor
;
3°6′50.1″ N
,
101°48′56.3″ E
;
19 Jul. 2020
;
S. Saphian
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53567997
•
1 juvenile
;
Batu Pahat
,
Johor
;
1°50′28″ N
,
102°57′36.8″ E
;
31 Jul. 2020
; diclim_eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54914512
•
1 ♂
;
Taman Bukit Perdana
, 83000
Batu Pahat
,
Johor
;
1°50′53.6″ N
,
102°57′37.3″ E
;
31 Jul. 2020
; ziki_eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54932721
•
1 juvenile
; NCP,
Taman Tugu
,
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′4.4″ N
,
101°41′8.13″ E
;
9 Aug. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55895941
•
1 ♀
; NCP,
Taman Tugu
,
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′4.4″ N
,
101°41′8.13″ E
;
9 Aug. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55896227
•
1 juvenile
;
Jalan Perdana
17,
Taman Bukit Perdana
, 83000
Batu Pahat
,
Johor
;
1°50′53.7″ N
,
102°57′37.7″ E
;
16 Aug. 2020
; ziki_eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56605014
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Jalan Perdana
17,
Taman Bukit Perdana
, 83000
Batu Pahat
,
Johor
;
1°50′53.7″ N
,
102°57′37.7″ E
;
16 Aug. 2020
; ziki_eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56605016
•
1 juvenile
;
Taman Bukit Indah
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°9′34.7″ N
,
101°46′34.3″ E
;
20 Aug. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57008216
•
1 ♂
;
Taman Bukit Perdana
, 83000
Batu Pahat
,
Johor
;
1°50′53.6″ N
,
102°57′37.3″ E
;
20 Aug. 2020
; ziki_ eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57014573
•
1 ♀
; 83200
Senggarang
,
Johor
;
1°46′20″ N
,
103°1′33.1″ E
;
22 Aug. 2020
; ziki_eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57193924
•
1 ♂
;
Taman Bukit Perdana
2, 83000
Batu Pahat
,
Johor
;
1°50′32.8″ N
,
102°57′15″ E
;
20 Aug. 2020
; tstan_eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57307974
•
1 ♀
; NCP,
Taman Tugu
,
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′4.4″ N
,
101°41′8.13″ E
;
23 Aug. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57311814
•
1 juvenile
;
Jalan Cenderasari
,
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°8′44.6″ N
,
101°41′18.5″ E
;
30 Aug. 2020
; mengarooo leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58026678
•
1 juvenile
;
Tamarind Springs Jalan
1,
Taman Tun Abdul Razak
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′14.6″ N
,
101°46′14.3″ E
;
31 Aug. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58233139
•
1 ♀
; 83200
Senggarang
,
Johor
;
1°44′6.4″ N
,
103°4′1.2″ E
;
22 Aug. 2020
;
J. Neo
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58578339
•
1 ♂
;
Choa Chu Kang Park
;
1°23′11.9″ N
,
103°44′51″ E
;
6 Sep. 2020
; mingwei leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58695507
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Tamarind Springs Jalan
1,
Taman Tun Abdul Razak
, 68000
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′14.6″ N
,
101°46′14.3″ E
;
5 Sep. 2020
;
T. Maul
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58826217
•
1 ♀
;
Ampang Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°13′0.100″ N
,
101°45′3.5″ E
;
20 Sep. 2020
;
B. Sg
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60147373
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
; 83200
Senggarang
,
Johor
;
1°46′36.8″ N
,
103°1′24.6″ E
;
4 Oct. 2020
; ziki_eschsbp leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61669789
•
1 juvenile
; 83200
Senggarang
,
Johor
;
1°46′36.8″ N
,
103°1′24.6″ E
;
4 Oct. 2020
;
ziki_eschsbp
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61669797
•
1 ♂
;
Garden Avenue
, 70300
Seremban
,
Negeri Sembilan
;
2°40′39.7″ N
,
101°54′2.70″ E
;
7 Oct. 2020
;
O.J. Seng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61917637
•
1 ♂
;
Garden Avenue
, 70300
Seremban
,
Negeri Sembilan
;
2°40′53″ N
,
101°53′56.2″ E
;
7 Oct. 2020
;
O.J. Seng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61920273
•
1 juvenile
;
Bukit Kiara
, 60000
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory
of
Kuala Lumpur
;
3°9′12″ N
,
101°38′11″ E
;
8 Oct. 2020
;
V. Ganesh
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62013556
•
1 juvenile
;
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
