Acrosathe vanduzeei (Cole)

Webb, Donald W., 2009, A revision of the genera Acrosathe Irwin and Lyneborg, Arenigena Irwin and Lyneborg, and Litolinga Irwin and Lyneborg (Diptera: Therevidae: Therevinae) from the Nearctic Region, Zootaxa 2091 (1), pp. 1-67 : 21-24

Acrosathe vanduzeei (Cole)

( Figs. 34–42 , 53 )

vanduzeei Cole (1923a: 87 male key, 88 fem. key, 105 male /fem. desc., Figs. 123 fem. head, 135 ant., 157 wing; 1965:354, cat.) ( Thereva ); Irwin and Lyneborg (1981a:225 comb. change, spec. list), Holston (2004:64 nom.; 2005:1 community structure, as A. novella ) ( Acrosathe ). Type locality California, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. Holotype male in CAS.

Diagnosis. The male of Acrosathe vanduzeei is similar to A. otiosa in having the wing veins and cross-veins with a dark brown margin. It differs from A. otiosa in having the setae on male sternite 8 continuous across posterior margin ( Fig. 35 ); the AAP dorsal view ( Figs. 37–38 ) broadly rounded laterally, lateral view ( Fig. 38 ) short, extending to middle of distiphallus; and the ventral apodeme ( Fig. 37 ) broad, not reaching anterior margin of dorsal apodeme. The female of A. vanduzeei is similar to A. falcata in having the frons with a small dark brown pubescent area dorsolaterally ( Fig. 41 ) but is separated from A. falcata in having the furca oval ( Fig. 42 ) with the anterior and posterior margins rounded.

Redescription of MALE. Variation (n=10).

Body length 6.8–10.0, 8.5 mm.

Head. Length 1.00–1.20, 1.14 mm. Ocellar tubercle dark reddish brown, pubescence gray, dense; setae dark reddish brown, elongate. Eyes holoptic, separated by distance 0.2 times width of median ocellus; ommatidia smaller ventrally and laterally. Frons pubescence white, dense, dark brown, glabrous on dorsal fourth; setae white to pale brownish gold (occasionally with scattered dark brown setae, MEI 113632 with dorsal patch of black setae), elongate on ventral three-fourths. Antenna dark brown, scape pubescence gray, dense; antenna/head length 0.7–0.8, 0.8; scape length 0.30–0.40, 0.37 mm, width 0.14–0.20, 0.18 mm, length/ width 1.7–2.4, 2.1, scape/pedicel length 3.0–4.3, 3.6, scape/flagellum width 0.9–1.4, 1.2, setae white to pale brownish gold, elongate; pedicel length 0.08–0.12, 0.10 mm, width 0.12–0.16, 0.14 mm, length/width 0.6–0.8, 0.7; flagellum length 0.32–0.48, 0.42 mm, width 0.13–0.15, 0.14 mm, length/width 2.1–3.4, 2.9, flagellum/scape length 0.9–1.4, 1.1. Parafacial pubescence white, dense; setae white to yellowish gold (occasionally dark brown). Maxillary palpus reddish brown; length 0.40–0.60, 0.51 mm, width 0.06–0.08, 0.08 mm, length/width 5.0–7.3, 6.6; setae white to brownish gold, elongate. Genal setae white to yellowish gold, elongate. Occipital setae white, elongate (occasionally becoming brownish gold dorsally or with scattered dark brown setae); macrosetae dark brown (yellow in many specimens or absent). Postocular macrosetae dark brown (yellow in many specimens, or occasionally a mixture of yellow and dark brown macrosetae).

Thorax. Macrosetae 3–4, 3 np, 1–2, 2 sa, 1 pa, 1–2, 1 dc. Mesonotum with vittae dull brown, separated by gray pubescence; setae white to brownish gold, elongate, subappressed intermixed with dark brown, erect setae. Postpronotal setae pale yellow to brownish gold, elongate. Prosternum setae white. Pleuron pubescence gray, dense; setae white to pale brownish gold, elongate on propleuron, anepisternum, katepisternum, laterotergite, metanepisternum, and scutellum. Wing. Membrane pale gray, veins and cross-veins brown with brown margin at fork of R 4+5, r-m, apex of discal cell, apex of cell bm; length 5.8–7.2, 6.4 mm, width 1.9–2.5, 2.2 mm, length/width 2.2–3.3, 2.8; cell m 3 open widely, closed at wing margin, or closed and petiolate. Halter brown. Legs. Coxal pubescence silver, dense; setae white, elongate; apical macrosetae dark reddish brown, hindcoxa with 1 posterolateral macroseta. Femora dark yellow, apex dark brown; ventral setae white (occasionally brownish gold), elongate, dorsal setae white, appressed. Tibiae dark yellow becoming darker on apical half. Tarsus 1 dark yellow becoming dark reddish brown on apical half; 2–5 dark reddish brown.

