Craspedochaeta pollostos, Lonsdale & Marshall, 2006

Lonsdale, Owen & Marshall, Stephen A., 2006, Revision of the New World species of Craspedochaeta (Diptera: Clusiidae), Zootaxa 1291 (1), pp. 1-101 : 41-44

Craspedochaeta pollostos spec. nov.

( Figs. 22 , 47, 48 , 63 , 68 , Map 7)

Description ( Fig. 22 )

Externally as described for C. pleuralis except as follows: pleural stripe usually continuing onto anterior half of katepisternum or entirely absent (one male from Brazil); tibiae brown on basal 5/6; femora with light brown to yellow subapical band; clypeus, gena and lower half of face dark brown; palpus sometimes light brown. If pigment faded, notal pattern reduced in front of transverse stripe, head white, clypeus sometimes brown, antenna yellow to dirty white (or infuscated on inner ventral face) and mid and hind tibiae with brown band on basal 5/6. Sometimes mid tibia yellow or fore tibia browned medially, but subbasal band on hind tibia always present, if only faintly, excluding males from Mexico.

Female

As described for male except as follows: tergite 8 darker than anterior tergites; epiproct yellow. One female with notum yellow postsuturally and only hind tibia brown.

Male terminalia ( Figs. 47, 48 , 63 )

Genitalia as described for C. pleuralis except as follows: surstylus half as high and rounded (usually less than ¼ height of epandrium, but can be as little as 1/5 length); anterior protuberance on pregonite shallow; distiphallus absent; arm of hypandrium narrow medially.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 68 )

Very poorly sclerotized and difficult to see without staining. Spermatheca narrowing basally, with small longitudinal wrinkles on distal third, which is somewhat sunken. Spermathecal duct very short and difficult to discern from spermatheca. Ventral receptacle small and oval. Subterminal flagellum approximately six times length of ventral receptacle; tapered distally.

Etymology: The specific name is Greek for “smallest”, as the surstylus is the most reduced in the genus.

Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Venezuela (Map 7).

Holotype: COSTA RICA. R.F. Golfo Dulce, 24km W Piedras Blancas , 200m, x.1990, P. Hanson (1♂, DEBU).

Paratypes: BOLIVIA. La Paz, Arroyo Tuhiri, W. Mapiri , 15°17’27”S, 68°15’29”W , 10.iv.2001, S.A. Marshall (1♀, DEBU) , La Paz, Mapiri (5km W; 15°17.8’S, 68°15.6’W, 750m) , 16.iii.2001, A. Freidberg (1♂, USNM) . BRAZIL. Terezópolis, Rio de Janiero , iv.1938, Servico Febre Amarela, M.E.S. Bras. (1♀, USNM) . COSTA RICA: Higuito, San Mateo, P. Schild (1♀, USNM) , La Suiza, ix.1926, P. Schild (1♀, USNM) , Alajuela: 20km S Upala , F.D. Parker , 7–9.viii.1990 (1♂, EMUS) , 21–31.viii.1991 (1♂, EMUS) , 16–24.vii.1991 (2♀♀, EMUS) , 17.vi.1991 (1♂, EMUS) , 22–30.vi.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–10.vii.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 27.xi.1990 (1♀, EMUS) , 19.ii.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–15.vii.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , Cartago: R.F. Golfo Dulce, 3km S Rincon , 10m , xii.1991, P. Hanson (1♀, DEBU) , Guanacaste: 3km SE R. Naranjo, F.D. Parker , 1–10.viii.1992 (1♂, EMUS) , 11–20.viii.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–10.ix.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 21–31.viii.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 5–9.vii.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , Est. Pitilla , 9km S de Sta. Cecilia, 700m , i.1995, P. Rios (1♀, INBC) , Est. Martiza, 600m, Lado Oeste del Volcan Oroai , R. Blanco , vi.1990 (1♂, INBC) , Limón: Valle La Estrella , 100m, Malaise, G. Carballo , 8.iv–15.v.1994 (2♂♂, INBC) , 21.v–22.vii.1993 (1♂, INBC) , Puntarenas: Piedras Blancas (24km W, 8°47’N, 83°15’W, 200m), Malaise trap, P. Hanson , x.1990 (2♂♂ 5♀♀, USNM; 1♂ 1♀, MUCR) , xi.1990 (1♀ 5♂♂, EMUS) , xii.1990 (1♂ 2♀♀, EMUS) , Rincon (3km SW, 9°55’N, 84°13’W, 10m) , x–xii.1990, Malaise trap, P. Hanson (3♂♂, USNM) , R.F. Golfo Dulce, 24km W Piedras Blancas , 200m, P. Hanson , xi.1990 (1♀ 1♂, DEBU) , x.1990 (2♀♀, DE BU; 1♂ 1♀, INBC), Est. Carara, Res. Biol. Carara , 200m , iv.1990, Malaise (3♀♀, INBC) . ECUADOR. Pich., 250m, 47km S Sto. Domingo, Rio Palenque Stn. , 17–25.ii.1979, S.A. Marshall (2♂♂, DEBU; 1♀ 2♂♂, QCAZ), Napo Province, Yasuni National Park, PUCE Yasuni Research Station , 00°38’S, 76°36’W, rain forest, Malaise trap , 30.x–20.xi.1998, Thomas Pape (1♀ 1♂, ZSMC) . PANAMA. C.Z., Barro Colorado Island , vii.1967, light trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM) , 18.vii.1924, N. Banks (1♀ 1♂, USNM) , 8.i.1929, C.H. Curran (1♂, USNM) . PERU. Loreto, Pucallpa , 12.xi.1946, 600’, J.C. Pallister coll., donor F. Johnson (1♀, USNM) . VENEZUELA. T.F. Amaz., Cerro de la Neblina Basecamp , 140m, 0°50’N, 66°10’W, P.J. & P.M. Spangler, R.A. Faitoute & R.E. Steiner , 21–28.ii.1985 (1♀, USNM) , Malaise trap in rainforest, 23.ii.1985 (1♀, USNM) , Tachira, Pregonero, Presa Las Cuevas , 650m, rainforest, Malaise , 9–13.vii.1989, S.&J. Peck (1♀, IZAV) .

