Cardiacephala arthritica ( Wiedemann, 1830 ) Ferro & Marshall, 2018

Ferro, Gustavo Borges & Marshall, Stephen A., 2018, A revision of the Neotropical ant-like genus Cardiacephala Macquart, including Plocoscelus Enderlein syn. nov. (Diptera: Micropezidae, Taeniapterinae), Zootaxa 4429 (3), pp. 401-458 : 413-416

Cardiacephala arthritica ( Wiedemann, 1830) new combination

( Figs. 12–15 )

Calobata arthritica Wiedemann, 1830: 546 .

Plocoscelus arthriticus (Wiedemann) , Enderlein 1922: 227.

Cardiacephala myrmex Schiner 1868 , Hennig 1935: 45.

Plocoscelus fuscimanus Czerny 1931: 25 , Hennig 1935: 45.

Plocoscelus plurimaculatus Czerny, 1932: 286 . New synonym

Description: Body length 9 mm, wing 5 mm. Abdominal colour all or mostly yellow, last three tergites sometimes all or mostly dark. Palpus mostly brown, white on outer face. Clypeus brown. First flagellomere brown. Frontoorbital plates brown, opaque. Row of katepisternal setae whitish, some of them shiny gold. Femora yellow and shiny. Fore tibia dark brown. Fore tarsus dark brown with gold/whitish pubescence ventrally at base of tarsomere one. Oviscape brown and shiny. Epandrium yellow.

Head: Palpus broadened basally and gradually tapering to apex. Clypeus short, length less than half of width in anterior view. First flagellomere covered by golden microsetulae. Two frontal setae. Vertex rounded and shiny. Paracephalon smooth, without swelling (not extending beyond the vertex). Inner vertical seta insertion flat, without tubercle. Black supracervical setae sparse, weak.

Thorax: Mesonotum golden pruinose with some sparse golden setulae. Scutellum upturned, triangular. Femora with sparse black microsetulae. Mid and hind tibia flattened, but sulcus on outer face weak. Wing with stigmatal and discal bands, apex clear with a dark and narrow preapical pigmentation. Crossvein r-m with small dark spot. R4+5 and M1+2 meeting at the wing margin. A1+CuA2 as long as CuA2. Female cervical sclerite smooth, without swelling.

Abdomen: Tergites with sparse brownish setulae. Female abdomen: Single spermathecal duct apically broad, ending in a cylindrical spermatheca. Paired spermathecal duct smooth and delimited by a narrow basal half and a broader distal half. Paired spermathecal duct stems thin and smooth in basal third, followed by a rounded swelling and a small appendix before the spermathecae ( Fig. 13 ). Paired spermathecae sac-like (distally swollen and tapered basally) and deeply invaginated. Male abdomen: Ejaculatory apodeme about same length as epandrium and with a broad blade (wider than sperm pump), sperm pump helmet-shaped ( Fig. 15 ). Phallapodeme extending to anterior limit of hypandrium. Distiphallus long, longer than epandrium, ending in phallic bulb, phallic bulb subequal in length and width.

Type material: Holotype of Calobata arthritica Wiedemann (1 ♀, ZMHB): Locality, collector and date not cited; Cardiacephala myrmex Schiner (sex unknown, NMW): “South America”; Plocoscelus fuscimanus Czerny (1 ♀, 1 ♂, ZMHB, not examined); COSTA RICA, von Surrubres coll.; Plocoscelus plurimaculatus Czerny (1 ♀, ZMUH, destroyed, not examined): ECUADOR, Guayaquil. R. Paessler coll, 19.VI.

Material examined: BELIZE. Cayo, San Ignacio, Maya Mt. Lodge, 17º9’0” N 89º4’0” W, 18.I.1991, S. A. Marshall (1 ♀, 1 ♂, DEBU 00151681, DEBU 00151696); San Ignacio, Maya Mtn. Lodge, malaise, 17.I.1991, S. A.