Abdomen. Dark brown, pubescence white, dense; dorsal setae white, elongate, appressed; lateral setae white erect. Terminalia (MEI 011994) dark brown, pubescence gray, dense. Tergite 8 ( Fig. 34 ), setae white. Sternite 8 ( Fig. 35 ), posterior margin slightly emarginate; setae dark brown, continuous across posterior margin. Epandrium ( Fig. 34 ) rounded laterally, longer medially than wide; posterolateral margin pointed; setae white. Cerci ( Fig. 34 ) ending distal to apex of hypoproct. Hypoproct ( Fig. 34 ) rounded posteriorly; ending basal to apex of cerci. Gonocoxite ventral view ( Fig. 35 ), median margin straight then tapering to blunt point, setae dark brown, macrosetae dark brown; lateral view ( Fig. 36 ) oblong, tapering to blunt point. Aedeagus with dorsal apodeme ( Fig. 37 ) narrow, rectangular, sides sinuate, anterior margin truncate; ventral apodeme ( Fig. 38 ) broad, clavate, not reaching anterior margin of dorsal apodeme; distiphallus dorsal view ( Fig. 37 ) elongate, tapered posteriorly, lateral view ( Fig. 39 ) narrow basally, tapered posteriorly in broad curve; AAP ( Figs. 38–39 ) short, curved dorsally, reaching about half way along distiphallus; ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 37 ) extending beyond anterior margin of dorsal apodeme.

FIGURES 43–49. Acrosathe vialis . 43. Tergite 8, epandrium, cerci. 44. Sternite 8, gonocoxite ventral view. 45. Gonocoxite, lateral view. 46. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 47. Aedeagus, ventral view. 48. Aedeagus, lateral view. 49. Female internal reproductive organs. Scale = 0.1 mm.

FEMALE. Similar to male except for following. Variation (n=10).

Body length 7.8–10.4, 10.0 mm.

Head. Length 1.10–1.24, 1.15 mm. Setae on ocellar tubercle occasionally dark yellow to pale yellowish brown. Frons pubescence white, dense on ventral half, dorsal half dark brown, pubescence brownish gray. Specimens from Monterey County south to Orange County have a small area of brown pubescence dorsolaterally ( Fig. 41 ). Specimens from Santa Cruz north to Sonora County have narrow, dark brown, pubescent bar ( Fig. 40 ) mediolaterally, separated medially by yellowish brown pubescence (occasionally extending completely across frons as horizontal bar); setae white to pale yellow (occasionally with scattered dark brown setae), elongate ventrally and dark brown to brownish gold, subappressed dorsally. Antenna/head length 0.71–0.87, 0.80; scape length 0.36–0.42, 0.40 mm, width 0.16–0.22, 0.18 mm, length/width 1.9–2.5, 2.2, scape/pedicel length 3.0–5.0, 3.9, scape/flagellum width 1.1–1.4, 1.2, setae white, elongate intermixed with dark brown, elongate setae which grade into dark brown macrosetae; pedicel length 0.08–0.12, 0.10 mm, width 0.14–0.16, 0.15 mm, length/width 0.5–0.9, 0.7; flagellum length 0.36–0.50, 0.42 mm, width 0.14–0.16, 0.15 mm, length/width 2.4–3.3, 2.8, flagellum/scape length 0.9–1.2, 1.1. Maxillary palpus length 0.44–0.66, 0.57 mm, width 0.08–0.10, 0.11 mm, length/width 4.3–6.8, 5.2. Postocular macrosetae generally dark brown (occasionally mixed with dark yellow macrosetae or solely dark yellow macrosetae). Occipital macrosetae occasionally yellow.