;
3°8′20.3″ N
,
101°41′12.6″ E
;
8 Oct. 2020
;
C.W. Chun
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62037651
•
1 ♀
;
Perdana Botanical Gardens
,
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
;
3°8′37.2″ N
,
101°41′9.9″ E
;
8 Oct. 2020
;
C.W. Chun
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62075913
•
1 ♀
;
1°50′33.5″ N
,
102°57′38.2″ E
;
10 Oct. 2020
;
joyce_tan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62628458
•
1 juvenile
;
Petaling Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′33.6″ N
,
101°36′31.1″ E
;
25 Oct. 2020
;
msone
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63555073
•
1 juvenile
;
Petaling Jaya
,
Selangor
;
3°10′33.6″N
,
101°36′31.1″E
;
25Oct.2020
;
msone
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/63555074
•
1 juvenile
;
Perdana Botanical Gardens
,
Kuala Lumpur
,
Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur
;
3°8′37.2″ N
,
101°41′9.9″ E
;
8 Oct. 2020
;
C.W. Chun
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62078581
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Gombak
;
3°15′41.7″ N
,
101°38′7″ E
;
28Apr. 2019
;
Y. Joyce
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/23581051
•
1 juvenile
;
Gunung Lambak
;
2°1′39″ N
,
103°21′27″ E
;
2Aug. 2020
;
howe
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55174550
•
1 ♀
;
Kuala
Terengganu
;
5°16′55″ N
,
103°6′32″ E
;
27 Dec. 2013
;
Lanzz
leg.; https://www.projectnoah. org/spottings/130726139?fbclid=IwAR1CsvK9ownDvtCZtRiad5lj9dnh3aKasTEVLyyZGkwfXm1PNj dkKMrq-TM
.
SINGAPORE
•
1 juvenile
;
Central Catchment Nature Reserve
, “sentier forestier”;
1°22′49″ N
,
103°49′6″ E
;
79 m
a.s.l.
;
16 Jun. 2011
;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♂
;
Elevage
F1;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
3 ♂♂
;
Elevage
F2;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
2 ♂♂
;
Elevage
F3;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♂
;
Elevage
F1;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♂
;
Elevage
F4;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♂
;
Elevage
F5;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♂
;
Elevage
F6;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♂
;
Elevage
F9;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN-EO-ENSIF3102
•
4 ♂♂
;
Elevage
;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♀
;
Elevage
F2;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♀
;
Elevage
F3;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♀
;
Elevage
F5;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
3 ♀♀
;
Elevage
;
T. Robillard
leg.;
MNHN
•
1 ♀
;
Lim Chu Kang
;
1°26′46.1″ N
,
103°43′45.7″ E
;
26 Dec. 2019
;
E.C. Maxwell
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/39013226
•
1 ♂
;
Blackmore Drive
,
Holland Village
;
1°19′59.8″ N
,
103°46′53.1″ E
;
27 Oct. 2020
;
stefaniek
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63613982
•
1 ♂
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°20′48.2″ N
,
103°50′8.5″ E
;
10 Apr. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/41811938
•
1 ♂
; Blk 70A;
1°16′35.6″ N
,
103°48′42″ E
;
23 May 2020
;
lcwoo
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/46927932
•
1 ♀
;
Woodlands
(SLE)
Park Connector
,
Woodlands
;
1°25′36.7″ N
,
103°47′14.3″ E
;
29 May 2020
;
looiec
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/47701690
•
1 ♀
;
Champions Way
,
Woodlands
;
1°25′40.1″ N
,
103°47′16.8″ E
;
29 May 2020
;
looiec
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/47701715
•
1 juvenile
; 36C
Lor Halwa
298637;
1°20′10″ N
,
103°49′22.6″ E
;
9 May 2020
;
flyingswallow123
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/48998890
•
1 ♀
;
Tanglin
;
1°18′2.5″ N
,
103°48′41.1″ E
;
15 Jun. 2020
;
D. Rham
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/49656881
•
1 ♂
;
Yishun
;
1°24′51.7″ N
,
103°50′34.2″ E
;
20 Jun. 2020
;
M. Ng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/50287104
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Rambutan Trail
,
Thomson
;
1°23′6.28″ N
,
103°49′13.8″ E
;
28 Jun. 2020
;
simchoonheok
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/51206798
•
1 juvenile
;
Tengah
;
1°21′58″ N
,
103°43′47.2″ E
;
23 Jun. 2020
;
