Aleochara (Aleochara) postica Walker, 1858

Yamamoto, Shûhei & Maruyama, Munetoshi, 2016, Revision of the subgenus Aleochara Gravenhorst of the parasitoid rove beetle genus Aleochara Gravenhorst of Japan (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), Zootaxa 4101 (1), pp. 1-68 : 42-49

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4101.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:53A25A6F-72AF-4B61-B8DA-E427FA2B634F

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6056042

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87F7-FFF9-0D51-FF21-FEB3FD98FE98

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Aleochara (Aleochara) postica Walker, 1858
status

 

Aleochara (Aleochara) postica Walker, 1858 View in CoL

( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 , 14–15 View FIGURES 10 – 18 , 23–24 View FIGURES 19 – 27 , 32–33 View FIGURES 28 – 36 , 41 View FIGURES 37 – 44 , 79–85 View FIGURES 79 – 85 , 113 View FIGURES 107 – 119 –116, 125 View FIGURES 125 – 126 )

Aleochara postica Walker, 1858: 205 View in CoL (original description; type locality: Ceylon, unspecified); Fenyes, 1920: 399 [as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); catalogue of world species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ]; Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 778 [as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); catalogue of world species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ]; Cameron, 1939: 626 [as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); in key to Indian species of subgenus Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.)], 627 (redescription); Smetana, 2004b: 354 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; catalogue of Palearctic species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ); Luo & Zhao, 2012: 180 [as Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); in key to Chinese species of subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ], 198 (redescription); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 491 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; catalogue of Palearctic species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ).

Aleochara haematopyga Kraatz, 1859: 15 View in CoL (original description; type locality: Ceylon); Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 778 [as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.)]; Fenyes, 1920: 416 (as incertae sedis within genus Aleochara View in CoL ); Smetana, 2004b: 354 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; as synonym of A. postica View in CoL ); Luo & Zhao, 2012: 198 [as Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); as synonym of A. postica View in CoL ]; Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 491 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; as synonym of A. postica View in CoL ).

Aleochara clavigera Sharp, 1874: 7 (original description, as “ claviger View in CoL ”; type locality: Japan, unspecified); Fenyes, 1920: 399 [as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); catalogue of world species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ; Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926: 776 [as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); catalogue of world species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ]; Smetana, 2004b: 353 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; catalogue of Palearctic species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ); Park & Ahn, 2009: 521 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; redescription, as “ claviger View in CoL ”; synonymised Al. niponensis View in CoL under A. clavigera , wrong arrangement based on misidentification; lectotype designation; record from Korea); Park & Ahn, 2010a: 317 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; in key to Far-Eastern species of subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ); Luo & Zhao, 2012: 180 [as Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); in key to Chinese species of subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ], 191 (redescription); Shibata et al., 2013: 105 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; catalogue of Japanese species of Staphylinidae View in CoL ); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 491 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; catalogue of Palearctic species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ). New synonymy

Aleochara nitouensis Bernhauer, 1935: 13 (original description; type locality: China, Szechuan, Tatsieniu, Nitou); Smetana, 2004b: 354 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; catalogue of Palearctic species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ); Luo & Zhao, 2012: 180 [as Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); in key to Chinese species of subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ], 197 (redescription); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 491 (as subgenus Aleochara View in CoL ; catalogue of Palearctic species of Aleocharinae View in CoL ). New synonymy

Aleochara marginicollis Cameron, 1942: 847 [as Aleochara View in CoL (s. str.); original description; type locality: Nord-Celebes (North Sulawesi], Toli Toli)]. New synonymy

Type material. A. postica : Holotype, female, “ Type [RRL] // Ceylon [HW] / 59 [ US, HW] / 106 [ US, HW] // postica [HW]” (pinned; most parts of antennae, wings, legs missing; abdominal segments VIII-X and spermatheca dissected and mounted in Euparal by MM) (PL, 1.23 mm; PW, 1.85 mm) ( BMNH).

A. clavigera : Lectotype, female, “ Type [RRL] // Japan. / G. Lewis // Sharp Coll. / 1905-313. // SYN- / TYPE [ BRL] // Aleochara claviger . / Type D.S. [HW] // Lectotype / Aleochara claviger / Sharp, 1874 / Desig. Park & Ahn, 2007 [HW]” (abdominal segments VIII-X and spermatheca dissected and mounted in Euparal by MM) (PL, 1.60 mm; PW, 2.66 mm; HTL, 1.41 mm) ( BMNH); paralectotype, male, “SYN- / TYPE [ BRL] // Japan. / G. Lewis / 1910-320 // Aleochara / claviger / mihi D.S. [HW]” (abdominal segments IX-X and aedeagus dissected and mounted on PC, median lobe of aedeagus destroyed by PR) (PL, 1.38 mm; PW, 1.96 mm; HTL, 1.33 mm) ( BMNH).

