Zagrammosoma interlineatum Girault, 2021

Perry, Ryan K. & Heraty, John M., 2021, Read between the lineata: A revision of the tattooed wasps, Zagrammosoma Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with descriptions of eleven new species, Zootaxa 4916 (1), pp. 1-108 : 60-62

Zagrammosoma interlineatum Girault stat. rev.

( Fig. 23 )

Zagrammosoma interlineata Girault, 1916a: 125–126 . Holotype ♀ [examined]. Locality: USA, Washington D.C., 6.x.1880. Type depository: USNM type no. 19641 - UCRCENT471659.

Zagrammosoma interlineatum ; justified emendation by Peck, 1951: 459.

Cirrospilus interlineatus ; unjustified combination and spelling by Herting 1975: 28.

Diagnosis. Specimens of Z. interlineatum have usually been identified as Z. americanum and Z. multilineatum , as the differences between the species are slight. Zagrammosoma interlineatum lacks any dark coloration between the notaulus and anterior margin of the mesoscutum ( Fig. 23D, E ), unlike both Z. americanum ( Fig. 4D, E ) and Z. multilineatum ( Fig. 34D, E ). Zagrammosoma americanum also possesses a dark, transverse stripe underneath the posterior margin of the pronotum. The fore wing of Z. interlineatum has a subcircular dark patch posterior to the stigmal vein ( Fig. 23C ), and the pattern in Z. multilineatum resembles a “w” in shape ( Fig. 34C ). A median stripe on the lower face is present in Z. multilineatum and absent in Z. interlineatum .

Description. Female - body length 1.8–2.02 mm. Metallic luster on body absent. Scape yellow with black stripe dorsally. Lower face with median stripe absent. Vertex with 2 stripes above compound eye. Gena posteriorly with dark stripes below compound eye. Occiput yellow with 2 dark, vertical stripes. Pronotum with median strip complete; laterally with 2 dark stripes. Prepectus yellow with dark stripe along dorsal margin. Mesoscutum with median stripe complete. Mesoscutellum yellow with three dark stripes. Propodeum yellow with black median carina, anterior and posterior margins, diagonal line connecting anterior and posterior margins. Procoxa and mesocoxa yellow. Metacoxa yellow with black stripe basally. Profemur and mesofemur yellow. Metafemur yellow with interrupted stripe dorsally. Fore wing: basal and cubital bands absent; parastigmal band present, with perpendicular extension less than or equal to that of stigmal apex; stigmal band present, with perpendicular extension greater than that of the stigmal apex; postmarginal band present, with perpendicular extension across 75% or more of fore wing width; connections from parastigmal band to stigmal band absent, and from stigmal band to postmarginal band absent. Hind wing hyaline. Gaster yellow with dark median and transverse bands.

Upper ocular sulcus present. Pedicel longer than wide or subequal. Funiculars symmetrical: first longer than wide (w:l = 0.57–0.7); second longer than wide (w:l = 0.8).

Pronotum, in dorsal view, bell-shaped (w:l = 1.37–1.5); 4–5 pairs of setae along posterior margin. Mesoscutum reticulate; small, scattered setae present; intermediate setae present. Mesoscutellum wider than long (w:l = 1.05–1.16); submedian grooves present. Hind tibial spur distinctly shorter than basitarsus. Hind basitarsus subequal or longer than second tarsomere (bst:2 nd = 1.04–1.14).

Fore wing l:w = 2.37–2.48. Submarginal vein with 7–8 setae dorsally. Basal fold setose. Cubital fold setose. Admarginal setae present. Uncus originating on stigma by more than own length from stigmal apex.

Male - as female, except: body length 1.07–1.62 mm; occiput yellow, or yellow with 2 dark, stripes; postmarginal band present, with perpendicular extension greater than that of stigmal apex, but not across 75% or more of fore wing width; metafemur yellow; gaster with markings fainter than those in females.

Remarks. Gordh (1978) synonymized Z. interlineatum with Z. multilineatum due to a lack of structural characters to differentiate the two species and the color patterns falling within the range of Z. multilineatum . Girault (1916a) also mentions a metallic line on the gaster, however, there are no metallic markings on this species. Zagrammosoma interlineatum was not successfully sequenced, but the color characters are informative, most notably in the wing and mesosoma patterns, and the species status is revised.