C.W. Gan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/51352950
•
1 ♀
;
Bishan
;
1°20′57.1″ N
,
103°49′59.8″ E
;
27 Jun. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/51885537
•
1 ♂
;
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
;
1°21′38.8″ N
,
103°46′38.1″ E
;
5 Jul. 2020
;
ramesh-birding-butterflying
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52003328
•
1 ♂
;
Kent Ridge Park
,
Pasir Panjang
;
1°17′7.28″ N
,
103°47′28.3″ E
;
2 Jul. 2020
;
skm3355
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52035813
•
1 ♀
;
Bef Dairy Farm Road
;
1°22′0″ N
,
103°46′32″ E
;
10 Jul. 2020
;
N. Sanjai
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52529111
•
1 ♀
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°21′50.8″ N
,
103°46′34.2″ E
;
10 Jul. 2020
;
N. Sanjai
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52536392
•
1 ♀
;
Bef Old Upp Thomson Road
;
1°23′12.3″ N
,
103°49′12.9″ E
;
10 Jul. 2020
;
Y.H. Koh
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52542825
•
1 ♂
;
MacRitchie Reservoir
;
1°20′41.3″ N
,
103°49′20.5″ E
;
10 Jul. 2020
;
falseamoebae
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52574945
•
1 ♀
;
Novena
;
1°20′0.598″ N
,
103°49′39.3″ E
;
10 Jul. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52644701
•
1 ♀
;
Upper Seletar Reservoir Park
;
1°23′58.7″ N
,
103°48′29.3″ E
;
10 Jul. 2020
;
K. Well
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/52703749
•
1 juvenile
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°20′52.7″ N
,
103°46′30.3″ E
;
14 Jul. 2020
;
M. Nasry
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53034819
•
1 ♀
;
Rifle Range Link
;
1°21′22.6″ N
,
103°48′6″ E
;
12 Jul. 2020
;
K. Well
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53036305
•
1 ♀
; 100
Dairy Farm Road
, 679057;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
17 Jul. 2020
;
M. Ng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53356890
•
1 ♀
; 100
Dairy Farm Road
, 679057;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
17 Jul. 2020
;
M. Ng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53356981
•
1 ♂
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°20′48.7″ N
,
103°50′8″ E
;
12 Jul. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53451611
•
1 ♂
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°20′46.7″ N
,
103°50′9.3″ E
;
12 Jul. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53451612
•
1 ♀
;
Bishan
;
1°20′51.5″ N
,
103°50′7.70″ E
;
12 Jul. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53452345
•
1 ♂
;
Novena
;
1°20′8.13″ N
,
103°49′40.6″ E
;
18 Jul. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53454664
•
1 ♀
;
Upper Thomson Road
;
1°23′7.4″ N
,
103°49′15.6″ E
;
19 Jul. 2020
;
M. Ng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53596352
•
1 ♀
;
Wallace Centre
,
Dairy Farm Nature Park
;
1°21′35.3″ N
,
103°46′39″ E
;
19 Jul. 2020
;
K. Well
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53622733
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
19 Jul. 2020
; lcwoo leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53668007
•
1 juvenile
;
Dairy Farm Nature Park
;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
19 Jul. 2020
; lcwoo leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53673593
•
1 ♂
;
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
,
Bukit Timah
;
1°21′22.1″ N
,
103°46′8.56″ E
;
18 Jul. 2020
; gcynature leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/53775496
•
1 ♂
;
1°22′22.5″ N
,
103°49′26.6″ E
;
24 Jul. 2020
;
noahartpradid
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54131093
•
1 juvenile
;
Windsor Park
;
1°21′41.3″ N
,
103°49′35.5″ E
;
22 Jul. 2020
;
C.W. Gan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54154877
•
1 ♂
;
Neo Tiew Lane 2 at Kranji Marsh
;
1°25′0.80″ N
,
103°43′34.2″ E
;
25 Jul. 2020
;
K. Well
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54259065
•
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°22′26.3″ N
,
103°49′13.6″ E
;
26 Jul. 2020
;
gracelsy
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54379190
•
1 ♂
;
Thomson Nature Park
;
1°22′56″ N
,
103°49′19.5″ E
;
30 Jul. 2020
;
K. Well
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54847762