Thorax. Macrosetae 3 np, 2 sa, 1 pa, 1–2, 1 dc. Mesonotum with vittae dark brown, separated by dense, gray pubescence. Wing. Length 6.7–7.5, 6.8 mm, width 1.8–2.5, 2.2 mm, length/width 2.7–3.4, 3.2. Halter brown.

Abdomen. Dark brown, pubescence gray, dense on posterior three-fourths of tergites 1–4 and most of tergites 5–8; dorsal setae white to pale yellow appressed. Terminalia (MEI 163550). Furca ( Fig. 42 ) oval, anterior margin bounded; length 0.47 mm, width 0.40 mm; anterolateral projection short.

Immature stages. One male (MEI 011886) has been reared from a larva collected west of the Los Angeles International Airport; 1♂ (MEI 083151) has been reared from a larva collected at Pescadero Beach ; 32♂ (MEI 100891, 100971, 100999, 101004, 101025, 101039, 101074, 107874, 107877, 107879–81, 107883–5, 107887–90, 107892–3, 107895 107897–900, 107906–7, 107914–7) have be reared from larvae collected in Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes ; and 3♂ (MEI 107902–4) have been reared from larvae collected in Rancho Guadalupe County Park , San Luis Obispo County, California

Distribution. Acrosathe vanduzeei is known from California ( Fig. 53 ).

Habitats and Phenology. Acrosathe vanduzeei has been hand-netted or collected in pan or Malaise traps in dry or moist washes and on dunes. One adult has been collected from the nest of Bembix comata [= americana comata Parker ]. Holston (2005) described the community structure and habitat partitioning of A. vanduzeei (as A. novella ). Adults have been collected from March through October and December.

Specimens examined. Type specimens. The holotype male of Thereva vanduzeei Cole is labeled "San Francisco, Golden Gate Pk., VI-6-20, Cal." and is in the CAS ( Type No. 1490). Other specimens. UNITED STATES. CALIFORNIA. Del Norte County. near Crescent City [41.866, -124.211], 1.VI.2002, Reeves, W., 1♂ MEI 141487 ( MEIC) . Humboldt County. Clam Beach [40.993, -124.112], 21.VI.1935, Melander, A.L., 1♂ MEI 113687 ( USNM) . Los Angeles County. El Segundo [33.919, -118.416], 7.IX.1967, Irwin , M.E., Quezada, J.R., 1♀ MEI 012316 ( MEIC) , sand dune; West Los Angeles International Airport [33.943, - 118.408], 26.VIII.1976, Rude, P., Doyen, J., 3♂ MEI 011880–2, 2♀ 011879, 011885, dunes, 1♂ 011886 ( EMEC) , sifted/dunes. Marin County. 1.6 km S McClureís Beach [38.173, -122.964], 29.VII.1964, Toschi, C.A., 3♂ MEI 012122, 012127–8, 1♀ 121117 ( EMEC) ; 3.2 km N Point Reyes [38.03, -122.996], 4.VI.1956, Barnes, A.M., 3♂ MEI 012130, 012137, 012140, 1♀ 012118 ( EMEC) ; Dillon Beach [38.251, -122.964], 6.VI.1962, Michelbacher, A.E., 1♂ MEI 012121 ( EMEC) ; Point Reyes [38.086, -122.953], 16.V.1937, Bohart, G.E., 1♂ MEI 012135 ( EMEC) ; 17.VII.1967, Irwin , M.E., 5♂ MEI 012314–5, 012337, 012343–4, 1♀ 012332 ( MEIC) ; 18.V.2001, Holston, K.C., 1♂ MEI 157894, 1♀ 157895 ( INHS) , vegetated dunes; 22.VII.1974, Doyen, Slobodchikoff, 1♀ MEI 012043 ( EMEC) ; 20.VII.1975, Middlekauff, W., 1♂ MEI 012053 ( EMEC) , dunes; 1.V.1976, Rude, Doyen, 1♀ MEI 011868 ( EMEC) ; 30.VII.1976, Middlekauff, W.,

