Echinolampas crassa ( Bell, 1880 )

Filander, Zoleka & Griffiths, Charles, 2017, Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa, Zootaxa 4296 (1), pp. 1-72 : 49-50

Echinolampas crassa ( Bell, 1880)

Fig. 55 A–C.

Palaeolampas crassa , nov. sp.: Bell, 1889: 43–45. Pl. IV.

Palaeolampas crassa: Bell, 1904: 172 : Döderlein, 1906: 236; Döderlein, 1910: 248; Mortensen, 1948d: 293 –295. Pl. III, Figs 4–7 . Pl. IV, Figs 11–12 , Pls. IX, X, XIV, Figs 8–9 .

Echinolampas crassa: H.L. Clark, 1923: 397 ; H.L. Clark, 1924: 11 –12; H.L. Clark, 1925a: 182 –185; Branch et al., 2010: 236, Fig. 106.7; Schultz, 2009: 521, Figs 877–879.

Echinolampas (Palaeolampas) crassa: Clark & Courtman-Stock, 1976: 244 .

Material examined. A22340 ; MBC-A 022340; MBC-A 022341; MBC-A023373; MBC-A077887; MBC- A077885; MBC-A077886; A22267 ; A22268 ; A22272 ; A22270 ; A23433; A22292 .

Identification. Test moderate to large, aborally raised, and slightly elongated. Apical disc anteriorly positioned, monobasal, with four gonopores. Peristome wider than long, sub-centrally positioned; bourrelets and phyllodes distinct; five well-developed petals, extending to edge, distally opened; anterior-lateral petals being the shortest, sub-equal. Posterior interambulacrum sometimes having a naked space, not raised towards peristome, tuberculation and spines dense, uniform, and becoming sparse towards peristomial area. Test and spine both brown.

Global maximum size. Maximum test length 125 mm.

Global distribution. Endemic to South coast of South Africa, at 15–500 m depth ( Döderlein 1910; Clark & Courtman-Stock 1976).

Remarks. The most stricking feature that distinguishes Echinolampas crassa and Tropholampas loveni , is the lack of obvious sexual dimorphism in Echinolampas crassa .

Figures

FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum).

FIGURE 5. Histocidaris elegans (SAMC-A 22212): A. Side view of preserved specimen. B. Apical system of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 8. Phyllacanthus imperialis (SAMC-A 23447): A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 9. Goniocidaris (Goniocidaris) indica: A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen (SAMC- A 23089). C. Side view of preserved specimen (SAMC-A 28235).

FIGURE 11. Stereocidaris capensis (MB-A 077743): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 12. Stereocidaris excavata (SAMC-A 23320). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen.

FIGURE 55. Echinolampas crassa (SAMC-A 22270). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of naked corona. C. Posterior view of naked corona.