Additional material examined: BRAZIL. Rondonia: 62km SE Ariquemes , 17–24.iii. 1989, 180m, W.J. Hanson (1♀, EMUS) , Ariquemes, Rio Ji­Parana , 28.x.1986, 9°44’S, 61°52’W, J.A. Rafael, Arm. Mal. (1♀, INPA) , Amazonas: Manaus, Reserva Ducke , 7–21.xi.1994, J.A. Rafael & J. Vidal, suspensa 10m (1♀, INPA) , Arm. suspensa 1.5m, 7–21.xi.1994 (1♀, INPA) , Manaus, Reserva Ducke , 20.viii.1993, J. Vidal, Mal. (1♀, INPA) , 26km NE Manaus, R. Ducke , 6.i.1989, J.A. Rafael, Arm. suspensa 10m (1♀, INPA) , S. Gabriel Cachoeira Morro, 6 Lagos , 28.ix–6.x. 1990, 300m, Arm. Mal., J.A. Rafael & J. Vidal (1♀, INPA) , Roraima: Rio Uraricoera, Ilha de Maraca , 18–28.vii.1987, Arm. Shannon, J.A. Rafael, L.S. Aquino & E. Binda (1♀, INPA) , 2–13.v.1987, Arm. Mal., J.A. Rrafael, J.E. Brasil & L.S. Aquino (1♀, INPA) . COSTA RICA. Alajuela: 20km S Upala , F.D. Parker, 11–20.vii.1991 (2♀♀, EMUS) , 22–30.vi.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 21–31.viii.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 11–20.viii.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 16–24.vii.1991 (1♀ 1♂, EMUS) , 1–15.vii.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 15.vii.1990 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–10.ix.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 7.ii.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 16–17.i.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 6.i.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 11–21.vi.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 22–30.ix.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 15–18.vii.1990 (1♀, EMUS) , 16–25.ix.1990 (1♀, EMUS) , vi.1990 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–10.viii.1990 (1♀, EMUS) , 21–23.viii.1990 (1♀ 1♂, EMUS) , 1.viii.1990 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–25.ix.1991 (1♂, EMUS) , 27.xi.1990 (1♂, EMUS) , 10–21.v.1991 (1♂, EMUS) , Cartago: nr. Tuis , 3000’, 16–22.vii.1993, W.J. Hanson (1♀, EMUS) , Guanacaste: 14km S Canas , 1–15.ix.1990, F.D. Parker (1♀, EMUS) , Est. Pitilla , 9km S Sta. Cecilia, 700m, 22.viii.1993, C. Moraga (1♀, INBC) , 3km SE R. Naranjo , F.D. Parker, 18–23.vi.1993 (3♀♀, EMUS) , 20–29.xi.1991 (1♀, EMUS) , 14–16.vi.1993 (1♀ 1♂, EMUS) , 1–15.vi.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 17–19.vii.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 23–27.vii.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 4–6.viii.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 14–20.viii.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 20.v.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–10.vii.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–10.viii.1992 (1♂ 3♀♀, EMUS) , 21–31.vii.1992 (1♂ 3♀♀, EMUS) , 16–30.vi.1993 (2♀♀, EMUS) , 19–22.ii.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 21–30.vi.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 11–20.vii.1992 (2♀♀, EMUS) , 11–20.viii.1992 (1♂ 2♀♀, EMUS) , 21–31.viii.1992 (2♂♂ 5♀♀, EMUS) , 24–26.v.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 15–19.iii.1993 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–10.xii.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 1–9.x.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 11–20.ix.1992 (3♀♀, EMUS) , 1–9.x.1992 (1♀, EMUS) , 21–30.ix.1992 (3♀♀, EMUS) , 1–13.vii.1993 (1♂, EMUS) , 16–30.vi.1993 (2♂♂, EMUS) , 1–10.ix.1992 (2♂♂, EMUS) , Heredia: La Selva Res. Sta ., 11–17.vi.1986, Hanson & Bohart (1♀, EMUS; 1♀, DEBU) , Limón: 7mi N Guanico , 22.ii–3.iii.1988, F.D. Parker (1♀, EMUS; 1♂, EMUS) , Puntarenas: Rd. to Rincon , iii–v.1989, Hanson & Gould (2♀♀, EMUS) , Osa Pen. , ~ 2.5km S Rincon, 10.viii.2001, creekside vegetation at road, 08°42.0’N, 83°30.9’W, K.N. Barber (1♀, DE BU) . ECUADOR. Pich. E Sto. Domingo, Hanson & Bohart , 8–14.v.1988 (1♀, EMUS) , 6–12.v.1990 (2♀♀, EMUS) , Napo: Yasuni National Park: Yasuni Res. Sta ., 76°36’W, 00°38’S, 3–20.xi.1998, T. Pape & B. Viklund (1♂, NHRS) , Rio Palenque , 0°35’S, 70°22’W, 22–26.ii. 1976, 150m, G.E. Shewell (1♀, CNCI) , Rio Frio, Balao, Chico , 26–30.iv.1963 (1♀, CNCI) , Napo: Coca , Napo R., v. 1965, 250m, L. Pena (1♀ 1♂, CNCI) . MEXICO. Veracruz, Los Tuxtles Bio. Stn. ( Malaise ), 15–22.vii.1984, G. Steck (1♂, TAMU) , Vera Cruz Est. Biol. Los Tuxtles Laguna Escondia, 16.ix.1987, L.E. Carroll (1♀, TAMU) , Campeche, 13.8mi E Escarcega , 26–27.vii.1980, Schnaffner, Weaver & Friedlander (1♂, TAMU) , Oaxaca, 10.8mi W Pinotepa Nacional , 9.vii.1987, R. Wharton (1♂, TAMU) . PANAMA. Erwin Isl. , C.Z., 7.vii.1923, R.C. Shannon (1♂, USNM) , C.Z., Barro Colorado Island , 16.vi.1978, Malaise trap, Silberglied / Aiello (1♀, USNM) .