4♂ MEI 012042, 012045, 012056, 012074 ( EMEC), dunes; 23.V.1970 , Dietz, R.E., 1♂ MEI 164283, 1♀ 163532 ( EMEC), coastal dunes; Furneaux , K.D ., 2♂ MEI 164287–8 ( EMEC); Olson , G.R ., 1♀ MEI 161354 ( EMEC); Schlinger , E.I ., 5♂ MEI 164277–8, 164284–6, 3♀ 161346–7, 164299 ( EMEC); Shon , F ., 1♀ MEI 161353 ( EMEC); 8.V.1971 , Hochberg, M., 1♂ MEI 013069 ( EMEC); 14.V.1971 , Ewing, H., 1♂ MEI 164271 ( EMEC); Hislop , R ., 1♀ MEI 161348 ( EMEC); Loggins , P ., 2♂ MEI 164273, 164275, 1♀ 161349 ( EMEC); Schlinger , E.I ., 1♂ MEI 164260, 6♀ 164290–4, 164298 ( EMEC); Voegtlin , D ., 3♂ MEI 164268, 164280, 161352 ( EMEC); Wahl , K ., 1♂ MEI 164276 ( EMEC); 15.V.1971 , Ali, E., 3♂ MEI 164261, 164270, 164279 ( EMEC); Coville , R ., 1♂ MEI 164282 ( EMEC); Ewing , H ., 3♂ MEI 164269, 164272, 164281, 2♀ 161350–1 ( EMEC); Schlinger , E.I ., 3♂ MEI 164262–4, 1♀ 164295 ( EMEC); Voegtlin , D ., 1♂ MEI 164267 ( EMEC); 23.V.1971 , Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 164266 ( EMEC); 13.V.1972 , Davidson, P.C., 1♂ MEI 011863 ( EMEC); Davidson , P.C ., 1♂ MEI 011864 ( EMEC); First , P.D ., 1♂ CIS 126578 ( EMEC); Gregory , R.C ., 4♂ MEI 011856–7, 011867, 011869, 2♀ 011871, 164297 ( EMEC); Griswold , C.E ., 1♂ CIS 132806, 1♀ CIS 132807 ( EMEC); Kuba, S.C ., 1♂ MEI 011865 ( EMEC); Landwehr , V.R ., 2♂ MEI 164264–5 ( EMEC); Rogers , F.J ., 1♀ CIS 114504, 5♂ MEI 011858–62 ( EMEC); Schlinger , E.I ., 4♂ MEI 011849–52, 1♀ 011847 ( EMEC); Szerlip , S.L ., 1♂ MEI 011848 ( EMEC); Warner , R.W ., 2♂ CIS 124629–30 ( EMEC); 11.V.1974 , Bringhurst, A., 1♂ MEI 011873 ( EMEC); Lem , R ., 1♂ MEI 011870 ( EMEC); Pistochini , G ., 1♂ MEI 011872 ( EMEC); Tilles , D ., 1♀ MEI 011866 ( EMEC); 10.V.1975 , Sakai, G., 1♀ MEI 164296 ( EMEC); 4.VI.1977 , Keeleer- Wolf, T., 1♂ MEI 011855, 1♀ 011840 ( EMEC); Schlinger , E.I ., 2♂ MEI 011853–4 ( EMEC); 10.V.1980 , Gooch, B.D., 1♀ MEI 011843 ( EMEC); Schaupp , W.C ., 1♂ MEI 011841, 1♀ 011842 ( EMEC); 17.V.1980 , Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 082101, 1♀ 082111 ( EMEC); 24.V.1969 , Opler, P., 2♂ MEI 012094, 012129, 1♀ 012136 ( EMEC); 23.VII.1974 , 1♂ MEI 012062, 1♀ 012059 ( EMEC); 26.VII.1974 , 2♂ MEI 012067, 012073 ( EMEC). Monterey County. Asilomar [36.621, -121.935], 1.IX.1945 , Melander, A.L., 9♂ MEI 113631, 113740–5, 113790–1, 2♀ 113744, 113746 ( USNM); 2.IX.1945 , 10♂ MEI 113629–30, 113632–4, 113770, 113786–9, ( USNM); 3.IX.1945 , 18♂ MEI 113623–8, 113771, 113773–9, 113782–5, 1♀ 113772 ( USNM); 2.X.1946 , 23♂ MEI 113599–609, 113614–7, 113702–7, 113723–4, 1♀ 113619 ( USNM); 3.X.1946 , 10♂ MEI 113597–8, 113710, 113712–3, 113716–20 ( USNM);?. X.1946 , 1♀ MEI 113618 ( USNM); 18.VI.1947 , 1♂ MEI 113761 ( USNM); 11.VII.1957 , 1♂ MEI 113612, 