Girault (1916a) did not designate paratypes for Z. interlineatum , but there is a series of specimens housed at the USNM with type labels bearing the number 9641 (UCRCENT471478–471481). Girault (1916a) mentions that the holotype number is 19641, and the specimens from the 9641 series agree with the holotype description.

Hosts. Reared from coleopteran, dipteran, and lepidopteran leaf miners. See Table 3. Coleoptera : Curculionidae . Diptera : Agromyzidae . Lepidoptera : Cosmopterigidae , Gelechiidae , Gracillariidae , Heliozelidae , Tischeriidae .

Distribution. Nearctic: Canada (ON), USA (AR, CA, CT, FL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, MS, NC, OH, PA, TN, VA, Washington DC) ( Fig. 24 ).

Type material examined: Paratypes: USA: Washington D.C.: 3m, 38°52’41”N, 77°00’44”W, 5.viii.1905, Quaintance, No. 1198, host: Coptotriche malifoliella [4♀, USNM: UCRCENT471478–471481 ] .

Additional material examined. CANADA: Ontario: Campbellford, 145m, 44°18’12”N, 77°47’58”W, 15.viii.1957, host: Cameraria hamadryadella [1♀, BMNH: NHMUK10370157].Campbellford, 145m, 44°18’12”N, 77°47’58”W, 8.viii.1957, host: Cameraria hamadryadella [1♀, CNC: CNC 508711]. Port Colborne, 179m, 42°53’4”N, 79°15’6”W, 10.x.1934, D. Gray [1♀, CNC: CNC 508710]. Sioux Lookout, 50°05’47”N, 91°54’50”W, 21.iv.1968, host: Lithocolletis sp [1♀, CNC: CNC 508664]. Vineland, 116m, 43°09’2”N, 79°23’37”W, 11.viii.1925, W.G. Garlick [1♀, CNC: CNC 508709]. USA: Arkansas: Johnson Co., 205m, 35°32’27”N, 93°25’55”W, 1957, L.O. Warren, host plant: Pine [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471468]. Connecticut: New Haven Co., East River, 7m, 41°17’9”N, 72°38’55”W, ix.1911, C. R. Ely, host: Antispila nysaefoliaella [1♁ 1♀ 1?, USNM: UCRCENT471470– 72]. Florida: Leon Co., Tallahassee, 30°26’18”N, 84°16’50”W, x.1985, P. Stilling, host: Stilbosis quadricustatella [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471455]. Indiana: Tippecanoe Co., West Lafayette, 190m, 40°25’52”N, 86°54’33”W, 17.viii.1966, host: Cameraria , host plant: Oak [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471469]. Kansas: Douglas Co., 2 mi. N. Baldwin, 295m, 38°48’40”N, 95°11’9”W, 14.x.1978, L. Masner & G. Gibson [1♁, CNC: CNC 508707]. Riley Co., Manhattan, 326m, 39°10’41”N, 96°34’34”W, 28.vii.1933, L. M. Copenhafer, Q1, host: Ornix sp. [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471464]; 30.vii.1933, L. M. Copenhafer, Q2, host: Ornix sp. [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471465]. Kentucky: Lincoln Co., Crab Orchard, 290m, 37°27’51”N, 84°30’23”W, vi.1960, Wooten-Gibson, host: Odontopus calceatus [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471486]. Maryland: Montgomery Co., Glen Echo, 38°58’8”N, 77°08’33”W, 14.v.1922, J. R. Malloch [1♀, UCRC: UCRCENT498998]. Massachusetts: Worcester Co., Harvard & Bolton, 157m, 42°28’7”N, 71°35’41”W, 20.vii–8.viii.1944, M. E. Tomlinson, host: Phyllonorycter blancardella [1♀, BMNH: NHMUK10370144]. Mississippi: Forrest Co., Petal, 31°20’43”N, 89°15’25”W, 23.ix.1983, J. D. Pinto [1♁, UCRC: UCRCENT499018]. North Carolina: Buncombe Co., Asheville, 651m, 35°35’26”N, 82°33’3”W, 19.v.1937, B. H. Wilford, Lot No. 37-16724, host plant: Pinus