A. nitouensis : Syntype, 1 male, “Para- / type [ YRCL] // Nitou [Chongqing] Tatsienlu / Szechuan [Sichuan] China // Em. Reitter // Cotype // M. Cameron / Bequest / B.M. 1955-147” (median lobe of aedeagus pulled out by PR; and mounted in Euparal by MM) ( BMNH); syntype, 1 female, “Nitou Tatsienlu / Szechuan China // Em. Reitter // nitouensis / Brnh. Typus / aleochara // Chicago NHMus / M. Bernhauer / Collection” ( FMNH; Fig. 115 View FIGURES 107 – 119 ); syntype, 1 female, “Nitou Tatsienlu / Szechuan China // Em. Reitter // Aleochara / nitouensis / Brnh. Cotyp. [HW] // Coll. E. Reitter / B. M. 1934-449” (abdominal segments VIII-X and spermatheca glued on a card with the body) ( BMNH); syntype, 1 female, “Nitou Tatsienlu / Szechuan China // Em. Reitter // Aleochara / nitouensis / Brnh. Cotyp. [HW] // Beine / dunkler [HW] // 1 Frihlergl / dunkler [HW] // Chicago NHMus / M. Bernhauer / Collection // Brit. Mus / 1956-70 ” (abdominal segments VIII-X dissected and glued on a PC with the body by PR, spermatheca missing) ( BMNH); syntypes, 2 females, “Tempelberg / 900 m // Ginyün b. Bébé / C. China Rttr. // nitouensis / Brnh. / Cotypus [HW] // Chicago NHMus / M. Bernhauer / Collection” ( FMNH; one of which is shown: Fig. 116 View FIGURES 107 – 119 ).

A. marginicollis : Holotype, male, “Nord-Celebes / Toli Toli // Nov.-Dez. 1895 / H. Fruhstorfer // A. / marginicollis / TYPE Cam. [HW]” (abdominal segments VII-X and aedeagus dissected and glued on a PC with the body) (PL, 1.28 mm; PW, 1.77 mm; HTL, 1.13 mm) ( BMNH).

Non-type material. JAPAN: [HOKKAIDÔ]: 1 unsexed (preserved in 99.5% EtOH for DNA sequencing), Nukabira-ko Lake, Kamishihoro-chô, 11–12.vii.2014, S. Yamamoto leg. (KUM); 1 unsexed, Nukabira-ko Lake, Kamishihoro-chô, 13.vii.2014, S. Yamamoto leg. (KUM); 3 males, 1 female, 10 unsexed, Nopporo, Ebetsu-shi, 27.vi.1986, M. Ôhara leg. (KUM); 4 males, 3 unsexed, Nopporo, Ebetsu-shi, 12.vi.1987, M. Ôhara leg. (KUM); 1 unsexed, Nopporo, Ebetsu-shi, 26.vi.1987, M. Ôhara leg. (KUM); 1 unsexed, Nopporo, Ebetsu-shi, 29.viii.1987, M. Ôhara leg. (KUM); 1 male, 3 unsexed, Nopporo, Ebetsu-shi, 3.ix.1987, M. Ôhara leg. (KUM); 1 female, Nopporo, Ebetsu-shi, 7.x.1987, M. Ôhara leg. (KUM); 1 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 31.v.1991, M. Ôhara leg. ( OCM); 6 males, 1 female, 15 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 21.vi.1991, M. Ôhara leg. ( OCM); 10 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 21.vi.1991 Y. Sasaki leg. ( OCM); 12 males, 18 females, 64 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 23.viii.1991, Y. Sasaki leg. ( OCM); 2 males, 3 females, 33 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 31.viii.1991, M. Ôhara leg. ( OCM); 3 males, 4 females, 10 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 12.ix.1991, M. Ôhara leg. ( OCM); 1 male, 4 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 13.ix.1991, M. Ôhara leg. ( OCM); 1 female, 7 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 20.ix.1991, M. Ôhara leg. ( OCM); 1 male, 1 female, 11 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 27.ix.1991, M. Ôhara leg. ( OCM); 6 males, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 4.vi.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 3 males, 2 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 12.vi.1992, M.

Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 13 males, 1 female, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 18.vi.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 4 males, 3 females, 10 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 25.vi.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 2 males, 2 females, 21 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 2.vii.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 4 males, 3 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 11.vii.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 3 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 18.vii.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 1 male, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 30.vii.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 3 females, 7 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 14.viii.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 1 male, 13 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 21.viii.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 4 males, 3 females, 24 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 6.ix.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 1 female, 13 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 12.ix.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 10 males, 7 females, 36 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 18.ix.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 1 male, 14 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 23.ix.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 1 male, 38 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 1.x.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 4 males, 2 females, 26 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 8.x.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 1 female, 27 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 15.x.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 1 female, 10 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 22.x.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); 10 unsexed, Nagahashinaebo, Otaru-shi, 29.x.1992, M. Ôhara leg., from baited trap ( OCM); [HONSHÛ]: 1 male, 1 unsexed, Sebechi, Yomogitamachi, Aomori-ken, 22.ix.2006, H. Kamezawa leg. (cHK); 3 males, 1 female, 19 unsexed, Kawairi, Yamato-machi, Kitakata-shi, Fukushima-ken, 14-15.vi.1998, M. Maruyama leg., from carrion trap (KUM); 1 unsexed, infront of Kamiiyori-shiobara Station, Nikkô-shi, Tochigi-ken, 2.viii.2003, K. Haga leg., from dog feces on edge of secondary broad-leaved forest (KUM); 1 female, Watarase-yûsuichi retarding basin, Tochigi-shi, Tochigi-ken, 24.iv.2002, T. Watanabe leg. (cTW); 1 male, 1 female, near Nidoage, Gunma-ken, 21.viii.1960, Y. Shibata leg. (KUM); 1 male, Nagatoya, Inzai-shi, Chiba-ken, 1.vi.1991, T. Takeda leg. (KUM); 1 female, Jinbee, Inzai-shi, Chiba-ken, 22.x.1989, T. Takeda leg. (KUM); 1 male, Jôza, Sakura-shi, Chiba-ken, 26.iv-2.v.1998, M. Sato leg., from carrion trap (KUM); 3 males, 1 female, 5 unsexed, Jôza, Sakura-shi, Chiba-ken, 24-26.vi.1998, M. Maruyama leg., from carrion trap (KUM); 1 female, Azeta, Sakura-shi, Chiba-ken, 20.x.1997, M. Maruyama leg. (KUM); 1 male, 1 unsexed, Azata, Sakura-shi, Chiba-ken, 26.iv–2.v.1998, M. Sano leg., from carrion trap (KUM); 1 unsexed, Koshinozuka, Sakura-shi, Chiba-ken, 2–4.x.1997, M. Maruyama & M. Sano leg., from carrion trap (KUM); 1 male, 1 unsexed, Gongenno-mori, Nagara-machi, Chiba-ken, 12.vi.1993, T. Takeda leg. (KUM); 1 male, Nagara, Nagara-machi, Chiba-ken, 18.ix.1988, T. Takeda leg. (KUM); 1 female, Uchiurayama, Kamogawa-shi, Chiba-ken, 23.v.1991, T. Takeda leg. (KUM); 1 female, Uchiurayama, Kamogawa-shi, Chiba-ken, 2.vi.1991, T. Takeda leg. (KUM); 1 female, Setagaya-ku, Tôkyô-to, 9.vi.1955, Y. Shibata leg. (KUM); 1 male, 1 unsexed, Sato ~ Kawada, Mikurajima-mura (Mikura-jima Is.), Tôkyô-to, 2.vii.2012, H. Kamezawa leg. (cHK); 1 male, 2 females, 1 unsexed, Sato ~ Kawada, Mikurajima-mura (Mikura-jima Is.), Tôkyô-to, 13.v.2013, H. Kamezawa leg., from