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Thomson Nature Park
;
1°23′7.4″ N
,
103°49′15.6″ E
;
31 Jul. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54945933
•
1 ♂
;
Thomson Nature Park
;
1°23′7.4″ N
,
103°49′15.6″ E
;
31 Jul. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/54946444
•
1 juvenile
;
Lorong Pelita
,
Thomson
;
1°22′58.8″ N
,
103°49′17.3″ E
;
31 Jul. 2020
; yeehwa leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55005657
•
1 juvenile
;
North
;
1°22′5.9″ N
,
103°46′52.1″ E
;
1 Aug. 2020
;
S.G. Wen
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55005954
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°23′49.1″ N
,
103°48′13″ E
;
2 Aug. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55122889
•
1 juvenile
;
Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve
;
1°26′46.2″ N
,
103°43′39.7″ E
;
2 Aug. 2020
;
K. Well
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55167429
•
1 ♂
;
Botanic Gardens
,
Holland Village
;
1°18′28.8″ N
,
103°49′3″ E
;
3 Aug. 2020
;
pb1785
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55235146
•
1 ♂
;
Aft Tagore Drive
;
1°23′5.78″ N
,
103°49′14.9″ E
;
8 Aug. 2020
;
lcwoo
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/55762965
•
1 juvenile
;
Bukit Drive
,
Bukit Timah
;
1°20′54.5″ N
,
103°46′29.8″ E
;
2 Aug. 2020
;
gcynature
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56017697
•
1 ♂
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°20′44.7″ N
,
103°50′10.1″ E
;
8 Aug. 2020
;
T.Z. Wan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56103224
•
1 juvenile
;
Andrews Avenue
,
Sembawang
;
1°27′26.8″N
,
103°50′21.1″E
;
11Aug.2020
;
K.Well
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/56116568
•
1 ♀
;
Mandai
;
1°25′3.5″ N
,
103°47′27.8″ E
;
16 Aug. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56602046
•
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°23′50.7″ N
,
103°48′20.3″ E
;
16 Aug. 2020
;
kangmin
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56625952
•
1 juvenile
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°21′2.5″ N
,
103°46′44.2″ E
;
3 Aug. 2020
;
T.Z. Wan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56827799
•
1 juvenile
; Admiralty
West Park Connector
,
Woodlands
;
1°27′4.4″ N
,
103°46′48″ E
;
18 Aug. 2020
;
M. Farook
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/56946793
•
1 ♀
;
Lower Peirce Reservoir
;
1°22′12.3″ N
,
103°49′23.1″ E
;
21 Aug. 2020
;
G. Lim
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57110204
•
1 ♀
;
Bukit Batok East Avenue
2,
Bukit Batok Nature Park Playground
;
1°20′59.3″ N
,
103°45′49″ E
;
22 Aug. 2020
;
V. Lim
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57189865
•
1 juvenile
;
Bukit Batok
;
1°20′58.6″ N
,
103°45′51.6″ E
;
22 Aug. 2020
;
V. Lim
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57191688
•
1 ♂
;
Lim Chu Kang
;
1°25′7.5″ N
,
103°43′15.6″ E
;
23 Aug. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57315540
•
1 ♀
;
Lower Peirce Reservoir Park
;
1°22′23″ N
,
103°49′26.8″ E
;
23 Aug. 2020
;
darkendaltrax
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57315659
•
1 ♀
;
Upper Seletar Reservoir Park
;
1°24′3.20″ N
,
103°48′25.3″ E
;
23 Aug. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57317179
•
1 juvenile
;
1°20′46.7″ N
,
103°53′9.63″ E
;
23 Aug. 2020
;
lowch
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57318298
•
1 ♀
;
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
;
1°21′51.1″ N
,
103°46′33.2″ E
;
24 Aug. 2020
;
noahartpradid
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57429535
•
1 ♂
;
Lower Peirce Reservoir
;
1°22′12.3″ N
,
103°49′23.1″ E
;
29 Aug. 2020
;
G. Lim
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/57916937
•
1 ♀
;
Lim Chu Kang
;
1°25′1.2″ N
,
103°43′32.3″ E
;
3 Aug. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58007762
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Upper Thomson Road
;
1°23′7.4″N
,
103°49′15.6″E
;
10Jul.2020
;
C. Tong
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/58179315
•
1 ♂
;
Sungei Kadut
;
1°25′24.8″ N
,
103°45′19.8″ E
;
18 Aug. 2020
;
S. Hui
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58230167
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Champions Golf Course
,
Bukit Timah
;
1°20′24.1″ N
