Spilopyra sumptuosa Baly, 1860

Reid, C. A. M. & Beatson, M., 2010, Revision of the Australo-Papuan genus Spilopyra Baly (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Spilopyrinae), Zootaxa 2692 (1), pp. 1-32 : 27-31

Spilopyra sumptuosa Baly, 1860

( Figs 6 , 11, 12 , 25 , 30, 31 , 48 , 61, 62 , 64 , 76 , 84 , 97 , 108 , 114−117 , 119 )

Spilopyra sumptuosa Baly, 1860: 25

Material examined. Types: Lectotype (this designation): male / M. B./ type/ Spilopyra sumptuosa Baly Moreton Bay / Baly coll/ Spilopyra sumptuosa Baly Moreton Bay / coll Diggles Stevens [on reverse of previous label]/ ( BMNH); Paralectotype: / Australia Moreton Bay/ type de Baly/ ex Musaeo Lefèvre/ ( MHNP).

Non-types (142): Australia: 11/ no data label ( AMS, ANIC, SAM) ; 1, ditto, Baly ( BMNH) ; 1, ditto, Dodd ( QDPIM) ; New South Wales: 1, no data ( SAM) ; 2, ditto, A. H. Elston ( AMS) ; 1/ Boatharbour NR, NE Lismore , ex foliage, rainfor. remnant, 16.xi.1988, G. Williams ( AMS) ; 1, ditto, 16.xii.1988 ( AMS) ; 1/ Broken Head NR, S Byron Bay , ex rainforest foliage, 17.xi.1988, G. Williams ( AMS) ; 2/ Macphersons Range, Deane ( AMS) ; 1/ Mount Warning, nr Murwillumbah , 26.xii.1975, G. Daniels ( AMS) ; 1/ Nightcap Rge , 11.xii.1976, E. Fricke ( AMS) ; 2/ N Rio, Griffith ( SAM) ; 5/ Richmond R ( SAM); 2/ Tweed R, Lea ( SAM) ; 2, ditto, C. Gibbons ( AMS) ; 1, ditto, 1903, Froggatt ( ANIC) ; 1/ Wilson’s Ck, nr Lismore , 2.ii.1961, C. W. Frazier ( ANIC) ; 1/ Wilson NR, Lismore , on foliage ex dry rainforest, 17.xii.1998, G & B Williams ( AMS) ;

Queensland: 7, no data ( AMS, SAM) ; 1, ditto, Macleay ( ANIC) ; 1, ditto, E. W. Ferguson ( ANIC) ; 1/ Beenleigh , 25.v.1924, E. Sutton ( QMB) ; 3/ Brisbane , Illidge ( AMS) ; 1/ Coolangatta , iii.1916, H. A. Longman ( QMB) ; 4/ Eagle Hts , edge rainforest, 23.iii.1955, M. B. Wilson ( QMB) ; 3, ditto, open country, S. B. Gunn ( QMB) ; 2/ Fletcher, E. Sutton ( ANIC) ; 1/ Glen Aplin , 1948, A. Gemmell ( ANIC) ; 2/ Gympie ( SAM) ; 1/ Lamington , 11.xi.1943, A. Blombery ( AMS) ; 1/ Lower Beechmont , 1-4.i.1982, G., J. & A. Holloway ( AMS) ; 1/ Mackay ( SAM) ; 2/ Maleny , x.1929, H. Hacker ( QMB) ; 1/ Mount Glorious , 22km NW Brisbane, rainforest, 635m, 13.iii.1979, A. Hiller ( QMB) ; 1/ Mount Tambourine , 4.xi.1911 ( QMB) ; 1, ditto, 28.xi.1925, E. Sutton ( QMB) ; 2, ditto, 19.xii.1925, A. Musgrave & G. P. Whitley ( AMS) ; 2, ditto, 24.xii.1925 ( AMS) ; 2, ditto, 2.i.1956, C. King ( AMS, ANIC) ; 1, ditto, 26.ii.1960, C. W. Frazier ( ANIC) ; 1, ditto, 2.i.1956, C. King, ex A. N. Burns coll. ( ANIC) ; 2/ [Lamington] National Pk , xii.1919, H. Hacker ( QMB) ; 2, ditto, xi.1920 ( AMS, QMB) ; 2, ditto, xii.1923 ( QMB) ; 1, ditto, 23.x.1923 ( QMB) ; 2, ditto, Macpherson Ra , i.1928, H. J. Carter ( ANIC) ; 1/ M[oreton] B[ay], Baly ( BMNH) ; 1/ St. Bernard, Mount Tambourine , 1.i.1962, C. W. Frazier ( ANIC) ; 1/ Tambourine , 23.i.1926, E. Sutton ( QMB) ; 1, ditto, vi.1928 ( QMB) ; 1, ditto, xi.1935, B. Stagles ( ANIC) ; 1/ Tambourine Mountain ( AMS) ; 27, ditto, H. Brown ( AMS) ; 4, ditto, W. H. Davidson ( ANIC, QMB) ; 6, ditto, E. Fricke ( AMS) ; 7, ditto, S. R. E. Brock ( ANIC) ; 3, ditto, E. Sutton ( ANIC, QMB) ; 1, ditto, i.1907, H. J. Carter ( AMS) ; 1, ditto, 28.x.1912, H. Hacker ( QMB) ; 2, ditto, 28.xi.1911 ( QMB) ; 1/ Tamborine NP, Palm Grove section, Curtis Rd entrance, 27:55S 153:12E, beating rf veg, Mischocarpus pyriformis , 530m, 8.xii.2007, C. Reid ( AMS) ; 2/ Upper Tallebudgera Valley , Queensland, 28° 12’S 153° 21’E, with eggs & larvae, on Guioa semiglauca , 10-20.i.2000, D. Cook ( QMB) ; 4/ Wide Bay ( AMS) ; 2, ditto, Masters ( AMS) .