carcass of streaked shearwater (cHK); 1 male, Kawada, Mikurajima-mura (Mikura-jima Is.), Tôkyô-to, 22.vii.1975, J. Okuma leg. (KUM); 4 males, 1 female, 1 unsexed, Sato (in Mt. Kurosakitakao-san), Mikurajima-mura (Mikura-jima Is.), Tôkyô-to, 14.v.2013, H. Kamezawa leg., from carcass of streaked shearwater (cHK); 1 unsexed, Suzuharashitsugen Moor, Mikurajima-mura (Mikura-jima Is.), Tôkyô-to, 12.vi.2010, J. Aoki leg. (KUM); 1 male, Yamanaka-chô, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa-ken, 24–26.vii.1996, K. Ishida et al. leg. (KUM); 1 male, near Kurokuragawa River, Kanagawa-ken, 21.ix.1993, Y. Shibata leg. (KUM); 1 male, 65 unsexed, Yûkyûzan-kôen Park, Nagaoka-shi, Niigata-ken, 17.vii.1998, M. Maruyama leg., from colony of snowy heron (KUM); 1 unsexed, Renge-onsen, Itoigawa-shi, Niigata-ken, 15–16.vii.1997, M. Maruyama leg., alt. 1500m (KUM); 4 males, 1 female, 11 unsexed, Masutomi-onsen, Hokuto-shi, Yamanashi-ken, 9–10.vii.1998, M. Maruyama leg., from carrion trap (KUM); 1 unsexed, Sawara-ike Pond, Nirasaki-shi, Yamanashi-ken, 8–9.vii.1998, M. Maruyama leg., alt. 1200m, from carrion trap (KUM); 1 female, Ôdairahara, Azumino-shi, Nagano-ken, 12–13.vii.1998, M. Maruyama leg. (KUM); 1 female, Mizugatsuka, Suyama, Susono-shi, Shizuoka-ken, 28.v–4.vi.2014, T. Watanabe leg., from baited trap (silkworm pupa powder) (cTW); 1 male, 1 female, Mts. Amagi-san, Shizuoka-ken, 21.viii.1955, Y. Shibata leg. (KUM); 1 male, 2 females, 6 unsexed, Mts. Amagi-san, Shizuoka-ken, 17.vii.1955, Y. Shibata leg. (KUM); 1 unsexed, Ômi, Ôhara, Sakyô-ku, Kyôto-shi, Kyôto-fu, 26–28.iv.1984, M. Hasegawa leg. (KUM); 1 female, 1 unsexed, Ômi, Ôhara, Sakyô-ku, Kyôto-shi, Kyôto-fu, 15.viii.1984, M. Hasegawa leg. (KUM); 1 male, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Kyôtanba-chô. Kyôto-fu, 29.vii.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 5 males, 2 females, Mt. Amaishiyama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 29.ix.1979, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 unsexed, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 21.iv.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 17.v.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 female, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 21.v.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 23.v.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 2 males, 2 unsexed, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 24.v.1980, Y. Hayashi leg., from trap (cYH); 1 female, 3 unsexed, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 28.v.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 30.v.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 female, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgoken, 2.vi.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, 1 unsexed, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 4.vi.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 6.vi.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Mt. Amaishi-yama, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 8.x.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 3 males, 1 female, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 30.v.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 2.viii.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 2 males, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 11.viii.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, 1 unsexed, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 29.viii.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgoken, 13.ix.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 16.ix.