2♀ 113620–1 ( USNM); 28.IX.1946 , 40♂ MEI 113638–40, 113642–3, 113646–80, 2♀ 113637, 113681 ( USNM). Orange County. Seal Beach [33.741, - 118.104], 15.IV.1990 , Webb, D.W., Irwin , M.E., 2♂ MEI 083153, 163881 ( INHS). Riverside County. Riverside [33.94, -117.397], 17.III.1935 , Melander, A.L., 2♂ MEI 113684, 113686 ( USNM). San Diego County. El Capitan Dam [32.883, -116.811], 22.III.1959 , Rude, P., 1♂ MEI 012119 ( EMEC). San Francisco County. Fort Funston [37.713, -122.499], 6.VII.1976 , Rude, P., 1♂ MEI 011877 ( EMEC); 26.V.1984 , Pulawski, W.J., 1♀ MEI 157347 ( CAS); Lobos Creek [37.791, -122.484], 6.V.1960 , Powell, J., 1♂ MEI 012139 ( EMEC); San Francisco [37.775, -122.418], 11.V.1911 , Kusche, J.A., 1♂ MEI 070534 ( CUIC); 24.VII.1920 , Van Duzee, E.P., 1♂ MEI 157315 ( CAS); 21.V.1921 , Fox, C.L., 1♀ MEI 157316 ( CAS), sand dunes; 3.IX.1921 , 1♂ MEI 157321 ( CAS), sand dunes; 18.VI.1922 , 1♂ MEI 157343 ( CAS), sand dunes; 19.VII.1925 , Parker, J.B., 1♀ MEI 102065 ( MEIC), ex nest Bembix comata ; 23.V.1927 , Fox, C.L., 1♂ MEI 157314 ( CAS), sand dunes; 29.VII.1930 , Painter, R.H., 1♀ MEI 012675 ( KSUC); 30.V.1933 , Ross, E.S., 1♀ MEI 012668 ( CAS); 23.V.1949 , Hildebrand, C.W., 5♂ MEI 157306–7, 157309–11 ( CAS); 1.VI.1949 , 2♂ MEI 157300, 157303 ( CAS); 2.VI.1949 , 1♂ MEI 157299 ( CAS); 18.V.1952 , 5♂ MEI 157297–8, 157301, 157304, 157308 ( CAS); 7.VII.1952 , 2♂ MEI 157302, 157312 ( CAS); 28.III.1961 , Rentz, D.C., 3♂ MEI 157168–70 ( CAS); 6.VI.1920 , Cole, F.R., 1♂ MEI 113596 ( USNM) , 2♂ 134320–1 ( MCZ) , 1♀ 113595 ( USNM); Cole, F.R., Johnson , C.W ., 1♂ MEI 134320 ( MCZ); 15.VI.1921 , Cole, F.R., 9♂ MEI 011986–7, 011989–5, 2♀ 011996–7 ( EMEC). San Luis Obispo County. Pismo Beach [35.143, -120.64], 1.VIII.1930 , Painter, R.H., 1♂ MEI 012676 ( KSUC); Winburn, T.F., Painter , R.H., sex? MEI 012326 ( KSUC); 5.VIII.1951 , Murray, W.D., 1♂ MEI 157897, 1♀ 157896 ( EMEC); 29.VI.1959 , collector?, 1♂ MEI 073657 ( CSCA); 18.VIII.1964 , Wilcox, J., 6♂ MEI 012400–5, 2♀ 012466–7, ( MEIC); 7.VII.1969 , 1♀ MEI 012463 ( MEIC); 8.VII.1969 , 1♂ MEI 012397 ( MEIC); 24.VI.1970 , 1♂ MEI 012399 ( MEIC); Rancho Guadalupe County Park [34.966, -120.651], 21.VI.1997 , Holston, K.C., 3♂ MEI 107902–4 ( INHS), sieved/foredune hillocks; Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes, SE dune ridge, Mills Farm [36.199, -121.147], 22.VI.1997 , Holston, K.C., 5♂ MEI 101009, 101063, 101071, 101006, 101014 ( INHS), stabilized dunes; Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes [36.199, -121.147], 17.VI.1997 , Holston, K.C., 1♀ MEI 164005 ( INHS); 6.IX.1965 , Castleman, D., 1♀ MEI 012504 ( UCR); 14.VII.1970 , Wilcox, J., 4♂ MEI 012377–80 ( MEIC); 1.6 km N Morro Bay [35.38, - 120.849], 