Larvae: 3 first instars, Upper Tallebudgera Valley , Queensland, 28° 12’S 153° 21’E, ex eggs laid on Guioa semiglauca, D. Cook , 10−20.i.2000 ( AMS [additional material in QMB]); 1 first instar/ Big Scrub, Nightcap NP, loop walk, Gibbergunya Range Rd, 28:38S 153:19E, 180m, beating rainforest trees/shrubs, 1.iii.2002, C. Reid ( AMS) .

Description. Length: 9.5−12mm. Body dark reddish-brown with metallic reflections, appendages red except tarsomeres (4 and apex 5 excepted) and apices femora, tibiae metallic green, and labrum, palpi and basal antennomeres red, antennomeres 6−11 apically darkened, 9−11 black or almost so; tarsomere 5 often purplish-black and 4 sometimes dorsally metallic. Metallic reflections on body and elytra distributed as follows (NB in this species areas of contrasting colour are diffuse, not clearly defined): extruded part of head capsule: golden-green, with transverse purple blotch on vertex almost to eyes, broadly extending to clypeus anteriorly; thorax: pronotum: all dorsal margins golden-green, strongly extended towards disc at middle of apex, less so at middle of base, remainder purple; prothoracic venter golden-green and purple; scutellum golden-green, mesoventrite golden-green; elytra purple, with green elongate mark at base of 3 rd interval, crossing 4 th basally, small green spot at side of humerus and on epipleuron (not visible dorsally), complete transverse green band at middle of basal half or band not quite touching suture, narrowly green suture from this band to elytral apex, transverse green patch at middle of elytron connected to epipleuron, oblique green patch in apical elytral third from epipleuron almost to suture; metaventrite green medially and anteriorly, with purple lateral triangle; metepisternum green; abdominal ventrites usually with lateral margins green, I purple with green base, II and V golden green, III and IV purplish-blue, or rarely all ventrites purplish-blue.

Head: punctures variable, from small (about equal to eye facets) and sparse (separated by 3−5 diameters), to large (slightly larger than eye facets) and moderately close (separated by 2−3 diameters), larger and denser on clypeus, between middle of eyes and at posterior; almost glabrous, but with 3−6 trichobothria in a groove at inner margin of eye, short recumbent setae posterior and anterior to eye; medially shallowly and broadly depressed along midline between eyes, usually deeply and narrowly depressed on anterior of vertex; apical margin clypeus shallowly concave; frontoclypeal suture well-defined at sides, obscured at base; eyes separated by 4 (male) −4.5 (female) times eye widths; gena 0.17 (female) −0.25 (male) times eye length; antennae 4−5 times socket diameters apart; antennae 0.6 (female) −0.7 (male) times body length; antennomere 2 shortest (c. 0.55 times first), <6=8, <3=4, <1=5=7=9=10 (or <7=9=10, <1=5), <11 (1.3−1.4 times 10); antennomeres 7 (not base) −11 densely setose and broader than sparsely setose 1−6; apical maxillary palpomere elongate, fusiform, length c. 1.2 times preapical.