Marshall (2 ♀, DEBU); COLOMBIA. Chocó, PNN Utriá, Centro de Visitantes, 6º01’09” N 77º20’55” W, 2 m, 16.VIII–7.IX.2000, M. 820, J. Pérez (1 ♂, IAVH); Magdalena, Tayrona Natl. Pk., Admin. Cañaveral, 30 m, malaise trap, 26.IV–12.V.2000, R. Henriquez (1 ♀, DEBU 00138440, IAVH); Magdalena, Tayrona Natl. Pk., Pueblito, 225 m, malaise trap, 26.IV–13.V.2000, R. Henriquez (1 ♀, DEBU 00138445, IAVH); COSTA RICA. Alajuela, San Ramón, Bio. Stn. 700 m, creek bed, YPT, C-10, 24–26.III.1996, L. Masner (1 ♀, DEBU 00338273); Alajuela, San Ramón, Bio. Res. 900 m, IV–V.2000, P. Hanson (3 ♀, DEBU 00206308, DEBU 00206303, DEBU 00206312); Alajuela, San Gerardo, Bio. Stn. 15.VIII.2010, M. D. Jackson (2 ♀, DEBU 00332191, DEBU 00332193); Alajuela, San Gerardo, 1200 m, sweep in banana grove, 15.XII.1994, D. C. Caloren (1 ♀, DEBU); Alajuela, San Ramón, Biol. Res. 900 m, IV–V.2000, P. Hanson. (1 ♀, DEBU 00206304); Alajuela, Volcan Tenorio, N slope nr. Bijagua Biol. Sta., 700 m, rain forest, pans, 19–20.VI.2000, M. Buck (1 ♀, DEBU 00132496,); Alajuela, Volcan Tenorio, Bijagua Biol. Sta., 700 m, 20.VI.2000, M. Buck (4 ♀, 2 ♂, DEBU 00118410, DEBU 00118411, DEBU 00118412, DEBU 00118413, DEBU 00118414, DEBU 00118415, DEBU 00118416); Braulio Carillo NP, Quebrada Gonzalez, 15.VIII.2013, S. A. Marshall (2 ♀, DEBU); Estrella Valley, Pandora, 16. III.1 984, FIT, GV Manley & HF Howden (8 ♀, 1 ♂, DEBU); Cartago, Tapanti Natl. Pk. Ranger Sta., 1200 m, pans, 7–11.X.1999, M. Buck (4 ♀, 2 ♂, DEBU 00105426, DEBU 00105428, DEBU 00105431, DEBU 00105433, DEBU 00105438, DEBU 00132496); Estrella Valley, Pandora, 28.III.1984, Malaise trap, GV Manley (2 ♀, DEBU); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 1.VII.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap. M/07/141 (3 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 2.III.1993, ALAS (8 ♀, 1 ♂, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 1.VI.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/12/118 (1 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 15.II.1994, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/11/357 (1 ♀, 1 ♂, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 1.XI.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/01/248 (2 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 15.VI.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/01/108 (1 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 1.IX.1993, ALAS (1 ♂, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 3.VIII.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/01/164 (2 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 16.IV.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/12/075 (1 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 15.IV.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/01/64 (1 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 1.III.1994, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/01/360 (3 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 15.I.1994, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/01/320 (1 ♀, 1 ♂, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 2.IV.1993, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/11/58 (1 ♀, MNCR); Heredia, Estac. Biol. La Selva, 15.III.1994, ALAS, Mal. trap, M/11/381 (1 ♂, DEBU); Heredia, La Selva, Estac. Biol. Nr Puerto Viejo, mainly trail, 9–10.II.2003, M. Pollet (3 ♀, 2 ♂, DEBU 00241586, DEBU 00241587, DEBU 00241588, DEBU 00241589, IRSNB); Heredia, La Selva, Estac. Biol. Nr