Thrinchostoma productum (Smith 1853)

Pauly, Alain & Eardley, Connal, 2013, A Revision of Afrotropical Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), Belgian Journal of Entomology 12, pp. 1-76 : 49-57

Thrinchostoma productum (Smith 1853)

( Figs 50 , 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)

Halictus productus Smith, 1853: 55 , ♂ [!]. Female holotype: Sierra Leone (BMNH). Schulz, 1906: 239; Friese, 1909b: 128; Friese, 1909a:125; Cockerell, 1937: 96.

Halictus (Thrincostoma) [!] productus Smith : Vachal, 1903: 393; Friese, 1909a: 128, 151–152.

Thrinchostoma productum (Smith) : Cockerell, 1908c: 343–344.

Thrinchostoma productus (Smith) : Strand, 1912: 271.

Thrincostoma [!] productum (Smith) : Blüthgen, 1928: 164; Blüthgen, 1930: 496–497, 499, 537– 539, 542.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) productum (Smith) : Medler, 1980: 481; Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 175.

Halictus (Thrinchostoma) bibundicus Strand, 1910: 43–44 , ♂. Male holotype: Cameroun, Bibundi, leg. J. Weiler (Mus. Wiesbaden). Strand, 1927: 62. Syn. nov.

Thrincostoma (Thrincostoma) [!] bibundicus (Strand) : Blüthgen, 1930: 496–497, 499, 511–512, 514, 518, 534.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) bibundicum (Strand) : Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 172.

Thrinchostoma tessmanni Strand, 1912: 271–272 , ♂. Male lectotype: Equatorial Guinea « Spanish Guinea », Benitogebiet, Uelleburg, 1-14.II.1907, leg. Tessmann (MNHUB). Strand, 1927: 114. Syn. nov.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) tessmanni Strand : Blüthgen, 1930: 496–497.

Thrincostoma [!] bibundicum var. tessmanni (Strand) : Blüthgen, 1930: 517–518, 535.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) bibundicum tessmanni (Strand) : Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 176.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) grisescens Blüthgen, 1930: 529 , 536, ♀. Female holotype: Cameroun, Bosum, « Hinterland von Kamerun am Uamfluss », 5.V.1914, leg. Tessmann (MNHUB). Blüthgen, 1930: 542, syn.

Thrinchostoma grisescens Blüthgen : Pauly, 1999: 155, 173.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) bequaerti Blüthgen, 1930: 499 , 518, 535, ♂. Male holotype: Liberia, Du River, Camp n03, 27.VII.1926, leg. Bequaert (RMCA). Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) bequaerti Blüthgen : Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 172.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) bequaerti var. ochropus Blüthgen, 1930: 518 , 535, ♂. Male holotype: Liberia, Monrovia, 17.VII.1926, leg. M. Bequaert (RMCA). Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) bequaerti var. ochropus Blüthgen : Michener, 1978: 524.

Thrinchostoma ochropus Blüthgen : Pauly, 1999: 155, 175 (syn. of T. bequerti ).

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) vachali Blüthgen, 1930: 497 , 539, ♀. Female lectotype: Gabon, Entre Sam Quito et Ndjolé, 1900, leg. J. Bouyssou (MNHNP). Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) vachali Blüthgen : Michener, 1978: 524–525.

Thrinchostoma vachali Blüthgen : Pauly, 1998: 45; Pauly, 1999: 155, 177 (syn. of T. bequaerti ).

Thrinchostoma lualiensis Cockerell, 1939: 242 , ♂. Male holotype D.R. Congo, Luali, 26.VIII.1913, leg. Dr. Bequaert (RMCA). Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) lualiensis Cockerell : Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 174 (syn. of T. bequaerti ).

REMARKS.

The T. bibundicum type has not been examined, but the colour of the legs is quite variable among males of Thrinchostoma , therefore varieties with dark or orange legs are considered to be conspecific.

Blüthgen separates T. tessmanni according to notches on the antennae. According to a photograph of the holotype taken at MNHUB, there seems to be an artifact. The notches begin on segment 8 and not 6, as stated by Blüthgen (1930).

DIAGNOSIS. The male of T. productum is grey black, with the last segments of the antennae not bent, the apical margin of sternite 5 glabrous and the antennae with notches on segments 8 to 12.

The female is grey black. The abdomen is without red spots but sometimes suffused with brown. The scape of the antennae are entirely dark brown. The last terga has a mixture of clear and black setae. Tergite 1 is finely striated with scarce punctures (i = 3d). It differs from T. petersi and T. nachtigali by being completely grey. No good characters have been found to separate it from the grey T. kandti .