,
103°47′54.6″ E
;
28 Aug. 2020
;
noahartpradid
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58407499
•
1 ♀
;
Ang Mo Kio
;
1°22′52.5″ N
,
103°49′16.8″ E
;
6 Sep. 2020
;
lowch
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58680372
•
1 juvenile
;
Zhenghua Park
;
1°22′36.2″ N
,
103°46′34.8″ E
;
6 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58696289
•
1 ♀
;
1°21′49.2″ N
,
103°46′19.8″ E
;
7 Sep. 2020
;
kei_y
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58931194
•
1 ♀
;
1°21′50.2″ N
,
103°46′36.1″ E
;
1 Sep. 2020
;
kei_y
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58931653
•
1 juvenile
;
Bef Mandai Road
;
1°24′37.2″ N
,
103°46′41.8″ E
;
4 Sep. 2020
;
T.Z. Wan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/58957627
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Dairy Farm Nature Park
;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
9 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59036868
•
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°22′16.5″ N
,
103°46′46.2″ E
;
9 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59038833
•
1 juvenile
;
Upper Seletar Reservoir Park
;
1°24′3.20″ N
,
103°48′25.3″ E
;
11 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59209460
•
1 ♀
;
Novena
;
1°20′13.9″ N
,
103°49′36.8″ E
;
29 Aug. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59402675
•
1 ♂
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°23′47.7″ N
,
103°48′12.1″ E
;
13 Sep. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59419512
•
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°23′48.8″ N
,
103°48′13.1″ E
;
13 Sep. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59419728
•
1 ♀
;
1°23′5.28″ N
,
103°49′21.3″ E
;
15 Sep. 2020
;
kei_y
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59666269
•
1 ♂
;
1°22′56.7″ N
,
103°49′16.8″ E
;
15 Sep. 2020
;
kei_y
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/59666275
•
1 ♀
;
Champions Golf Course
,
Bukit Timah
;
1°20′28.3″N
,
103°47′53.7″E
;
16Sep.2020
;
noahartpradid
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/59759002
•
1 ♀
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°21′44.3″ N
,
103°46′36.1″ E
;
20 Sep. 2020
;
M. Nasry
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60171530
•
1 ♂
;
Upper Seletar Reservoir Park
;
1°24′3.20″ N
,
103°48′25.3″ E
;
19 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60189103
•
1 ♀
;
Kranji Marshes
,
Neo Tiew Lane
2;
1°25′0.80″ N
,
103°43′35.7″ E
;
20 Sep. 2020
;
mingwei
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60196972
•
1 ♀
;
1°19′14.3″ N
,
103°40′42.2″ E
;
20 Sep. 2020
;
prakashbr
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60402098
•
1 ♂
;
Dairy Farm Nature Park
;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
24 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60596693
•
1 ♂
;
Block
265;
1°20′59.7″ N
,
103°45′35.1″ E
;
25 Sep. 2020
;
yq_1810
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60696154
•
1 ♂
;
Tanglin
;
1°19′11.3″ N
,
103°48′54.3″ E
;
26 Sep. 2020
;
scarlett26
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60807200
•
1 juvenile
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°21′22.6″ N
,
103°46′56.7″ E
;
26 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60811750
•
1 ♀
;
Dairy Farm Nature Park
;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
26 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60817045
•
1 juvenile
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°21′14.6″ N
,
103°46′37″ E
;
27 Sep. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60972069
•
1 ♀
;
Thomson Nature Park
;
1°23′7.5″ N
,
103°49′15.6″ E
;
1 Oct. 2020
;
G. Lim
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61387731
•
1 ♂
;
Queenstown
;
1°17′6.70″ N
,
103°47′29″ E
;
6 Oct. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61843628
•
1 ♀
;
Thomson Nature Park
;
1°22′53.3″ N
,
103°49′20.1″ E
;
4 Oct. 2020
;
patricialorenz
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61869845
•
1 ♂
; 100
Dairy Farm Road
, 679057;
1°21′42.7″ N
,
103°46′31.1″ E
;
9 Oct. 2020
;
C. Tong
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/62099010
•
1 ♂
;
Tanglin
,
Swan Lake
;
1°18′28.5″ N
,
103°48′55.2″ E
;
11 Oct. 2020
;
L.J. Yi