Thorax: pronotal punctures variable on disc, usually large (much larger than on head) and close (separated by 2−4 diameters) but with scattered fine punctures between; punctures larger (1.5-2 times discal puncture widths) and closer (separated by 1−3 diameters) at base and sides; apparently glabrous (fresh specimens with minute recumbent setae at sides), except trichobothrium in each angle; pronotal width 1.5 times length, lateral margins almost straight in basal 2/3, constricted to projecting and acute anterior and posterior angles; anterior edge not or shallowly medially concave; pronotal disc evenly convex; anterior margination incomplete, absent from middle third; hypomeron distinctly punctured and laterally wrinkled; prosternal process elevated between coxae, punctured and pubescent, approximately quadrate, but with elongate apico-lateral lobes and broadly convex apical median lobe; scutellum semi-ovate, finely punctured at base; elytra glabrous; elytron with deep transverse depression from suture to epipleuron, about 1/3 rd from base, prominent rounded humerus between base of 5 th stria and epipleuron, deep transverse depression half distance from base, from epipleuron to middle; strial punctures small and shallow at base (smaller than pronotal disc), large and deep in transverse depressions, often evanescent in apical quarter; elytra striate, with 6−9 distinct striae and sutural stria, scattered large punctures present in basal half outer intervals usually obscuring striae 7-9; upper margin epipleuron complete to base of elytron, curving round humerus to base; mesoventrite median process punctured and pubescent, transverse, strongly arched to slightly concave apical margin, without median depression; metaventrite shining, sparsely pubescent and smooth or shallowly transversely strigose; metaventrite anterior lobe deeply depressed, remainder of anterior border margined with crenulation or pitting; metepisternum slightly rugose, punctate; femora preapically punctured and strigose, more so in larger specimens; tibiae swollen in apical half, midtibiae preapically slightly excavate in large specimens, protibia with dense setal brush, metatibia with preapical long setae on inner face; tibiae strongly punctured, semistrigose with irregular ridges in large specimens; second metatarsomere approximately equilateral triangular.

Abdomen: ventrites I−IV glabrous, without long setae near midline and with sparse shallow punctures; ventrite V of male sparsely punctured and pubescent in apical half; ventrites I−V with complete lateral keels; apex ventrite V truncate (male) or shallowly convex (female); spiculum relictum with convex apex and large quadrate basal apodeme; penis with narrow mucronate tip in dorsal view, acute and slightly reflexed in lateral view; ostium of penis with slightly exerted paired triangular valves; tegmen Y-shaped broad stem parallelsided to truncate base, internal keel prominent and evenly convex, absent from base; endophallic sclerite trilobed; apex female sternite VIII truncate to shallowly concave, base with small apodeme; spermatheca Ushaped, slightly bent away from duct, which is variably loosely and tightly coiled.

Notes. Spilopyra sumptuosa was described from 2 specimens, collected by Diggles at Moreton Bay , south-east Queensland. One of these is in BMNH and hereby designated Lectotype. This designation is to clarify the identity of the type species of Spilopyra amongst its similar congeners. The other specimen was retained in the Bakewell collection, then passed through the Bates and Oberthur collections to be deposited in MHNP, where it still exists ( Horn & Kahle 1935; CAMR pers. obs.). Two other specimens in BMNH labelled ‘type’ in Baly’s handwriting cannot be types but instead are likely to represent specimens comparable with, or compared with, types.

The original description and figures are detailed and easily identify Spilopyra sumptuosa by its diagnostic colour pattern. This is the most commonly collected and widespread species of the genus and is wellrepresented in collections. There are also published records for Spilopyra sumptuosa , which are unlikely to be misidentifications, from four localities: Elston, Conondale Range, about 6 miles W of Palmwoods ( Wilson 1921), Tamborine ( Weise 1923), about 10km NE of Murwillumbah ( Hawkeswood 1991) and about 10km NE of Nimbin ( Hawkeswood 1992). The larva is also distinctive ( Reid 2000), so we have included field collections of these. Spilopyra sumptuosa occurs from Mackay in the north to Richmond River in the south in subtropical and riparian forests, 5-635m above sea level. The northernmost locality, Mackay, is 500km from the main range of the species at Gympie and probably represents a mislabelled specimen (it is morphologically identical to other material). There is only minor variation within the range of the species, for example in width of contrasting colour strips, shape of ventral thoracic lobes.

Spilopyra sumptuosa has been collected in all months from October to June, except April, with most collections from November to January. First instar larvae were reared from eggs laid in January and a first instar larva was collected in March. Recorded host plants include Cupaniopsis anacardioides ( Hawkeswood 1991) and Guioa semiglauca ( Hawkeswood 1992; Reid 2000), which are widespread in eastern Australia ( Hnatiuk 1990; Anonymous 2010). A single specimen was collected on Mischocarpus pyriformis at Mount Tambourine. Cupaniopsis , Guioa and Mischocarpus are related members of the genus-group Cupania , family Sapindaceae ( Buerki et al. 2009) .