Puerto Viejo, mainly trail, 9–10.II.2003, M. Pollet (1 ♀, DEBU 00241590, IRSNB, sequence MYCRO 287–17); Heredia, Rara Avis Nat. Res. 12 km S Las Horquetas, 10º17’00” N 84º02’50” W, 700 m, 22–27.II.2005, S. A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU 00241677); Limon, Siqueres, Pacuarito, Los Birsas, trail betw. Est. El Palenque and Rio Dantas, “aquarium 2 forest”, 500– 275 m, 26.VIII.1996, Bert Viklund (1 ♂, DEBU); Limon, Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m R, Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere, X.1991, G. Garballo (1 ♂, DEBU); Osa Peninsula, Fundacion Neotropical Centro Juvenil tropical near Rincon, - 50 m. 8.7’N 83.52º W, pan trap, 10–11.VIII.2001, J. M. Cumming (1 ♀, 2 ♂, CNC 135522, CNC 135523, CNC 135524); Pérez Zeledon, Rivas, 820 m, 27.XII.1998 – 5.I.1999, B.D. Gill (1 ♀, DEBU 00151096); Puntarenas, Cabuya, Rio Cabo Blanco, 50 m, 22.III.1997, F. Alvarado (1 ♂, DEBU); Puntarenas, Hacienda Barú de Dominical Reserve, 2 km N, 22–25.II.2008, S. A. Marshall (2 ♀, 1 ♂, DEBU 00294609, DEBU 00294669, DEBU 00294671); Puntarenas, Monteverde, San Luis, 1000–1350 m, Malaise trap, I.1993, Z. Fuentes (1 ♀, DEBU 00138158); Puntarenas, Monteverde, San Luis, 1100 m, on dung, III.2002, P. D. Careless (1 ♂, DEBU 00200254); Puntarenas, Osa Pen, Rincon, 2.5 km S, - 50 m, 8º 42’ 1 N 83º30’50 W, sweep, 10–11.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (3 ♀, DEBU 00187562, DEBU 00187567, DEBU 00168076); Puntarenas, Osa Pen. Rincon. 2.5 km S, 50 m, 8º 42’ 1 N, 83º30’50, 10– 11.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (2 ♀, DEBU 00168059, DEBU 00168068); Puntarenas, Osa Pen, Rincon, 2.5 km S, 50 m, 8º 42’ 1 N 83º30’50 W, trail nr. station, human dung, 10–11.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (3 ♀, 2 ♂, DEBU 00168238, DEBU 00168239, DEBU 00168244, DEBU 00168247, DEBU 00168253); Puntarenas, Osa Pen. Rincon, 2.5 km S, 50 m, 8º 42’ 4 N, 83º30.8’ W., K. N. Barber trailside forest sweeps, 10–11.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (3 ♀, DEBU); Puntarenas, Osa Pen. Rincon, 2.5 km S, 50 m, 8º 42’ 1 N 83º30’ 50 W. Rain forest, 10– 11.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU 00168271); Puntarenas, Osa Pen, Rincon, 2.5 km S, 50 m, 8º 42’ 1 N 83º30’50 W, sweep, 10.VIII.2001, M. Buck (1 ♀, DEBU 00188274); Puntarenas, Osa Pen, 2.5 km S Rincon, 8º 42’ 4 N 83º30.8’ W., K. N. Barber trailside forest sweeps, 10.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU); Puntarenas, Osa Pen, Rincon, 2.5 km S, 50 m, 8º 42’ 1 N 83º30’50 W, slash pile, yellow pans, 10–11.VIII.2001, M. Buck (1 ♀, DEBU 00187558); Puntarenas, Rancho Quemado, 200 m, Peninsula de Osa, VII.1992, L-S 292500 511000, F. Quesada (1 ♀, DEBU); Puntarenas, San Miguel Send. Maven, 100 m, 20.III.1997, F. Alvarado (1 ♂, DEBU); Puntarenas, San Pedrillo, 8º37.2’N 83º44.1’W, 12–15.VIII.2001, D. Wayne & N. Mathis (1 ♀, USNM 00190517); San Jose, Pérez, Zeledón, Rivas, 820 m, 27.XII.1998 – 5.I.1999, B. D. Gill (2 ♀, DEBU 00151033, DEBU 00151034); San José, San Antonio de Escazu, 1300 m, Creek bed, yellow pans, 4–5.III.1996, L. Masner (1 ♂, DEBU 00312394); San Jose, San Carlos, Riosparaiso Res. Pecari Stn., 16 km NNE Quepos 400 m, 9º33’53” N 84º7’32” W, 15.II.2003, S. A. Marshall (1 ♀, 1 ♂, DEBU 00205698, DEBU 00205732); Santa Elena, San Luis Lodge, 15.XII.2002 – 3.I.2003, P. D. Careless (1 ♀, 1♂, DEBU 00187584, DEBU 00206258); Puntarenas, Santa Elena, San Luis Lodge, I.2001, P. D. Careless (1 ♀, DEBU 00187589); Puntarenas, Santa Elena, San Luis Lodge, II.2002, P. D. Careless (2 ♀, 1 ♂, DEBU 00187585, DEBU 00187585, DEBU 00187586, DEBU 00187588); Puntarenas, Corcovado Natl. Pk., San Pedrillo, 5–50 m, 8º37’15” N, 83º44’6” E, 13.