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62263904
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Botanic Gardens
;
1°18′49.7″ N
,
103°48′57.2″ E
;
11 Oct. 2020
;
lcwoo
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62384745
•
1 ♂
;
Holland Village
;
1°19′50.5″ N
,
103°46′52.7″ E
;
13 Oct. 2020
;
geledek
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62453318
•
1 juvenile
;
Unnamed Road
;
1°26′31.8″ N
,
103°44′9″ E
;
13 Oct. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/62472505
•
1 ♂
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°22′24.8″ N
,
103°49′27.8″ E
;
16 Oct. 2020
;
Y. Jun
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62719526
•
1 ♂
;
Yio Chu Kang
;
1°24′7.06″ N
,
103°49′4.78″ E
;
17 Oct. 2020
;
M. Ng
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62797963
•
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°23′58.7″ N
,
103°48′28.6″ E
;
18 Oct. 2020
;
S.K. Yung
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62877098
•
1 ♂
;
HortPark
;
1°16′43.5″ N
,
103°48′6.56″ E
;
18 Oct. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62896486
•
1 ♀
;
Kent Ridge Park
;
1°17′2″ N
,
103°47′28.6″ E
;
18 Oct. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/62898852
•
1 ♂
;
Woodlands
;
1°26′59.6″ N
,
103°46′43.2″ E
;
19 Oct. 2020
;
Y. Jun
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63007200
•
1 ♀
;
Holland Village
;
1°19′49.8″ N
,
103°46′53″ E
;
20 Oct. 2020
;
irwin88
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63062077
•
1 ♀
;
Holland Village
;
1°20′2.78″ N
,
103°46′53.7″ E
;
20 Oct. 2020
;
rocherussel
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63062082
•
1 ♀
;
Holland Village
;
1°19′50.3″ N
,
103°46′52.8″ E
;
20 Oct. 2020
;
khim99
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63062122
•
1 ♀
;
Bukit Timah Road
,
Holland Village
;
1°20′8″ N
,
103°46′53.2″ E
;
20 Oct. 2020
;
i328026
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63062126
•
1 ♀
;
BukitTimah
;
1°19′33.5″N
,
103°46′51.5″E
;
20Oct.2020
;
kangmin
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/63076249
•
1 ♂
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°21′18.5″ N
,
103°47′49.8″ E
;
23 Oct. 2020
;
C. Tong
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63332336
•
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°21′18.5″ N
,
103°47′49.8″ E
;
23 Oct. 2020
;
C. Tong
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63332337
•
1 ♀
;
Novena
;
1°20′7.20″ N
,
103°49′43.2″ E
;
22 Oct. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63354764
•
1 ♂
,
2 ♀♀
;
Novena
;
1°20′7.78″ N
,
103°49′43.2″ E
;
22 Oct. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63354765
•
1 ♀
;
Novena
;
1°20′7.70″ N
,
103°49′41.1″ E
;
18 Oct. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63357376
•
1 ♂
;
Novena
;
1°20′8.8″ N
,
103°49′44.2″ E
;
18 Oct. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.;iNaturalist.org/observations/63357384
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Central Water Catchment
;
1°23′55.5″ N
,
103°46′40.1″ E
;
23 Oct. 2020
;
M. Finlay
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63371589
•
1 juvenile
;
Kent Ridge Park
;
1°17′2″ N
,
103°47′28.6″ E
;
24 Oct. 2020
;
S. Chan
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63383652
•
1 ♂
;
Kent Ridge Park
,
Pasir Panjang
;
1°16′54.7″ N
,
103°47′33.7″ E
;
14 Oct. 2020
; skm3355 leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63400835
•
1 juvenile
;
Hindhede Nature Park
;
1°20′56.1″ N
,
103°46′32.6″ E
;
25 Oct. 2020
;
lcwoo
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63466017
•
1 ♂
;
Aft WʼLands Waterfront Park
;
1°27′2.89″ N
,
103°46′47″ E
;
29 Oct. 2020
;
S.G. Wen
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63750085
•
1?
;
Bukit Panjang
;
1°21′37.7″ N
,
103°46′37.3″ E
;
30 Oct. 2020
;
M. Nasry
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/63878925
•
1 ♂
,
1 ♀
;
Thomson Nature Park
;
1°23′7.5″ N
,
103°49′15.6″ E
;
12 Jul. 2020
;
G. Lim
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/52933922
•
1 ♂
;
Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve
;
1°26′53.1″ N
,
103°43′28.5″ E
;
28 Dec. 2013
;
T.K. Hui
leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/
19011702
.
