Bombusbahiensis SantosJúnior & Silveirasp, 2015

Júnior, José Eustáquio Santos, Santos, Fabrício R. & Silveira, Fernando A., 2015, Hitting an Unintended Target: Phylogeography of Bombus brasiliensis Lepeletier, 1836 and the First New Brazilian Bumblebee Species in a Century (Hymenoptera: Apidae), PLoS ONE 10 (5), pp. 1-21 : 12-13

Bombusbahiensis SantosJúnior & Silveirasp . n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D4CB4F65-BA90-4E9B-BFCF-F420A9718C25

Fig 1C and 1D

Diagnosis. No single morphological character is known to be exclusive of Bombus bahiensis sp. n., which can be distinguished from most other Brazilian bumblebee species, except B. brasiliensis , for the mesosoma dorsally yellow, traversed by a black intertegular band, which extends laterally over the lower half of the mesepisternum (and generally reaching its ventral area), and the predominantly yellow metasoma traversed by a black band in T3; from B. brasiliensis it can be distinguished by the mostly black-haired T1, with yellow and partially-yellow hairs restricted to the mid-apical margin of the tergum. Only two species are potentially sympatric with B. bahiensis sp. n., B. pauloensis (melanic form) and B. brevivillus , which can be readily distinguished from B. bahiensis for their entirely black pilosity.

Description (worker holotype). Measurements (mm): approximate body length—16.2; head (length:width)– 4.5: 4.0; labrum (length: width)– 0.4:1.7; malar area (length × width)– 0.9:1.3; clypeocellar distance—1.9; interantennal distance—0.7; antennocular distance—0.6; ocellocular distance—0.6; interocellar distance—0.7; ocellar diameter—0.2; ocelloccipital distance—0.8; scape (length:diameter)– 2.1:0.3; length of F1 and F2–0.5, 0.3; forewing length— 14.3; length of 2 ndand 3 rd submarginal cells (measured on their posterior margins)– 1.7, 1.3.

Structure: labrum biconvex; disc of clypeus depressed; malar area slightly shorter than wide; interocellar distance larger than ocellorbital.

Body color: black, except reddish-brown on posterior tibia; wings dark brown, with light cupreous hue.

Body surface: clypeus coarsely punctate, except on disc, irregularly punctate with shiny interspaces; area between lateral ocelli and eye impunctate, smooth and shiny, except for a micro-punctate region on upper paraocular area, near upper inner-margin of compound eyes, which is narrower than mid-ocellar diameter, generally occupying one third of ocellorbital distance; glabrous area on disc of mesoscutum ill-defined, mostly restricted to region posterior to median mesoscutal line, lightly micro-reticulate but shiny; glabrous shiny area on inner surface of hind femur relatively narrow (less than half the width of the surface) occupying the apical three-fourths of the femoral length.

Pubescence: on head, black bristles intermixed with greyish plumose hairs, most abundant between antennal sockets; on mesosoma, long, fine hairs with long branches, light yellow, except for black intertegular band; on inner surface of hind tibia, fine, spatulate, the flat apical portion triangular, restricted to the very tip of each seta; on T1- T5 long and fine, with long branches, on T3 light yellow, on other terga, black; on T6 black and short; on sterna and legs, black and short.

Variation: the integument varies from black to reddish brown, especially on legs and metasoma; black hairs with light-yellow tips may occur on T1.

Queen. Similar to worker, except for the vertex much elevated above level of ocelli, as normally occurs in Bombus queens.

Male. Unknown.

Holotype. “ Ilhéus BA; Brasil 18/11/2009; A. Nemésio ”, “ Euglossina da Hiléia Baiana , Campus UESC ; 16724–47065 ”, “ Bombusbahiensis ; SantosJúnior & Silveira , sp. n .; HOLOTYPUS ”. Collected in flight. Deposited at UFMG (accession number 16724–47065 ). The holotype lacks the right hind-leg, removed for DNA extraction .

Paratypes. “ Euglossina da Hiléia Baiana , Campus UESC ; 18339–52893 ”, “ Ilhéus BA; Brasil 20/02/2010; A. Nemésio ”, “ Bombusbahiensis ; SantosJúnior & Silveirasp. n.; PARATYPUS ” ; “ Euglossina da Hiléia Baiana , Campus UESC ; 18339–52894 ”, “ Ilhéus BA; Brasil 20/02/2010; A. Nemésio ” , “ Bombus bahiensis ; Santos Júnior & Silveira, sp. n.; PARATYPUS ” (both workers, deposited at UFMG) . “ Conceição da Barra ES; Brasil 31/01/1969; C. Elias & T. Elias ”, “ Bombus bahiensis ; Santos Júnior & Silveira, sp. n.; PARATYPUS ” (two workers, deposited at DZU- P) . “ Ilhéus BA; Brasil 2003; M. A. Costa ”, “ Bombus bahiensis ; Santos Júnior & Silveira, sp. n.; PARATYPUS ” (queen, deposited at DZUP) .

Etymology. The name bahiensis refers both to the Brazilian state of Bahia, where the holotype and some of the paratypes were collected, and to its habitat, the Bahia Forest (see explanation below, under “distribution”).

Distribution. The species seems to be restricted to the so-called Bahia Forest, which is the especially luxuriant Atlantic Forest formation that covers southern Bahia and northern Espírito Santo states, in Brazil ( Fig 3 ).

Figures

Fig 1. Types of Bombus brasiliensis Lepeletier, 1836 and Bombus bahiensis sp. n. Lectotype of B. brasiliensis—A: lateral view of head, mesosoma and metasoma; B: dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma. Holotype of B. bahiensis sp. n.—C: lateral view of head, mesosoma and metasoma; D: dorsal view of mesosoma and metasoma.

Fig 3. Distribution of Bombus brasiliensis Lepeletier, 1836 and Bombus bahiensis sp. n. Records for B. bahiensis are represented by triangles (the black triangle,the gray triangle and the gray triangle with black point represents a population used in mtDNA analyzed, a population used in morphologic analyzed and a population inferred to belong to the species based on descriptions in Moure &Sakagami [23], respectively); records for B. brasiliensis are represented by circles (the black circle denote sites represented by mtDNA). Records were compiled from the literature [23, 60, 73] and from specimens deposited at UFMG and/or listed in S1 Table. Acronyms represent Brazilian states, as follows:BA = Bahia; ES = Espírito Santo; MG = Minas Gerais; RJ = Rio de Janeiro; SP = São Paulo; PR = Paraná; SC = Santa Catarina; RS = Rio Grande do Sul; MT = Mato Grosso; GO = Goiás; MS = Mato Grosso do Sul; DF = Distrito Federal. Localities mentioned in the text are indicated. The stippled line indicated by black arrow represents the Doce river.