Vitis adenoclada Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 62: 145. 1925.

Wen, Jun & Ma, Zhi-Yao, 2021, On the recognition of the long neglected Vitis adenoclada Hand. - Mazz. (Vitaceae) from southern China, PhytoKeys 179, pp. 29-33 : 29

Vitis adenoclada Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 62: 145. 1925. Figures 1 , 2

Vitis adenoclada Hand.-Mazz., Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 62: 145. 1925. Type: China. Hunan: Xinhua Xian, near mine at Hsikwangschan (Xikuangshan), Hsinhwa (Xinhua), 600 m, 13 May 1918, in fl., H. Handel-Mazzetti 11819 (holotype: WU, WU0029734; isotype: K, K000574937).

Description.

Robust high climber 3-12 m, polygamo-dioecious. Young branches with arachnoid tomentum and red purple glandular hairs, glandular hairs hardened at maturity; tendrils bifurcate to sometimes trifurcate, stout. Leaves simple; stipules brown, narrowly triangular to ovate-triangular, 3.5-5 × 2-2.5 mm, membranaceous, entire; petiole 3-7 cm, arachnoid tomentose; blade oval, 7-16 × 5-12 cm, abaxially densely tomentose, adaxially pubescent, veins 7-10 pairs, base cordate to subcordate, notch obtuse, margin serrate with 20-35 teeth on each side, notch area entire, teeth fine and short, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescence a thyrse, leaf-opposed, 7-18 cm, paniculate in shape, usually subtended by an unbranched tendril at the base; peduncle 2-7 cm, arachnoid tomentose. Pedicel 1-3 mm, pubescent. Calyx 0.1-0.2 × 0.2-0.3 mm. Petals calyptrate, 1.5-1.8 × 0.4-0.5 mm. Stamens 2-3 mm; anthers 0.6-0.7 mm. Ovary oval; style short. Fruits purple-black, globose, 9-12 mm in diam. Seeds obovoid, chalaza rounded, ventral infolds furrowed upward 1/3-1/4 from base.

Phenology.

Fl. May-Jul; fr. Jul-Oct.

Distribution and ecology.

In Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan and Zhejiang provinces of China. 500-1015 m. Edge of forests, forests, often in limestone areas.

Additional specimens examined.

China. Guangdong: Huaiji Xian, 31 Oct 1958, Y.G. Liu 02809 (IBSC). Guangxi: Jingxiu Xian, Dayaoshan, 16 km, 1015 m, 8 May 2010, floral buds, J. Wen 11560 (US), J. Wen 11577 ( US). Guizhou: Jun 6, 1987, BJFC Graduate Students 434 (BJFC00010633, BJFC00010634). Hunan: Hongjiang Xian, Xuefengshan, 500 m, 12 May 2014, X.Q. Liu 114 (CCAU), X.Q. Liu 115 (CCAU); Xinning Xian, Zhiyunshan, 13 Sep 1984, 900 m, Zhiyunshan Exp. Team 476 (PE). Zhejiang: Nishui, 28 Jul 1959, fr, S.Y. Zhang 6061 (KUN, PE) .

Notes.

Vitis adenoclada is morphologically similar to V. heyneana Roem. & Schult, with both having arachnoid tomentose abaxial leaves. It can be easily distinguished from the latter by its red-purple glandular hairs on the young branches (vs. glandular hairs absent on young branches in V. heyneana ) and inflorescences usually subtended by a tendril at the base (vs. only occasionally with a tendril in V. heyneana ) (Figures 1 , 2 ). Vitis adenoclada may be a species of hybrid origin, with the highly tomentose Vitis heyneana as one of the parental species, and a glandular-hair bearing Vitis species, e.g., V. romanetii Rom.Caill. or V. davidii (Rom.Caill.) Foëx as the other potential parental species. Both V. davidi and V. romanetii share the unique glandular trichomes with V. adenoclada (see Ma et al. 2016), and V. davidii occurs in southern China in the same geographic area as V. adenoclada . We hence regard Vitis davidii as a more likely parental species than V. romanetii due to their geographic distribution and the highly similar glandular trichome morphology. Ma et al. (2018, 2020) also showed that Vitis adenoclada and V. davidii grouped in one clade in the nuclear phylogeny, consistent with our hypothesis.

Figures

Figure 1. General morphology of Vitis adenoclada, especially showing the highly tomentose leaves and the inflorescences subtended by an unbranched tendril (J. Wen 11560, US).

Figure 2. Characteristic glandular trichomes on young branches of Vitis adenoclada A X. Q. Liu 114 (CCAU) B X. - Q. Liu 115 (CCAU) (photo credit: Z. Y. Ma).