Comments: One female of Craspedochaeta pollostos was collected with several eggs, attached in a series, protruding from the abdomen. The base of each egg was stuck within (and surrounded by) the micropyle of egg posterior to it. A single egg was recovered from the abdomen of a different paratype female and examined at higher magnification. The egg was similar in its dimensions and texture to that of Procerosoma prominea Lonsdale & Marshall, 2006 , in that the surface was minutely tuberculate and covered with longitudinal furrows, but the micropyle was approximately two to three times greater in width.

Figures

FIGURES 10–23: Head and thorax, dorsal colouration of the New World Craspedochaeta without an entirely dark notum; 10: C. xanthonotum spec. nov.; 11: C. festiva (Sóos, 1962); 12: C. loreto spec. nov.; 13: C. trivittata (Sóos, 1962); 14: C. weemsi spec. nov.; 15: C. pacaraima spec. nov.; 16: C. candida spec. nov.; 17: C. apsilutea spec. nov.; 18: C. ornata (Hennig, 1938); 19: C. transversa Czerny, 1903; 20: C. synneura (Hennig, 1938); 21: C. pleuralis (Williston, 1896); 22: C. pollostos spec. nov; 23: C. chela spec. nov, male.

FIGURES 47–52: male terminalia, external: Figs. 47–48: Craspedochaeta pollostos spec. nov.; Fig. 47: left lateral; Fig. 48: posterior; Figs. 49–50: C. chela spec. nov.; Fig. 49: left lateral; Fig. 50: posterior; Figs. 51–52: C. weemsi spec. nov.; Fig. 51: left lateral; Fig. 52: posterior.

FIGURES 61–66: Hypandrial complex, left lateral; Fig. 61: Craspedochaeta transversa Czerny, 1903; Fig. 62: C. chela spec. nov.; Fig. 63: C. pollostos spec. nov.; Fig. 64: C. pleuralis (Williston, 1896); Fig. 65: C. weemsi spec. nov.; Fig. 66: C. candida spec. nov.

FIGURES 67–70: Internal female genitalia; Figs. 67: Craspedochaeta pleuralis (Williston, 1896); Figs. 68: C. pollostos spec. nov.; Figs. 69: C. weemsi spec. nov.; Figs. 70: C. synneura (Hennig, 1938).