Zagrammosoma triangulum Perry, 2021

Perry, Ryan K. & Heraty, John M., 2021, Read between the lineata: A revision of the tattooed wasps, Zagrammosoma Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with descriptions of eleven new species, Zootaxa 4916 (1), pp. 1-108 : 93-95

Zagrammosoma triangulum Perry n. sp.

( Fig. 42 )

Diagnosis. Zagrammosoma triangulum is most easily identified by the triangular shape of the infuscation on the fore wing disc ( Fig. 42C ). The gaster color pattern is also unique to this species ( Fig. 42D ), with the dark pattern concentrated along the midline dorsally. This species is most easily confused with Z. americanum and Z. multilineatum , which have similar mesosomal color patterns ( Figs 4D & 44D ), but in these 2 species the fore wing patterns ( Figs 4C & 34C ) and gaster patterns ( Figs 4D & 34D ) are not easily confused with that of Z. triangulum . Additionally, the intermediate setae are absent in Z. triangulum ( Fig. 42D ) and present in Z. americanum ( Fig. 4E ).

Description. Female: body length = 2.24–2.56mm. Metallic luster on body absent. Scape with dark stripe present dorsally. Lower face with median stripe absent or present. Vertex with 2 stripes above compound eye. Gena posteriorly with dark stripes below compound eye. Occiput with two dark, vertical stripes. Pronotum with median stripe complete or interrupted; laterally with 2 black stripes. Prepectus yellow with dark stripe along dorsal margin. Mesoscutellum with two or three dark lines. Propodeum yellow with black median carina, anterior and posterior margins, and diagonal line connecting anterior and posterior margins. Fore wing: basal band absent; cubital band absent or present; parastigmal band present, with perpendicular extension less than or greater than that of the stigmal vein; stigmal band present, with perpendicular extension greater than that of the stigmal vein; postmarginal band present, with perpendicular extension greater than that of the stigmal vein, but less than 75% of fore wing width; apical band absent; connections from basal band to parastigmal band, from parastigmal band to stigmal band absent, and from stigmal band to postmarginal band absent. Hind wing hyaline. Procoxa and mesocoxa uniformly yellow. Hindcoxa uniformly yellow or basally with black stripe. Profemur and mesofemur uniformly yellow. Metafemur uniformly yellow or with interrupted stripe dorsally. Gaster yellow with dark median stripe and transverse stripes.

Upper ocular sulcus present, but often very faint. Pedicel longer than wide. Funiculars symmetrical: first longer than wide (w:l = 0.85); second wider than long (w:l = 1.2–1.4).

Pronotum, in dorsal view, bell-shaped, wider than long (w:l = 1.61–1.86); 3–4 pairs of setae along posterior margin. Mesoscutum reticulate; small, scattered setae present; intermediary setae absent. Mesoscutellum wider than long (w:l = 1.06–1.11); submedian grooves on scutellum present, sometimes faint and shallow. Hind tibial spurs distinctly shorter than basitarsus. Hind basitarsus shorter than 2nd tarsomere (bst:2nd = 0.72–0.88).

Fore wing w:l = 2.24–2.56; submarginal vein with 5–6 setae dorsally. Basal fold setose. Cubital fold setose. Admarginal setae present. Uncus originating on stigma by more than own length from stigmal apex.

Male - unknown.

Remarks. While this species resembles Z. americanum and Z. multilineatum , Z. triangulum is confirmed as distinct in the molecular analysis ( Fig. 2 ). The fore wing patterns may be slightly lighter in color than those shown in Fig. 42C , but the triangular shape remains constant.

Hosts. Unknown.

Distribution. Nearctic: USA (CA, NV, UT) ( Fig. 43 ).

Etymology. Named for the triangular-shaped infuscation on the fore wing.

Type material. Holotype: USA: California: San Bernardino Co., E of 29 Palms, Hwy. 62 at Nablee Rd. , 391m, 34°07’20”N, 115°49’10”W, 17.ix.2005, G. R. Ballmer, host plant: Ambrosia dumosa [1♀, UCRC: UCRCENT132761 ], deposited at UCRC . Paratypes: USA: Nevada: Washoe Co., 2 mi. N & 1 mi. W of Nixon, 1187m, 39°51’27”N, 119°22’54”W, 27.x.1968, H. Winnemucca, host: galls, host plant: Sarcobatus vermiculatus [2♀, CASC: CASC474593 , 474594 ] . Utah: Wayne Co., 6 mi W Caineville along Freemont River , 1467m, 38°16’29”N, 111°04’49”W, 29.vi.1993, J. D. Pinto, swp [1♀, CNC: CNC508676 (D5904)]. Torrey, 1.9mi S on hwy. 12, 2038m, 38°16’39”N, 111°23’6”W, 29.vi.1993, J. D. Pinto, Salix , swp [1♀, CNC: CNC508679 (D5907)] .

Figures

FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood tree using 28S D2 & D3–5, ITS2, and COI NJ. Bootstrap values shown. The varying colors within Zagrammosoma indicate different species.

FIGURE 4. Zagrammosoma americanum, ♀: (A) head, frontolateral, (B) lateral habitus-medial darkening on hind wing artifact from point mount, (C) fore wing, dorsal, (D) dorsal habitus; (E) ♁ dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (A), 0.5m (B–E).

FIGURE 34. Zagrammosoma multilineatum, ♀: (A) head, frontolateral, (B) lateral habitus, (C) fore wing, dorsal, (D) dorsal habitus; (E) ♁ dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B–E).

FIGURE 42 Zagrammosoma triangulum n. sp., ♀: (A) head, frontolateral, (B) lateral habitus, (C) fore wing, dorsal, (D) dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B–E).

FIGURE 43 Distribution of Zagrammosoma triangulum n. sp.

FIGURE 44 Zagrammosoma trifurcatum n. sp., ♀: (A) head, frontolateral, (B) lateral habitus, (C) fore wing, dorsal, (D) dorsal habitus, inset with color variant; (E) ♁ dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B–E).