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Sasayama-shi, Hyôgo-ken, 20.x.1980, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Hirai, Kozagawa-chô, Wakayama-ken, 12.vii.1999, M. Maruyama leg. (KUM); 1 male, 2 females, Hirai, Kozagawa-chô, Wakayama-ken, 13.vii.1999, M. Maruyama leg. (KUM); 1 male, Hirai, Kozagawa-chô, Wakayama-ken, 14.vii.1999, M. Maruyama leg. (KUM); 4 males, Hirai, Kozagawa-chô, Wakayama-ken, 15.vii.1999, M. Maruyama leg. (KUM); 1 unsexed, near Kazafukitôge Pass, Wakayama-ken, 9.x.1959, Y. Hayashi leg. (cYH); 1 male, Mt. Dai-sen (summer climbing road), Tottoriken, 24-26.viii.1986, H. Ogino leg., alt. 750–1600m (st. 13) (EUM); [SHIKOKU]: 1 female, Tsudachô, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima-ken, 8.ix.1965, M. Sakai leg. (EUM); 1 male, Mt. Takamaru, Kamikatsu-chô, Tokushima-ken, 28.v–18.vi.2005, M. Yoshida leg., from fowl trap (KUM); 1 female, Meoto-ike Pond, Tsurugi-chô, Tokushima-ken, 14–15.vii.1984, T. Nagata leg., alt. 490m (EUM); 1 unsexed, Gyôba-Ichinomori (Mt. Tsurugisan), Miyoshi-shi, Tokushima-ken, 15–16.vii.1984, T. Nagata leg., alt. 1700–1870m (EUM); 1 male, 1 female, Ôtsurugi (Mt. Tsurugi-san), Higashiiya, Miyoshi-shi, Tokushima-ken, 5.vi–3.vii.2006. M. Yoshida leg., alt. 1800m, from fowl trap (KUM); 1 unsexed, Tateiwakomenono, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 1–2.vi.1996, T. Konishi leg., by baited trap (EUM); 3 unsexed, Tateiwakomenono, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 1–2.vi.1996, K. Kasahara leg., by baited trap (EUM); 1 male, 3 unsexed, Tateiwakomenono, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 1–2.vi.1996, S. Nakai leg., by baited trap (EUM); 2 unsexed, Tateiwakomenono, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 1–2.vi.1996, S. Hayakawa leg., by baited trap (EUM); 1 male, 3 unsexed, Tateiwakomenono, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 1–2.vi.1996, Y. Suzuki leg., by baited trap (EUM); 2 unsexed, Tateiwakomenono, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 1–2.vi.1996, K. Yamanaka leg., by baited trap (EUM); 2 males, Tateiwakomenno, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 29.v.2005, Y. Katayama leg. (EUM); 2 males, 1 female, 3 unsexed, Sugitatemachi, Matsuyama-shi, Ehime-ken, 4.v.2008, Y. Satô leg. (EUM); 1 unsexed, Ôhira, Iuchi, Tôon-shi, Ehime-ken, 23–29.vii.2007, J. Ogawa leg., from flight interception trap (EUM); 3 males, 2 females, 1 unsexed, Watamaru, Sunouchi, Tôon-shi, Ehime-ken, 26.vi.2007, Y. Satô leg. (EUM); 1 female, Tsuchigoya (Omogo-kei, Mt. Ishizuchi-yama), Kumakôgen-chô Ehime-ken, 3–7.viii.1986, M. Ebihara leg., from chicken trap (st. 47) (EUM); 1 male, Mt. Saraga-mine, Kumakôgen-chô, Ehime-ken, 18.vi.2006, Y. Satô leg. (EUM); 1 male, Mt. Odai-yama, Uchiko-chô, Ehime-ken, 10–16.viii.1994, no collector’s name, from benzyl athetate trap (EUM); 1 male, Takagawa, Seiyo-shi, Ehime-ken, 18.x.1968, M. Sakai leg. (EUM); 1 male, Befu, Monobe-son, Kôchi-ken, 12.vi.1994, I. Yamashita leg. (EUM); [KYÛSHÛ]: 1 male, 3 unsexed, Mehorodam, Kamiagata-chô, Tsushima-shi, Nagasaki-ken, 24.v.2002, Y. & M. Kawahara leg. (KUM); 1 male, Horibata, Shimabara-shi, Nagasaki-ken, 30.vii.1977, S. Imasaka leg. (KUM); 1 male, Mt. Ichifusa-yama, Mizukami-mura, Kumamoto-ken, 23.vii.1969, H. Nomura leg. (cYH); 4 unsexed, Hatsuno, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 1.iv.1967, H. Nomura leg. (cYH); 3 unsexed, Hatsuno, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 2.iv.1967, H. Nomura leg. (cYH); 1 female, 1 unsexed, Hatsuno, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 3.iv.1967, H. Nomura leg. (cYH); 1 female, 4 unsexed, Ikari, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 19.vi.1961, T. Shibata leg. (cYH); 5 unsexed, Chinaze, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 6.vii.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion trap (KUM); 9 unsexed (one specimen preserved in 99.5% EtOH for DNA sequencing), Chinaze, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 7.vii.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion trap (KUM); 2 unsexed, Mt. Yuwan-dake, Yamato-son (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 20.vi.1998, K. Mizota leg., alt. 450m, from carrion trap (KUM); 1 male, Mt. Yuwan-dake, Yamato-son (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 8.viii.1998, T. Uebi leg. (KUM); 1 male, Mt. Yuwan-dake, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 27.iv.1964, K. Sako leg. (cYH); 1 unsexed, Mt.