25.VI.1965 , Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 012550 ( EMEC), sand dunes; 26.V.1970 , Wilcox, J., 2♂ MEI 012350, 012353, 1♀ 012471 ( MEIC); 27.V.1970 , Wilcox, J., 3♂ MEI 012352, 012512–3 ( MEIC); 24.VI.1970 , 1♂ MEI 012421 ( MEIC); 15.VII.1970 , 2♂ MEI 012515–6 ( MEIC); 16.VII.1970 , 1♂ MEI 012351, 2♀ 012470, 012472 ( MEIC); 24.X.1970 , Wilcox, J., 2♂ MEI 012407, 012420 ( MEIC); 1.6 km N Oceano [35.083, -120.6], 1.IX.1965 , Stone, M.W., 1♂ MEI 012371 ( MEIC); 7.IX.1965 , Stone, M.W., 12♂ MEI 012372–3, 012382–4, 012387–9, 012493–6 ( MEIC); 11.3 km S. Oceano , Dune Lakes [34.997, - 120.611], 4–5.VI.1971 , Pinto, J.D., 6♂ MEI 012461, 012390–4 ( MEIC); 20.9 km S Oceano, Oso Flaco Sand Dunes , Oso Flaco Road [34.911, -120.611], 16.VI.1991 , Russell, D.E., 2♀ MEI 163842, 163876 ( BEZC); 4.8 km S Oceano, Dune Lakes [35.056, -120.611], 24.VIII.1974 , Powell, J., 4♂ MEI 012044, 012046, 012058, 012064, 1♀ 012048 ( EMEC); 11.VII.1973 , 1♂ MEI 012116, 1♀ 012114 ( EMEC); 5 km E Oceano, Dune Lakes [35.099, -120.566], 28.VIII.1976 , Rude, P., Doyen, J., 1♀ MEI 011887 ( EMEC); 1.X.1964 , Powell, J., 1♂ MEI 012109 ( EMEC); 22.IV.1966 , Langston, R.L., 1♂ MEI 012492 ( UCR); 7.VI.1973 , Powell, J., 1♂ MEI 012124, 2♀ 012050, 012055 ( EMEC); 9.V.1987 , Russell, D.E., 2♀ MEI 163877, 163882 ( BEZC); 10.V.1987 , Russell, D.E., 1♂ MEI 163873, 1♀ 083186 ( MEIC); Grover City [35.12, -120.61], 4.VII.1956 , Hurd, P.D., 4♂ MEI 011912–5, 1♀ 011893 ( EMEC); Linsley , E.C ., 1♂ MEI 011929, 1♀ 011930 ( EMEC); 14.VIII.1957 , 4♂ MEI 011924, 011926, 011894–5 ( EMEC); Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes , west border of Teixeira Farms [36.199, -121.147], 19.VI.1997 , Holston, K.C., 6♂ MEI 100961, 100986–7, 101010–2 ( INHS); 20.VI.1997 , 34♂ MEI 100887, 100893–4, 100897, 100899, 100904–5, 100907–9, 100911, 100915, 100930, 100934–6, 100940–2, 100947–8, 100959, 100976, 100979, 101001, 101005, 101019, 101029, 101041, 101046, 101052, 101064, 107976–7, 2♀ 100917, 101040 ( INHS,), dunes; Morro Dunes, 9.VI.1945 , Melander, A.L., 5♂ MEI 113735, 113763, 113765–7, 113753, 1♀ 113764 ( USNM); Morro Bay [35.379, - 120.853], 26.IX.1946 , Melander, A.L., 2♂ MEI 113696, 113699, 2♀ 113682, 113698 ( USNM); 16.VI.1947 , 11♂ MEI 113729, 113733–4, 113736, 113738–9, 113749, 113754, 113756–8, 5♀ 113691–4, 113752 ( USNM); 9.VIII.1950 , 8♂ MEI 113695, 113697, 113709, 113714, 113725–8 ( USNM); 30.IV.1962 , collector?, 1♂ MEI 012107 ( EMEC); Hurd , P.D ., 1♂ MEI 012133 ( UCR); 26.VI.1963 , 14♂ MEI 012354, 012356, 012408–18, 012491, 3♀ 012468–9, 012477 ( UCR); 4.VII.1963 , Hall, J., 2♂ MEI 012423–4 ( UCR); 26.IV.1968 , Opler, P.A., 2♀ MEI 012068, 012105 ( EMEC); Veirs , D ., 1♀ MEI 012069 ( EMEC); Opler , P.A ., 1♀ MEI 012100 ( EMEC); 12.IX.1968 , Wilcox, J., 1♀ MEI 012475 ( MEIC); 22.IX.1968 , 2♂ MEI 012419, 012514 ( MEIC); 7.VI.1982 , 1♂ MEI 157183 ( CAS); 10.VIII.1969 , Wasbauer, M.S. Wasbauer, J.S., 1♂ MEI 073036 ( CSCA); 17.VI.1947 , Melander, A.L., 7♂ MEI 113730–1, 113737, 113747–8, 113759, 113780, 1♀ 113732 ( USNM); 17.IX.1947 , 1♀ MEI 113760 ( USNM); Oceano [35.099, -120.611], 9.VII.1969 , Wilcox, J., 1♀ MEI 012484 ( MEIC); 9.VII.1969 , Wilcox, J., 1♀ MEI 012485 ( MEIC); 27.V.1970 , 1♂ MEI 012381 ( MEIC); 16.VII.1970 , 1♂ MEI 012376 ( MEIC); Oceano sand dunes [35.083, -120.6], 11.VIII.1962 , Schlinger, E.I., 7♂ MEI 012364–70, 4♀ 012478, 012481–3 ( UCR); Oso Flaco [35.029, -120.621], 14.VI.1970 , Andrews, F.G., 3♂ MEI 039374, 052126, 073034 ( CSCA); Oso Flaco Dunes [35.031, -120.632], 19.V.1990 , Russell, D.E., 1♀ MEI 163878 ( BEZC); Oso Flaco Lake [35.029, -120.621], 13.VII.1959 , Bohart, R.M., 1♂ MEI 012624 ( MEIC); Gardner , M.R ., 1♀ MEI 012612 ( MEIC); Menke , A.E ., 1♂ MEI 012621 ( MEIC); Parker , F.D ., 2♂ MEI 012622–3 ( MEIC); Tamaki , G ., 1♀ MEI 012147 ( EMEC); 19.VII.1964 , Irwin , M.E., 4♂ MEI 012559–60, 012564, 012567, 4♀ 012319, 012321–2, 012342 ( MEIC); 22.VI.1965 , Brown, K.W., 28♂ MEI 012531, 012534, 012539, 012544–8, 012334, 012519, 012522–3, 012526–30, 012532–3, 012535–8, 012540–3, 012549, 12♀ MEI 012266, 012300–3, 012307, 012310–1, 012338–41 ( MEIC); 29.VI.1967 , Irwin , M.E., Cronin, T., Larisch, S., 8♂ MEI 012521, 012524–5, 012551–3, 012561, 012563, 2♀ MEI 012304, 012309 ( MEIC), coastal dunes; 23.VIII.1968 , Irwin , M.E., 2♂ MEI 012555, 012313 ( MEIC), coastal dunes; 14.VI.1970 , Andrews, F.G., 1♀ MEI 052079 ( CSCA); 16.IV.1990 , Webb, D.W., Irwin , M.E., 3♂ MEI 083150, 083167, 163879, 5♀ 0083146–9, 083166 ( INHS); Oso Flaco Lake [35.029, -120.621], 16.IV.1990 , Webb, D.W., Irwin , M.E., 1♀ MEI 163849 ( INHS); Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes Preserve , Oso Flaco State Park [35.029, -120.617], 17.VI.1997 , Holston, K.C., 1♂ MEI 100985 ( INHS); Irwin , M.E ., 2♂ MEI 100968, 100974 ( MEIC); Morro Bay State Park [35.354, -120.832], 20–23.VII.1968 , Pinto, J.D., 1♂ MEI 012511, 1♀ 012476 ( UCR); Pismo Beach State Park [35.108, -120.63], 15.VII.1967 , Irwin , M.E., 3♂ MEI 012306, 012557–8 ( MEIC), coastal dune; Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes [34.959, -120.641], 2.VI.1997 , Holston, K.C., 4♂ MEI 152559, 161192, 163546,163548 ( INHS); 3.VI.1997 , 1♂ MEI 163549 ( INHS);?. VI.1997 , 1♂ MEI 107891 ( INHS); 17.VI.1997 , 4♂ MEI 100971, 107874, 107897, 107917 ( INHS), sieved; 19.VI.1997 , 4♂ MEI 107877, 107879–81 ( INHS), sieved; 21.VI.1997 , 4♂ MEI 100998, 101008, 101013, 101015 ( INHS); 22.VI.1997 , 2♂ MEI 