Description
Habitus similar to
N. vittatus
(
Figs 7E
,
23A–D
): vertex black with cream-coloured margin around eyes (
Fig. 11F
). Fastigium velvety black with cream-coloured margins. Scapes dark red brown to black (particularly on dorso-inner margins). Antennae black with wide whitish rings. Frons and mouthparts most often yellow with a few dark spots (
Fig. 10F
). Maxillary palpi cream-coloured, apical segment black apically. Head lateral side yellow, with a wide black band posterior to eye (
Fig. 12F
). Pronotum covered with white setae; dorsal disk dark red brown to black (
Fig. 11F
); lateral lobes of pronotum dorsal third black, vivid yellow ventrally (cream-coloured in preserved specimens) (
Fig. 12F
). Legs dark orange brown. FIIIs brown, knees dark brown to black; TIIIs brown with black spines and spurs, dark brown to black near distal end; tarsomeres dark brown to black. Hindwings hyaline brown apically, transparent basally; longer than FWs, forming a dark brown tail exceeding FWs for more than twice the length of pronotum. Tergites red brown, with a pale band laterally; sternites pale, with a red brown median area. Cerci red brown, lighter dorsally.
Fig. 23. A–D
.
Nisitrus malaya
Robillard & Tan
sp. nov.
E–H
.
N. vittatus
(
Haan, 1844
)
. Adult ♂♂ (A–B, E–F) and ♀♀ (C–D, G–H) in their natural environment. Photograph credit: Ming Kai Tan.
Male
FOREWINGS. FW colouration (
Fig. 13E
): dorsal field cells mostly transparent, veins mostly dark brown to black. Basal FW area black (instead of cream-coloured or brown as in
N. vittatus
), with a relatively small cream-coloured patch basally. R black (instead of cream-coloured as in
N. vittatus
), Sc projections cream-coloured basally, black apically. Apex of dorsal field somewhat truncated. Lateral field dark. FW venation (
Fig. 13E
): 1A curved, slightly angulated. Harp slightly longer than wide, with 3 oblique veins, basal one bifurcated distally, distal one bifurcated basally. c1 long and wide, c2 diamond-shaped; mirror (d1) longer than wide, not rounded, generally separated into two parts by a distinct transverse vein, the posterior part nearly rectangular, shorter than anterior part. Cell d2 narrower than d1. Anal-most and middle chords narrow and nearly parallel; basal-most chord extending from basal half of middle chord. Apical field short and rounded, with 3 wide cell alignments posterior to mirror and a narrow apical alignment; veins cream-coloured. Lateral field with 5 projections of Sc. Epiproct black. Subgenital plate pale cream-coloured with median area and anterior and posterior margins black.
GENITALIA. Very similar to
N. vittatus
(
Fig. 16E
) but differ by pseudepiphallus faintly less robust and broad, anterior margin more strongly concave. Rami more strongly curved.
Fig. 24.
Nymphs in their natural environment.
A–C
.
Nisitrus malaya
Robillard & Tan
sp. nov.
D–F
.
N. vittatus
(
Haan, 1844
)
. Photograph credit: Ming Kai Tan.
Table 8.
Measurements of
Nisitrus malaya
Robillard & Tan
sp. nov.
(in mm, means in brackets).
PronL
|
PronW
|
FWL
|
FWW
|
HWT
|
FIIIL
|
FIIIW
|
TIIIL
|
Male holotype |
1.8 |
2.7 |
10.2 |
3.4 |
6.6 |
13.6 |
2.5 |
12.9 |
Males (n = 5) |
1.7–2.1 (1.9) |
2.7–3.4 (3) |
7.9–9.9 (8.9) |
3.1–3.7 (3.4) |
3.6–6.3 (5.2) |
11.3–13.3 (12.6) |
1.9–2.7 (2.4) |
9.7–13.1 (11.8) |
Females (n = 5) |
1.7–2.2 (2.0) |
2.5–3.1 (2.8) |
9.2–10.6 (9.9) |
3.2–3.4 (3.3) |
5.3–6.8 (6.2) |
12.6–14.2 (13.3) |
2.2–3.0 (2.6) |
11.3–13.6 (12.6) |
Ias
|
Dorsal spines of TIII
Ibs
Oas
|
Obs
|
TaIIIs
|
OL
|
Male holotype |
14 |
2 |
19 |
2–4 |
2 |
– |
Males (n = 5) |
12–15 (14) |
2–3 |
19–21 (20) |
2–4 |
2–3 |
– |
Females (n = 5) |
13 (13) |
1–3 |
17 (17) |
2–5 |
2–3 |
11.1–13.7 (12.3) |
Female
FOREWINGS. FW colouration (
Fig. 14F
): cells black, veins generally cream-coloured. Without distinct longitudinal white stripe around region of CuA, M and R with distinct margin from black colouration on dorsal field; Sc projections cream-coloured basally, black apically. Lateral field dark. FW venation: 6–7 strong longitudinal veins on dorsal field; lateral field with 6 projections of Sc.