Yuwan-dake, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 22.vi.1980, S. Imasaka leg. (KUM); 1 male, 1 unsexed, Mt. Yuwan-dake, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 29.iii.1999, (cYH); 3 unsexed, Mt. Yuwan-dake, Amami-shi (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 29.iii.1999, N. Ôbayashi leg. (EUM); 1 male, 11 unsexed, foot of Mt. Yakugachonboshi-yama, Uken-son (Amami-ôshima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 25-27.ii.2004, H. Kamezawa leg. (cHK); 2 unsexed, foot of Mt. Yakugachonboshi-yama, Uken-son (Amamiô-shima Is.), Kagoshima-ken, 27.ii.2004, H. Kamezawa leg. (cHK); 1 male, Mt. Omoto-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 23.iii.1975, H. Ôishi leg. (KUM); 1 male, 1 female, 21 unsexed, Mt. Omoto-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 2–5.ii.2009, H. Ono leg., from flight interception trap (KUM); 1 unsexed, Mt. Omoto-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 28.iii.1999, K. Emoto leg., from baited trap (silkworm pupa powder) (cTW); 1 unsexed, Mt. Omoto-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 14.iv.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion baited trap (KUM); 28 unsexed, Mt. Omoto-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 17.iv.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion baited trap (KUM); 1 female, Shiramizu, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 11.ix.1993, M. Ôhara leg. (KUM); 1 male, 5 unsexed, Takeda-rindô forestry road (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Ishigaki-shi, Okinawa-ken, 24.iii–1.iv.2007, T. Watanabe leg. (cTW); 1 unsexed, Takeda-rindô forestry road (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Ishigaki-shi, Okinawa-ken, 24.iii–1.iv.2007, T. Watanabe leg., from flight interception trap (cTW); 1 male, 3 females, 13 unsexed, Mt. Yarabu-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 11.iv.2009, S. Yamamoto leg. (KUM); 2 males, Mt. Yarabu-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 16.iv.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion baited trap (KUM); 4 males, 1 female, 25 unsexed, Mt. Yarabu-dake, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 17.iv.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion baited trap (KUM); 1 unsexed, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 27.iii–13.vi.1996, K. Takahashi leg. (KUM); 1 unsexed, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 14.iii.1997, K. Takahashi leg. (KUM); 1 female, Ishigaki-shi (Ishigaki-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 25.v.1997, K. Takahashi leg. (KUM); 1 female, 1 unsexed, Kanpireno-taki Fall, Taketomi-chô (Iriomote-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 28.iii.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion trap (KUM); 1 male, 28 unsexed, Kanpireno-taki Fall, Taketomi-chô (Iriomote-jima Is.), Okinawaken, 29.iii.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion trap (KUM); 1 male, 2 females, Komi, Taketomi-chô (Iriomote-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 3–5.iv.2009, S. Yamamoto leg., from flight interception trap (KUM); 1 unsexed, Komi, Taketomi-chô (Iriomote-jima Is.), Okinawa-ken, 22.iv.2014, S. Yamamoto leg., from chicken carrion trap (KUM).