echinata [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471483]. Forsyth Co., Winston-Salem, 289m, 36°08’3”N, 80°14’44”W, 27.viii.1915, Sherman, host: Cameraria sp., host plant: Quercus sp. [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471572]. Lincoln Co., 35°28’30”N, 81°12’56”W, 15.v.1988, J. Walgenbach, host: Phyllonorycter blancardella [2♀, USNM:UCRCENT471466,USNM:UCRCENT471467(D6859)]. McDowell Co., 37°00’0”N, 81°30’0”W, 9–24.ix.1987, Brc Hym Team, Oak-Rhododendron, FIT [1♁, CNC: CNC 508673]. Ohio: 302m, 40°06’19”N, 82°49’47”W, 1695 - “A beauty?” [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471475]. Licking Co., 40°06’16”N, 82°27’28”W, 10.vi.1962, F. W. Mead, host plant: Quercus sp. [1♀, FSCA: UCRCENT424532]. Union Co., Milford Center, 300m, 40°10‘46”N, 83°26‘6”W, 12.vi.1930, J. S. Houser [3♁ 12♀ 1?, BMNH: NHMUK10370129, USNM: UCRCENT471487–501]. Pennsylvania: Butler Co., Butler, 325m, 40°51‘40”N, 79°53’40”W, 1.viii.1968, L. Forer [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471485]. Tennessee: Campbell Co., Jellico, 417m, 36°34’58”N, 84°07’35“W, 2.vi.1982, J. E. Corrigan [1♀, UCRC: UCRCENT414298]. Knox Co., Knoxville, 304m, 35°58’4“N, 83°54’38“W, 13.v.1957, W. R. M. Mason [1♀, CNC: CNC 508708]. Virginia: Falls Church, 38°52’56”N, 77°10’16”W, 26.vi.1913, C. Heinrich, Hopk. U.S. 11155a, host: Cameraria quercivorella [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471573]. Louisa Co., 4 mi. S. Cuckoo, 37°53’52”N, 77°53’50”W, 12–25.iv.1988, J. Kloke & D. R. Smith, malaise trap [1♁, USNM: UCRCENT471484]. Rockingham, Timberville, 308m, 38°38’18”N, 78°46’32”W, iii–iv.1948, C. M. Beckham, host: Recurvaria nanella , host plant: Apple [1♀, BMNH: NHMUK10370169]. Shenandoah Co., nr. Mt. Jackson & Timberville, 312m, 38°41’45”N, 78°42’9”W, iii–iv.1946, C. M. Beckham, Lot. 46-4830, host: Phyllonorycter crataegella , host plant: Apple [8♀, USNM: UCRCENT471456 – 471463]. Washington DC: 38°52’41”N, 77°00’44”W, 12.ix.1905, Quaintance, No. 1374 [1♁ 3♀ 3?, USNM: UCRCENT425421–425427]. 3m, 38°52’41”N, 77°00’44”W, 2.vii.1905, A. A. Girault, No. 1210 [1♀ 1?, USNM: UCRCENT471448, 471449]. 3m, 38°52’41”N, 77°00’44”W, 20.x.1905, Quaintance, No. 1645 [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471454]. 3m, 38°52’41”N, 77°00’44”W, 5.vii.1905, A. A. Girault, No. 1618 [1♁ 3♀, USNM: UCRCENT471450–471453]. 3m, 38°52’41”N, 77°00’44”W, 5.viii.1905, Quaintance, No. 1198 [1♀, USNM: UCRCENT471482].

Figures

FIGURE 4. Zagrammosoma americanum, ♀: (A) head, frontolateral, (B) lateral habitus-medial darkening on hind wing artifact from point mount, (C) fore wing, dorsal, (D) dorsal habitus; (E) ♁ dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (A), 0.5m (B–E).

FIGURE 23. Zagrammosoma interlineatum stat. rev., ♀: (A) head, frontolateral, (B) lateral habitus, (C) fore wing, dorsal, (D) dorsal habitus; (E) ♁ dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B–E).

FIGURE 24. Distribution of Zagrammosoma interlineatum stat. rev.

FIGURE 34. Zagrammosoma multilineatum, ♀: (A) head, frontolateral, (B) lateral habitus, (C) fore wing, dorsal, (D) dorsal habitus; (E) ♁ dorsal habitus. Scale bar = 0.2 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B–E).