MATERIAL.

LIBERIA. Du River, Camp n03, 27.VII.1926, 1♂, leg. Bequaert ( RMCA) (paratype T. bequaerti ). – Memehtown, 29.VIII.1926, 1♂, leg. Bequaert (paratype T. bequaerti ). – Harbel, Du River, leg. J. Bequaert ( MCZ).

BENIN. Pénéssoulou, forest area, I.2004, 1♀, leg. G. Goergen ( IITA). Forêt de Kpinkonzoun, Akpadanou, 6°46N 2°27’E, 28.II.2007, piège Malaise en lisière, 1♂, projet GTI ( RBINS).

CAMEROON. N’Kolbisson, 26.IV.1982, 1♀, leg. J. Carayon ( MNHNP). – Nkolbisson, 20.V.2006, 1♂, sur Cucumeropsis mannii , 1♂, leg. Azdo Ela ( RBINS).

EQUATORIAL GUINEA. Benitogebiet, Uelleburg, 16-31.VIII.1906, 1♂ (paralectotype T. tessmanni ) leg. Tessmann ( MNHUB). – Bata, 25.IX.1897, 1♀, leg. J. Bouyssou ( MNHNP) (Vachal 1903). – Nkogo, 1901, 1♀, leg. J. Bouyssou ( MNHNP) (Vachal 1903).

GABON. ESTUAIRE. Ntoum, VIII.1984, bord étang ombragé, PM, 2♀, IX.1984, verger, PM, 1♂, 14. X.1984, lisière forêt, Manihot esculenta (pollen), 1♀, 8. I.1985, Heterotis decumbens , 1♀, 9. III.1985, 9h, étang ombragé, 1♂ et 1♀ in copula, 1. VI.1985, Ipomoea asarifolia , 1♀, 2. IV.1985, Dacryodes edulis , 1♂. – route Ntoum-Donguila, 1. XII.1985, Heterotis decumbens , 1♀. – Bissobinam, 3. XI.1985, sablière, Heterotis decumbens , 1♀. – Kougouleu, 12. XI.1985, chemin forestier, Dissotis multiflora , 1♀. HAUT-OGOOUE. Léconi, 29. I.1987, Dissotis brazzae , 1♀.

MOYEN-OGOOUE. Ogooué, Lambaréné, 1911, 1♀, leg. R. Ellenberger ( MNHNP).). – Njolé, 1♀ (J. Bouyssou) (Vachal 1903). – Ngoum-Ngoum, 4.V.1986, 1♀. NGOUNIE. Mandilou II, 31.XII.1985, lisière forêt-savane, Asystasia , 1♀. OGOOUE-MARITIME. M'Paga, 12.IV.1986, Otomeria guineensis , 1♀. (all leg. and col. A. Pauly; Pauly 1998).

CONGO-BRAZZAVILLE. M’Touki, col. des Bambas, route de Dimonika à Dolisi, 6.I.1969, 1♀, leg. J.P. Grillot ( MNHNP). – Kakamoeka, 4°07’S 12°04’E, IX.2007, 1♂, Darwin Project ( RU). – Lessaras-Girard, 27.I.1977, 1♂, leg. Grillot & Morin ( MNHNP) ( var ochropus ).

D.R. CONGO. Limbala, 8.VIII.1913, 1♂, leg. Dr. Rodhain ( RMCA). – Tshuapa, Bokota, I.1953, 1♂, leg. R.P. Hulstaert ( RMCA). – P.N.U. (= Parc National de l’Upemba), Kaswabilenga, 700m, 14.X.1947, 1♂, leg. G.F. de Witte ( RMCA). – P.N.U. Lukawe, affluent rive droite Lufira, 700m, 6-9.X.1947, 1♂, leg. G.F. de Witte ( RMCA). – Walikale 39 km S, 700m, 25.XII.1957, leg. E.S. Ross & R.E. Leech ( CAS). – P.N.G. (Parc National de la Garamba), PpK.56/d/8, 27.II.1952, 1♂, leg. H. De Saeger n°3149 ( RMCA) ( var ochropus ).

Figures

Fig. 50. Thrinchostoma productum, female holotype in BMNH (Sierra Leone) (a), female lectotype of T. vachali in MNHNP (Gabon) (syn. of T. productum) (b, c) and male specimen collected in copula (Gabon, Ntoum) (d, e, f).