Figures

FIGURE 119. Map of eastern Australia, showing distribution of: Ο= Spilopyra stirlingi Lea; ̝ = S. sumptuosa Baly.

FIGURES 1−6. Spilopyra species, dorsal: 1, S. safrina sp. nov.; 2, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 3, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 4, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 5, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 6, S. sumptuosa Baly. Scale bar = 2mm.

FIGURES 7−12. Spilopyra species, dorsal (pronotum and elytra separately drawn at right angles to their axes; blue or green areas stippled; groove adjacent to eye and anterior pronotal margination indicated): 7, S. safrina sp. nov.; 8, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 9, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 10, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Carbine); 11, S. sumptuosa Baly (Tambourine); 12, S. sumptuosa Baly (Gympie). Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 20−25. Spilopyra species, head: 20, S. safrina sp. nov.; 21, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 22, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 23, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 24, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 25, S. sumptuosa Baly. Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 26−31. Spilopyra species, antenna: 26, S. safrina sp. nov., female; 27, S. scratchley sp. nov., female; 28, S. semiramis sp. nov., female; 29, S. semiramis sp. nov., male; 30, S. sumptuosa Baly, male; 31, S. sumptuosa Baly, female. Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 43−48. Spilopyra species, prosternal process: 43, S. safrina sp. nov.; 44, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 45, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 46, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 47, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 48, S. sumptuosa Baly.

FIGURES 49−62. Spilopyra species, prosternal and mesoventrite processes and antero-median border of metaventrite: 49, S. safrina sp. nov.; 50, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 51, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 52, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 53, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Carbine); 54, S. stirlingi Lea (lectotype, Cairns); 55, S. stirlingi Lea (Herberton); 56, S. stirlingi Lea (Lake Eacham); 57, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 58, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Bartle-Frere); 59, S. stirlingi Lea (Curtain Fig); 60, S. stirlingi Lea (holotype S. flavipennis Weise, Cedar Creek); 61, S. sumptuosa Baly (Gympie); 62, S. sumptuosa Baly (Lismore). Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 63−64. Spilopyra species, lateral: 63, S. stirlingi Lea; 64, S. sumptuosa Baly.

FIGURES 65−76. Spilopyra species, metaventrite and metepisternum, golden or green reflective area shaded: 65, S. safrina sp. nov. (Mount Windsor); 66, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 67, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 68, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 69, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Carbine); 70, S. stirlingi Lea (lectotype, Cairns); 71, S. stirlingi Lea (holotype of S. flavipennis Weise, Cedar Creek); 72, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 73, S. stirlingi Lea (Bartle-Frere); 74, S. stirlingi Lea (Curtain Fig); 75, S. stirlingi Lea (Herberton); 76, S. sumptuosa Baly (Nightcap Range). Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 81−84. Spilopyra species, lateral of penis and tegmen, dorsal of penis apex, dorsal of spiculum relictum: 81, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 82, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 83, S. stirlingi Lea (lectotype, Cairns); 84, S. sumptuosa Baly (Tambourine). Shaded area in penis = endophallic sclerites (poorly defined). Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 85−103. Spilopyra species, female sternite VIII: 85, S. safrina sp. nov. (Mount Windsor); 86, S. safrina sp. nov. (Cairns); 87, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 88, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 89, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 90, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Carbine); 91, S. stirlingi Lea (paralectotype, Cairns); 92, S. stirlingi Lea (holotype of S. flavipennis Weise, Cedar Creek); 93, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 94, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 95, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Bartle-Frere); 96, S. stirlingi Lea (Curtain Fig); 97, S. sumptuosa Baly. Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 98−108. Spilopyra species, spermatheca and spermathecal duct: 98, S. safrina sp. nov. (Mount Windsor); 99, S. safrina sp. nov. (Cairns); 100, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 101, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 102, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Lewis); 103, S. stirlingi Lea (paralectotype, Cairns); 104, S. stirlingi Lea (holotype of S. flavipennis Weise, Cedar Creek); 105, S. stirlingi Lea (Mount Bartle-Frere); 106, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 107, S. stirlingi Lea (Davies Creek); 108, S. sumptuosa Baly. Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 110−114. Kotpresse of Spilopyra species (dorsal view, anus at top): 110, S. safrina sp. nov.; 111, S. scratchley sp. nov.; 112, S. semiramis sp. nov.; 113, S. stirlingi Lea; 114, S. sumptuosa Baly. Drawn to scale.

FIGURES 115−117. Spilopyra sumptuosa Baly, immature stages: 115, egg ‘case’ dorsal, on leaf; 116, egg case ventral; 117, first instar larva (reproduced, with permission, from Invertebrate Taxonomy 14: 840, figure 2).