107907, 107914 ( INHS), sieved; 24.VI.1997 , 7♂ MEI 101004, 107898–900, 107906, 107915–6 ( INHS), sieved; 25.VI.1997 , 15♂ MEI 100891, 100999, 101025, 101039, 101074, 107883–5, 107887–90, 107892–3, 107895 ( INHS), sieved; 2.VI.2001 , 13♂ MEI 101062, 130044, 163988–97, 164004 ( INHS); 27.VI.2001 , Alvarez, A.M., 2♂ MEI 164002–3 ( MEIC); Pescadero Creek [37.264, -122.406], 12.VII.1975 , Doyen, J., Opler, P., 1♂ MEI 012035 ( EMEC); dunes, near Pescadero [37.255, -122.38], 22.V.1952 , Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♂ MEI 157178 ( CAS), beach; Pescadero Beach [37.262, - 122.412], 25.V.1991 , Irwin , M.E., 1♂ MEI 083151 ( MEIC), sifted; Pescadero Beach [37.262, -122.412], 25.V.1991 , Irwin , M.E., 1♂ MEI 083152 ( MEIC), sifted; San Gregorio [37.327, -122.386], 15.XII.1951 , 1♀ MEI 107658 ( BPBM), sea coast. San Mateo County. Año Nuevo State Reserve [37.117, -122.326], 17.V.1981 , Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 083723 ( EMEC); [37.117, -122.326], 17.V.1981 , Schlinger, E.I., 1♂ MEI 083724 ( EMEC). Santa Barbara County. 6.V.1973 , Doyen, J., 3♂ MEI 012110, 012112–3 ( EMEC); Point Conception [34.421, -119.697], 11.VII.1979 , Nagano, C.D., 3♂ MEI 012673, 012682–3 ( LACM). Santa Cruz County. 32.2 km North Santa Cruz Beach [37.25, -122.02], 16.VII.1971 , Coville, R., 1♀ MEI 163524 ( MEIC). Siskiyou County. Panther Meadows [41.355, -122.199], 2255m, 9.VIII.1967 , Arnaud, P.H., Jr., 1♀ MEI 157203 ( CAS). Sonoma County. Bodega Bay , Salmon Creek Beach [38.333, -123.047], 27.VI.1965 , Irwin , M.E., 1♀ MEI 012333 ( MEIC). Ventura County. McGrath State Beach [34.214, -119.253], 8.V.2001 , Holston, K.C., 3♂ MEI 163550, 164000–1 ( INHS); mouth of Ventura River [34.276, -119.307], 24.IV.1966 , Powell, J., 1♂ MEI 012111 ( EMEC); Point Mugu Naval Air Station [34.086, -119.06], 13–20.IX.1978 , Nagano, C.D., Hougue, J.M., 3♂ MEI 012503, 012671–2 ( LACM), yellow pan trap; Sespe Canyon (Gorge) [34.579, -119.257], 10.VII.1959 , Campbell, C.A., 1♂ MEI 011998 ( MEIC); South end Ormond Beach [34.137, -119.183], 14.IX.1996 , Gates, M.W., 1♀ MEI 153392 ( MEIC) .

Figures

FIGURES 34–42. Acrosathe vanduzeei. 34. Tergite 8, epandrium, cerci. 35. Sternite 8, gonocoxite ventral view. 36. Gonocoxite, lateral view. 37. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 38. Aedeagus, ventral view. 39. Aedeagus, lateral view. 40. Female head, frontal view. 41. Female head, frontal view. 42. Female internal reproductive organs.

FIGURE 50–53. Distribution map. 50. Acrosathe bimaculata closed circle, Arenigena floridensis closed triangle, Litolinga tergisa open circle. 51. Acrosathe falcata closed circle, Ac. pacifica open circle. 52. Acrosathe otiosa. 53. Acrosathe vanduzeei.