GENITALIA. Ovipositor about as long as FIII. Copulatory papilla conical, small and stout; apex folded ventrally, short, pointed; dorsal face with a sclerotized area; ventro-anterior end forming a truncated lobule (
Fig. 17J–K
).
Juvenile
(
Fig. 24 A–C
)
Differing from that of
N. vittatus
by darker colouration, usually grey, never as white as
N. vittatus
. Stripes on head similar to
N. vittatus
but sometimes very faint; pronotum dorsal disk homogeneously dark grey, without longitudinal stripes; sometimes with a large velvety black spot. Legs grey with dark stripes, but stripes not as distinct as in
N. vittatus
. Abdominal tergites dark grey, their posterior margins thinly lined with yellow, not forming a pattern of transverse stripes. In some individuals, first and second abdominal tergites with a particularly dark (black), velvety band.
Measurements
See
Table 8
.
Ecology
This species can be found among shrubs and herbaceous plants (but not grasses) (
Fig. 27
). The adults and nymphs from
Singapore
and
Malaysia
(previously reported as
N. vittatus
) have been reported to feed on the flower parts of a varieties of native (e.g.,
Dillenia suffruticosa
(Griff.) Martelli
) and exotic weedy (e.g.,
Lantana camara
L.) plant species (
Tan
et al.
2017
). They also feed on the foliages of understory plants such as
Piper sarmentosum
Roxb.
(
Fig. 27
). In
Singapore
,
N. malaya
sp. nov.
can be found abundantly in the understory where
Piper sarmentosum
dominates.
Distribution
Malay Peninsula (
Singapore
and Peninsular
Malaysia
[northern limit at the state of
Penang
]) (
Fig. 5
).
Type locality
Singapore
.
Calling song
(
Singapore
, n =
4 males
, 20 echemes; MNHN-SO-2851–2854) (
Fig. 25A–C
)
At 27.3°C, the calling song consists of bouts of highly variable length, ranging from a few seconds to several minutes. Each bout is composed of short echemes made of triplets of syllables; echeme duration is 32.3 ± 2.8 ms (29.0–37.56 ms); echeme period is 64.5± 4.3 ms (59.5–75.5 ms); downtime between consecutive echemes is 32.1 ±4.4 ms (24.3–41.3 ms). Durations for the first to third syllables of the triplet are as follows: 6.1 ±1.5 ms (3.7–8.0 ms), 6.7 ± 2.7 ms (2.5–10.6 ms) and 5.8± 2.9 ms (3.0–11.2 ms). Call spectrum consists of a series of harmonics with three distinct peaks in the first three harmonics: first harmonic (fundamental frequency) at 7.35± 1.28 kHz (6.201–9.39 kHz), which is also the dominant frequency; second harmonic at 13.33± 1.01 kHz (12.23–15.07 kHz); third harmonic at 18.88 ±0.77 kHz (17.23–20.07 kHz).
Fig. 25.
Acoustics of
Nisitrus malaya
Robillard & Tan
sp. nov.
(A–C) and
N. vittatus
(
Haan, 1844
)
(D–F).
A, D
. Series of echemes.
B, F.
One echeme.
C, F
. Spectral plot of one echeme.
Remarks
We split the species previously recognised as
N. vittatus
into two distinct species after integrating evidence from general and nymphal colouration, female genitalia morphology, acoustics, DNA (12S sequence) and distribution. In terms of adult morphology, the new species is very similar to
N. vittatus
in habitus, other than being darker in colouration. The male genitalia are not always distinguishable between these species; but the sclerotization of the female genitalia can be differentiated. However, the colour patterns in the nymphs are drastically different. Likewise, a multivariate analysis of the call properties also showed distinct calling songs. The 12S gene tree also demonstrates that the two species form distinct clades. Lastly, the new species occurs in Malay Peninsula whereas
N. vittatus
occurs in Borneo and
Sumatra
. Integrating these pieces of evidence indicates that
N. vittatus
and
N. malaya
sp. nov.
are indeed separate species having probably diverged recently, despite the similarities in adult habitus and male genitalia.