Old material. JAPAN: 2 unsexed, “ JAPAN [HW] / MIMASAKA [HW] / Enuimura [HW] / 14. VII. ’12 [HW] / JEA Lewis // J. E. A. Lewis / Collection from / Kyoto Univ., 1977” ( NSMT); 2 unsexed, “Mimasaka / Enuimura [HW] / 10. VII. ’12 [HW] / discalis [HW] // 1720 [HW] // J. E. A. Lewis / Collection from / Kyoto Univ., 1977” ( NSMT).

Diagnosis. Aleochara postica is one of the most problematic species for identification, but it can be distinguished from the other Japanese congeners, especially A. parens and A. curtula , mainly based on characters of genitalia in both sexes: dorsal surface somewhat deeply punctured; head with unevenly, rather sparsely, punctured deeply except for median portion of vertex; elytra sometimes with somewhat indistinct, darkened, relatively expanded maculations laterally and basally, lateral maculations not reaching to shoulders of each elytron (not A. curtula ); median lobe of male aedeagus narrowly elongate, apical lobe dilated near apex (not A. lata ), with a pair of characteristics sclerites at apex ( Fig. 83 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ); spermatheca with apical part complicatedly coiled. This species is often found on the distant and isolated small islands far from the mainland of Japan.

Redescription. Measurements (in mm, n = 20): BL = 6.98 (6.07–8.50); HL = 0.90 (0.78–1.05); HW = 1.03 (0.89–1.21); PL = 1.25 (1.11–1.44); PW = 1.76 (1.51–2.00); EL = 0.93 (0.80–1.10); EW = 1.93 (1.61–2.22).

Body ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 , 14–15 View FIGURES 10 – 18 ): fusiform, robust, medium to large in size; dorsal surface weakly glossy and pubescent, without any types of micro-reticulation, rather deeply and strongly punctured. Color ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 , 14–15 View FIGURES 10 – 18 ): some variations exist: typical type (i) (see Figs 6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 , 15 View FIGURES 10 – 18 ) usually uniformly brownish brown to blackish brown including elytra; (ii) (see Figs 5 View FIGURES 1 – 9 , 14 View FIGURES 10 – 18 ) usually uniformly brownish brown to blackish brown, but elytra yellowish brown to pale brown, infuscate laterally (but not basally) to form distinct darkened maculations (sometimes along with margins of scutellar plate darkened together), lateral maculations not parallel sided on each elytron, middle to posterior area of maculations expanded inward, not reaching to shoulders of each elytron; other types classified within intermediate variations between (i) and (ii); antennae with antennomeres I–III yellowish brown to dark reddish brown, antennomere IV much darker, antennomeres V–XI slightly darker than those of I–III but densely covered with minute whitish setae; mouth parts and legs yellowish brown to dark brownish brown; pubescence yellowish brown.

Head ( Figs 23–24 View FIGURES 19 – 27 ): semicircular, as long as width (HW/HL = 1.15, n = 20), widest at posterior part of eyes; setae on vertex rather dense but inconspicuous, directed anteriomedially; punctation large in size, unevenly scattered sparsely; vertex without punctation at middle, surrounded by large punctation, scattered unevenly. Eyes: medium in length, occupying approximately half length of head, slightly protruding laterally.

Antennae ( Fig. 41 View FIGURES 37 – 44 ): short, moderately shorter than head and pronotum combined; thick, setose, with antennomere IV moderately transverse, but antennomeres V to X strongly transverse each of approximately same width (very slightly but widest around antennomeres VII and VIII); antennomere XI symmetrical, obtusely rounded at apex; approximate relative length of antennomeres from basal to apex: 21 (including base): 9: 9.5: 4: 5: 5: 5: 5: 5: 5: 13.

Pronotum ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 ): transversely oval (PW/PL = 1.40, n = 20), strongly narrowing anterad, moderately longer than sutural length of elytra, widest basad, basal margin weakly rounded; pubescence dense, directed laterally and posterolaterally; punctation relatively large and prominent, covered with densely and uniformly.

Mesoventrite ( Figs 32–33 View FIGURES 28 – 36 ): inter coxal process rather narrowly elongate, with rounded apex, completely reaching to inter coxal process of metaventrite.

Elytra ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 ): together, transverse (EW/EL = 2.07, n = 20), rather small, slightly smaller than pronotum, widest at middle; fine pubescence scattered densely, diverging posteriorly in each elytron; dorsal surface rough and impressed relatively coarsely and deeply; posterolateral corners of each elytron not sinuate.

Legs ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 ): simple, short, moderately slender; fore and midtibia, densely covered with undeveloped spines, respectively.

Abdomen ( Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 ): first three visible tergites deeply impressed transversely at base; dorsal and ventral surface moderately covered with thin and long setae.

Male: tergite VIII ( Fig. 79 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ): posterior margin smooth, not serrate at all, very weakly emarginate medially or almost truncate; dorsal surface covered with setae densely, with approximately 10 macrosetae. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 81 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ): posterior margin broadly rounded, with a row of minute sensory setae relatively densely (see Yamamoto & Maruyama, 2012: 10), without a complex-cluster of minute setae near posterior margin; ventral surface densely covered with setae, with approximately 14 macrosetae. Median lobe of aedeagus ( Figs 83–84 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ): [lateral view ( Fig. 83 View FIGURES 79 – 85 )]: robust, narrowly elongate, subparallel sided, but relatively strongly narrowing apically at apical 1/4 to 1/5 of median lobe; apical lobe pointed, narrowed at middle of apical lobe, not hook-shaped but apically dilated slightly at apex; a pair of large, prominent, and characteristic sclerites situated near apex of median lobe; [parameral view ( Fig. 84 View FIGURES 79 – 85 )]: narrowly elongate, tear-drop shaped; apical lobe abruptly sharply pointed near apex; a series of complex sclerites, not reaching to basal 1/4 of median lobe.