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (3 ♀, 3 ♂, DEBU 00168164, DEBU 00168166, DEBU 00168169, DEBU 00168175, DEBU 00168176, DEBU 00168177); Puntarenas, Corcovado Natl. Pk., San Pedrillo, 5–50 m, 8º37’15” N 83º44’6” E, 12– 14.VIII.2001, S. A. Marshall (7 ♀, 3 ♂, DEBU 00 168104, DEBU 00168142, DEBU 00168143, DEBU 00168144, DEBU 00168145, DEBU 00168146, DEBU 00168148, DEBU 00168149, DEBU 00168152, DEBU 00168157); ECUADOR. Esmeraldas, Mayronga, 100 m, 14.XI.1993, G. Onore & E. Tapia (1 ♀, 1 ♂, CMNH); Pichincha, 250 m, 47 km S Sto. Domingo, Rio Palenque Station, 17–25.II.1979, S. Peck (1 ♀, DEBU); Pichincha, 250 m, 47 km S Sto. Domingo, Rio Palenque Station, 17–25.II.1979, S. A. Marshall (1 ♂, DEBU); Esmeraldas, Mayronga, 100 m, 14.XI.1993, G. Onore, E. Tapia (1 ♀, DEBU); Pichincha, 250 m, 47 km S Sto. Domingo, Rio Palenque Station, 17– 25.II.1979, S. A. Marshall (1 ♀, 1 ♂, DEBU); Pichincha, Rio Palenque Stn., 47 km S Santo Domingo, carrion trap, 29–30.V.1975, S. Peck (1 ♀, DEBU 00242005); Pichincha, Rio Palenque Stn., 47 km S Santo Domingo, carrion trap, 25–26.V.1975, S. Peck (1 ♀, DEBU 00242008); Pichincha, Rio Palenque, malaise, II.1983, M. J. Sharkey (1 ♂, DEBU); HONDURAS. Middlesex, 125 m, 8.IV.1965, E. C. Welling (1 ♂, CNC 503337); MEXICO. Chiapas, Yaxoquintelaa, 550 m, 16-58 N 91-47 W, 5–8.X.1978, John E. Rawlins (3 ♀, 2 ♂, CMNH); Chiapas, Yaxoquintelaa, 560 m, 16-58 N 91-47 W, 11–20.VIII.1978, John E. Rawlins (5 ♀, CMNH); Chiapas, Yaxoquintelaa, 560 m, 16-58 N 91-47 W, 21–30.VIII.1978, John E. Rawlins (4 ♀, 6 ♂, CMNH); Chiapas, Yaxoquintelaa, 560 m, 16-58 N 91-47 W, 21–31.VIII.1978, John E. Rawlins (1 ♀, CMNH); Chiapas, 600 ft, Palenque, 22–23.VI.1969. W. R. M. Mason (1 ♀, CNC 503336); PANAMA. Canal Zone, Barro Colorado, Island, VII.1956, Carl W. & Marian E. Rettenmeyer (1 ♂, DEBU); Chiriqui, Chorcha, waterfall at base of falls, 12.X.1982, G. Otis (2 ♂, DEBU 00241880, DEBU 00241881); VENEZUELA. Punta (Merida), Rio Chama, sweep, 25.IV.1988, S. A. Marshall (1 ♀, DEBU); San Esteban, XI.1939, P. Anduze (1 ♂, USNM); Tovar Merida, 7.VIII.1943, P. Anduze (1 ♀, USNM).

Distribution: Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Venezuela.

Comments: P. plurimaculatus Czerny 1932 apparently differs from C. arthritica only in having a darker thorax. We examined dark specimens that fit the description of P. plurimaculatus but found no significant differences from C. arthritica in external and internal morphology. Reference to Czerny’s type specimens is impossible since the Hamburg Museum burned down when it was bombed in 1943, destroying all Micropezidae types. Nonetheless, we here treat P. plurimaculatus as a synonym of C. arthritica .

Figures

FIGURES 12–15. Cardiacephala arthritica. 12, female, Costa Rica; 13, Female genitalia with taxonomically significant structures labeled, ventral view. Abbreviations: bc—Bursa copulatrix, pd—Paired spermathecal duct, pds—Paired spermathecal duct stem, ps—Paired spermathecae, sd—Single spermathecal duct, ss—Single spermathecae, vr—Ventral receptacle (...) Abbreviations: ec—Epicephalon, fr—Frontal setae, iv—Inner vertical seta, os—Orbital seta, ov—Outer vertical seta, pc—Paracephalon, po—Postocellar seta, vx—Vertex (…) Abbreviation: s5—Sternite 5.