TANYDERINAE Osten-Sacken, 1879

Skibinska, Kornelia, 2016, Nannotanyderinae: a new subfamily of Tanyderidae (Diptera), Palaeontologia Electronica 19 (3), pp. 1-16 : 2-6

Subfamily TANYDERINAE Osten-Sacken, 1879

Type Genus. Macrochile Loew, 1850 .

Type Species. Macrochile spectrum Loew, 1850 .

Genera included. Fossil genera Praemacrochile ; Podemacrochile ; Macrochile ; Similinannotanyderus and the following extant genera Araucoderus , Eutanyderus , Mischoderus , Neoderus , Nothoderus , Protanyderus (also in fossil fauna), Radinoderus and Tanyderus .

Differential diagnosis. Male genitalia small with short and wide gonopods; gonocoxite usually broad at base and about three or four times as long as wide; specimens medium or large size compared to those of a new subfamily described below; vein Sc markedly longer than half the wing length; wing with clearly visible coloration.

Description. Species rather large size with a wing length from 7–20 mm; wings with patterning; vein Sc longer than half the wing length; rostrum short; antennae usually with 16 flagellomeres; legs elongated; male genitalia short and wide, definitely shorter than 3/4 abdomen length.

NANNOTANYDERINAE subfam. nov.

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Type Genus. Nannotanyderus Ansorge, 1994 . Type Species. Nannotanyderus ansorgei Krzemiński, Azar and Skibińska, 2013a .

Genera included. Fossil genera Nannotanyderus ; Dacochile ; a new genus described below, and the extant genus Peringueyomyina .

Differential diagnosis. The primary feature distinguishing the new subfamily is the unique external structure of the male genitalia. Gonopods elongate, its length when at rest being at least as long as one third the length of abdomen ( Figure 3.1 ); male terminalia either unrotated or rotated 180 degrees (inverted like in all subfamilies of Psychodidae except Sycoracinae ); species small compared to those of Tanyderinae , without elongated abdominal segments (except for extant species); wing with anal lobe reduced, inconspicuous, compared to prominent in Tanyderinae ; wing membrane hyaline (without patterning).

Description. Fossil species small in size, without elongated abdominal segments. Wings small with lengths ranging from 1.56–4 mm, only Peringueyomyina with a larger wing, approximately 10 mm in length. Wing membrane hyaline, without patterning; usually with a developed anal lobe; vein Sc short in fossil species, approximately half wing length, longer in Peringueyomyina ; d-cell closed; Rs longer than R 4+5. Extant species characterized by conspicuous, elongate rostrum. Antennae elongate (except in Peringueyomyina ); usually with 16 articles (17 in Dacochile ) with elongate, cylindrical flagellomeres. Legs elongate, each with two tibial spurs (absent in Dacochile ). Male genitalia conspicuous, with strikingly elongate gonopods, their length when at rest being equal to as much as 3/4 abdomen length.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Comparison of external structure of male genitalia (1 and 2; in dorsal views) and wing venation (3 and 4; in dorsal views) in subfamilies. 1, Nannotanyderus ansorgei (JG. 385/2B), Nannotanyderinae. 2, Mischoderus annuliferus Hutton, 1900 (ISEZ PAN collection), Tanyderinae. 3, a new genus of Nannotanyderinae described below (holotype, MP/3376). 4, Mischoderus annuliferus (ISEZ PAN collection), Tanyderinae. Scale equals 0.5 mm.