Female: tergite VIII ( Fig. 80 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ): posterior margin weakly rounded; dorsal surface covered with setae densely, with approximately 9 macrosetae. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 82 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ): posterior margin broadly weakly rounded; ventral surface covered with setae rather densely, with approximately 9 macrosetae. Spermatheca ( Fig. 85 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ): complicatedly modified, without apical invagination of spermatheca; basal part of spermathecal stem extremely long, gently curved; each part of spermatheca uniformly and weakly sclerotized; inner wall of apical and basal part of spermatheca rather densely striate.

Distribution. Japan (Hokkaidô, Honshû, Shikoku, Kyûshû; Mikura-jima Is., Tsu-shima Is., Amami-ôshima Is., Ishigaki-jima Is., Iriomote-jima Is.); Korea, China, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, Oriental region.

Host records. No host record is available.

Remarks for type material. The holotype of A. postica ( Fig. 113 View FIGURES 107 – 119 ) is a female specimen in bad condition, but the abdomen is preserved without damage and in good enough condition to diagnose its species features. There are two syntypes of A. clavigera for the lectotype, and one paralectotype was designated by Park & Ahn (2009). The lectotype is female ( Fig. 114 View FIGURES 107 – 119 ), and the paralectotype is male, but the condition of the paralectotype is poor, as the aedeagus was destroyed due to inadequate dissection by PR. The whole bodies of both specimens were soaked in KOH also by PR, and changed to a uniform brown color. The general structure of the spermatheca of the A. clavigera lectotype ( Fig. 114 View FIGURES 107 – 119 ) agrees well with that of the A. postica holotype ( Fig. 85 View FIGURES 79 – 85 ). The wrinkles of the inner wall are somewhat denser in A. postica , but this could be considered a geographic variation. The shape of the aedeagal median lobe of A. nitouensis described from Sichuan and A. marginicollis from northern Sulawesi agreed well with that of the paralectotype male of A. clavigera , which corresponded well with the lectotype in terms of external characteristics. Thus, these three names, A. clavigera , A. nitouensis , and A. marginicollis , are synonymized with A. postica here. Park & Ahn (2009) redescribed “ A. clavigera ” and synonymized A. niponensis Sharp, 1888 with it. However, A. niponensis is quite a different species (see Remarks for type material of A. niponensis ) and their synonymic arrangement is erroneous.

Comments. This species is found abundantly at localities in Japan, but only patchy localities are known in mainland Japan ( Fig. 125 View FIGURES 125 – 126 ). Color variation of elytra in A. postica was found (e.g., Figs 5–6 View FIGURES 1 – 9 ). Although we found these color variations, no difference was detected in female-male genital structures; thus, we recognize them as merely color variations within A. postica .

BRL

Bristol City Library

FMNH

Field Museum of Natural History

DNA

Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport

OCM

Oregon Collection of Methanogens

NSMT

National Science Museum (Natural History)

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Staphylinidae

Genus

Aleochara

Loc

Aleochara (Aleochara) postica Walker, 1858

Yamamoto, Shûhei & Maruyama, Munetoshi 2016
2016
Loc

Aleochara marginicollis

Cameron 1942: 847
1942
Loc

Aleochara nitouensis

Schulke 2015: 491
Luo 2012: 180
Smetana 2004: 354
Bernhauer 1935: 13
1935
Loc

Aleochara clavigera

Schulke 2015: 491
Shibata 2013: 105
Luo 2012: 180
Park 2010: 317
Park 2009: 521
Smetana 2004: 353
Bernhauer 1926: 776
Sharp 1874: 7
1874
Loc

Aleochara haematopyga

Schulke 2015: 491
Luo 2012: 198
Smetana 2004: 354
Bernhauer 1926: 778
Kraatz 1859: 15
1859
Loc

Aleochara postica

Schulke 2015: 491
Luo 2012: 180
Smetana 2004: 354
Cameron 1939: 626
Bernhauer 1926: 778
Walker 1858: 205
1858
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