Taxonomic Studies on Australian Psammoecus Latreille (Coleoptera, Silvanidae, Brontinae)
Author
Karner, Michael
48E64F07-CDD3-4B4B-9C9A-24CBFCBBCB3D
Voluntary Scientist, Sektion Entomologie I, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D- 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
michael.karner@senckenberg.de
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2020
2020-11-12
723
135
158
journal article
10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1149
2118-9773
4271752
9EF35D01-815A-4DD0-8AC2-CC65E19B81B4
Psammoecus cruciger
(
Waterhouse, 1876
)
Fig. 1
Telephanus cruciger
Waterhouse, 1876: 125
.
Psammoecus upsilon
Blackburn, 1903: 155
.
Psammoecus cephalotes
Grouvelle, 1919: 20
.
Psammoecus cruciger
–
Grouvelle 1908: 476
. —
Arrow 1927: 44
. —
Hetschko 1930: 82
.
Psammoecus cephalotes
–
Arrow 1927: 44
. —
Hetschko 1930: 82
. —
Pal 1985: 41
.
Psammoecus upsilon
–
Arrow 1927: 44
.
Psammoecus ypsilon
–
Hetschko 1930: 82
. —
Pal 1985: 41
(misspellings).
non
Psammoecus trimaculatus
–
Grouvelle 1908: 476
(misidentification). —
Pal 1985: 41
.
Diagnosis
The following combination of character states distinguishes this species: body oval (
Fig. 1A
) length
1.97– 2.73 mm
; eyes (
Fig. 1B
) large, evenly rounded; temples distinct, narrowed evenly immediately behind eyes; frontal grooves flat, slightly curved, short, reaching anterior fifth of eyes; antennae stout (
Fig. 1C
), antennomere 6 sometimes slightly darkened, antennomeres 7–10 distinctly darkened, antennomere 11 whitish yellow; punctation on head and pronotal disc dense, microsculpture absent, punctures round, somewhat smaller than an eye facet diameter, pubescence on head and pronotum moderate; pronotum (
Fig. 1B
) widest at anterior third, pronotal punctation moderate, punctures widened, about as wide as eye facet diameter, lateral pronotal margins with four, sometimes only three teeth of moderate size, anterior and posterior denticles present, small; elytra (
Fig. 1A
) widest at middle, elytra with piceous maculae: wide band near middle, posterior half of suture and elytral apex darkened, humeral area often slightly to distinctly darkened; elytral pubescence short, longer setae along anterior half of interstice between 9
th
and 11
th
stria; male genitalia (
Fig. 1
D–F) moderately sclerotised, with short, blunt median lobe that bears distinct, complex sclerotizations in apical part of internal sac, parameres short, bearing three distinct, long setae, parameres fused with tegmen, inner margins fused medially at flat angle, almost forming arc.
Material examined
Types
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
•
♀
,
holotype
of
Telephanus cruciger
Waterhouse, 1876
; Dory; “Type” [round label with red border]; “59 58. Dory. | New Guinea”; “
Telephanus
|
cruciger
, | (Type) C.Waterh.”. [59– 58 refers to 703
Coleoptera
specimens collected by Alfred Russel Wallace in Dory, New Guinea, and puchased by
NHMUK
from Stevens’ Auction House in 1859 (M.V.L. Barclay pers. comm.)];
NHMUK
.
AUSTRALIA
•
♀
,
holotype
of
Psammoecus upsilon
Blackburn, 1903
(=
P. ypsilon
sensu
Hetschko 1930
); [Northern
Queensland
?]; “T. | 7223 | N. Qv [?]” [written on mounting label, last line in red ink]; “Type | H. T.” [round label with red border]; “
Psammoecus
|
upsilon
, Blackb.
”; “Australia. | Blackburn Coll. | B.M. 1910–236.”;
NHMUK
.
AUSTRALIA
•
♀
,
holotype
of
Psammoecus cephalotes
Grouvelle, 1919
;
Port Darwin
; “
Type
” [round label with red border]; “Port Darwin. | 92–2.”; “4716”; “
Psammoecus
|
cephalotes
|
G. Grouv
” [Grouvelle’s hand];
NHMUK
.
Other material
AUSTRALIA
–
Queensland
–
Cairns
•
3 specs
;
Aug. 1947
;
ANIC
•
4 specs
;
ANIC
•
6 specs
;
Sep. 1949
;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
;
16°55′ S
,
145°46′ E
;
26 Jan. 1938
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
18 Apr.–14 May 1965
;
Brooks
leg.; at indoor light;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
;
25 Mar. 1965
;
Balogh
leg.;
HNHM
•
1 spec.
