Taking a closer look: an SEM review of Levinsenia species (Polychaeta: Paraonidae) reported from California Author Lovell, Lawrence L. Author Fitzhugh, Kirk text Zootaxa 2020 2020-03-17 4751 2 257 275 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4751.2.3 13301a8f-3060-4f1b-9743-b55303c84a48 1175-5326 3713075 D0ADB14D-1A73-4325-859F-570EA2042F23 Levinsenia multibranchiata ( Hartman, 1957 ) Figures 4 A–D, 7D Paraonis multibranchiata Hartman, 1957: 332–333 ; 1969: 79–80 , Fig. 1 . Tauberia multibranchiata . Strelzov, 1973: 135–136 , Figs 11(1), 59. Levinsenia multibranchiata . Blake, 1996: 36 , Fig. 2.3. FIGURE 4. Levinsenia multibranchiata ( Hartman, 1957 ) , paratype AHF-LACM POLY 648, adult: (A) prostomium with palpode, nuchal organs, dorsal view; (B) branchial region, dorsal view; (C) notopodial glandular pores, lateral view; (D) acicular neurochaetae with fibrils, lateral view. Abbreviations: no, nuchal organ; pa, palpode; pl, post-chaetal lobe; sp, sensory pores. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, 300 µm; C, 20 µm; D, 30 µm. Material examined. USA , California , Santa Barbara County , Santa Barbara Channel Basin , 18.0 miles bearing 135° True from Point Conception Light , 34°14’10’’N , 120°12’45’’W , 502.9 m depth , green mud, Hayward orange peel grab, R / V Velero IV , Sta. 3731-55, coll. Allan Hancock Foundation , 12 December 1955 , 14 paratypes (one specimen mounted on SEM stub) ( LACM-AHF POLY 648 ) .— Orange County , Huntington Beach , OCSD NPDES Survey 9270, Sta. C2, rep. 5, 33°36.12’N , 117°56.02’W , 56 m depth, 0.1 m ² Van Veen grab, 1.0 mm sieve, 1 specimen ( LACM-AHF 12578 ); survey 9382, Sta. C 2, rep. 1 , 33°36.12’N , 117°56.02’W , 56 m depth, 0.1 m ² Van Veen grab, 1.0 mm sieve, 12 specimens ( LACM-AHF 12579 ); survey 9279, Sta. C 2, rep. 3 , 33°36.12’N , 117°56.02’W , 56 m depth, 0.1 m ² Van Veen grab, 1.0 mm sieve, 20 specimens ( LACM-AHF 12580 ); survey 9279, Sta. C 2, rep. 5 , 33°36.12’N , 117°56.02’W , 56 m depth, 0.1 m ² Van Veen grab, 1.0 mm sieve, 2 specimens ( LACM-AHF 12581 ); survey 95109, Sta. C 2, rep. 1 , 33°36.12’N , 117°56.02’W , 56 m depth, 0.1 m ² Van Veen grab, 1.0 mm sieve, 1 specimen ( LACM-AHF 12582 ) .— San Diego County , Carlsbad , Encina Treatment Plant NPDES Survey 9344, Sta. R2 , rep. 1, ~ 33°07.57’N , 117°20.69’W , 46 m depth, 0.1 m ² Van Veen grab, 1.0 mm sieve, 1 specimen ( LACM-AHF 12583 ); survey 9344, Sta. R2 , rep. 3, ~ 33°07.57’N , 117°20.69’W , 46 m depth, 0.1 m ² Van Veen grab, 1.0 mm sieve, 1 specimen ( LACM-AHF 12584 ) . Description. Specimens up to 30 mm long, 0.15–0.25 mm wide. Thorax slightly inflated in prebranchial chaetigers, rounded in cross section thereafter. Body tan. Prostomium conical, wider than long; poorly-developed terminal sensory organ; pair of ciliated peristomial nuchal organs; median antenna absent ( Fig. 4A ). Branchiae begin on chaetigers 7–8, 20–36 pairs; thin, tapering, five times longer than wide ( Fig. 4B ); cilia present on lateral edges, with connecting transverse dorsal bands of short cilia. Notopodial post-chaetal lobes papilla-like on chaetiger 1, digitate in branchiate region, shorter post-branchial. Notopodial sensory pores ( Fig. 4C ) present on all segments. Neuropodial post-chaetal lobes absent. Noto- and neuropodial capillary chaetae from chaetiger 1. Acicular neurochaetae, 5–7 per fascicle, begin post-branchial; each spine slightly curved, tapering and thinner distally, with fringe of fibrils on convex margin; spines alternating with capillary chaetae ( Fig. 4D ). Pygidium with dorsal anal pore, mid-ventral lobe, two short anal cirri. Methyl green stain. None present ( Fig. 7D ). Type locality. Southern California , Santa Barbara Basin . Distribution. Southern and Central California , 45–540 m deep. Remarks. Levinsenia multibranchiata is readily distinguished from other SCB species by the more numerous and elongate branchiae. For information on diagnostic character differences, see the dichotomous key and Table 2 .