;
Little Mulgrave National Park
;
16 Dec. 1967
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
;
Russell River
Xing;
17°26′ S
,
145°54′ E
;
11 Jun. 1992
;
Reid
leg.; weedy rainforest, beating
Hibiscus
;
ANIC
•
10 specs
;
Edge Hill
;
16°55′ S
,
145°46′ E
;
9 Aug. 1968
;
Balogh
and
Loksa
leg.;
HNHM
. –
Cassowary Coast Region
•
1 spec.
;
Cardstone
;
1 Jan. 1966
;
Hyde
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
2 Feb. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
6 specs
; same locality;
10–13 Mar. 1966
;
Hyde
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
14 Nov. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
4 specs
; same locality;
15 Nov. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
16 Nov. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
2 specs
; same data as for preceding;
MKF
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
19 Nov. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
28 Nov. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
1–2 Dec. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
5–6 Dec. 1966
;
Brooks
leg.;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
20 Jan. 1967
;
Hyde
leg.;
ANIC
•
4 specs
;
Hinchinbrook Island
,
Gayundah Creek
;
8–9 Nov. 1984
;
Marks
leg.;
light trap
;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same locality;
15–17 Nov. 1984
;
Marks
leg.;
light trap
;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
;
Innisfail
,
Seymour Range
;
6 Nov. 1966
;
Britton
leg.;
rainforest at light
;
ANIC
.
–
Mackay Region
•
4 specs
;
Finch Hatton
,
Cattle Ck Xing
;
9 Jun. 1992
;
Reid
leg.;
beaten from flowering
Eucalyptus
;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
;
Bucasia
;
3 Jan. 2007
;
Sandery
leg.;
ANIC
. –
Shire of Cook
•
1 spec.
;
Iron Range National Park
,
Mount Tozer
;
12°43′ S
,
143°17′ E
;
5–10 Jul. 1986
;
Weir
and
Calder
leg.; at light;
ANIC
. –
Shire of Douglas
•
1 spec.
;
Daintree
;
29 Oct. 1966
;
Britton
leg.;
dead leaves edge of rainforest
;
ANIC
•
1 spec.
; same data as for preceding;
MKF
. –
Shire of Mareeba
•
1 spec.
;
Kuranda
;
16°49′ S
,
145°38′ E
;
24 Nov. 1964
;
Brooks
leg.; at light;
ANIC
.
MALAYSIA
•
2 specs
;
Sarawak
,
W Kuching
,
Mt Matang
;
Dec. 1913
;
Bryant
leg.;
NHMUK
•
1 spec.
; same data as for preceding;
MKF
.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
•
1 spec.
;
NE Madang
,
Gogol River
;
17 Sep. 1969
;
Balogh
leg.;
HNHM
•
1 spec.
;
Western Province
,
SE Kiunga
;
23 Jul.–2 Aug. 1969
;
Balogh
leg.;
HNHM
.
Distribution
Psammoecus cruciger
has been found in
Australia
(
Queensland
),
Malaysia
and
Papua New Guinea
.
Fig. 1.
Psammoecus cruciger
(
Waterhouse, 1876
)
.
A–C
. Holotype, ♀ (NHMUK).
A
. Habitus.
B
. Head and pronotum.
C
. Left antenna.
D–F
. Specimen from Queensland, ♂ (ANIC).
D
. Aedeagus, ventral view.
E
. Parameres, ventral view.
F
. Median lobe, dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm; E–F = 0.1 mm.
Remarks
Grouvelle (1908)
erroneously synonymised
P. cruciger
with
P. trimaculatus
Motschulsky, 1858
. In his revision of Indian
Psammoecus
,
Pal (1985)
agreed with this, treating
P. upsilon
(“
P. ypsilon
”
) and
P. cephalotes
as “probable synonyms” of
P. trimaculatus
.
Arrow (1927)
did not adopt Grouvelle’s synonymization of
P. cruciger
with
P. trimaculatus
. Instead, he regarded
P. upsilon
and
P. cephalotes
as junior synonyms of
P. cruciger
. Examination of
type
material confirmed the synonymy according to Arrow. There are few similarities to
P. trimaculatus
; the structure of the male genitalia indicates a very close relationship to
P. simonis
Grouvelle, 1882
. Both
P. trimaculatus
and
P. simonis
were redescribed by
Yoshida & Hirowatari (2014)
.