Spinoscapha, Leschen, Richard A. B. & Löbl, Ivan, 2005

Leschen, Richard A. B. & Löbl, Ivan, 2005, Phylogeny And Classification Of Scaphisomatini Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae With Notes On Mycophagy, Termitophily, And Functional Morphology, The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 3) 59, pp. 1-63 : 28-30

Spinoscapha new genus

( Figs. 23–27 , 61 ) Type species: Brachynopus rufus (Broun, 1881)

Diagnosis. Body slightly dorsoventrally compressed and elongate-oval. Dorsal setae reduced. Mandible with apex bifid. Galea wide and radulate. Apex of submentum invaginate. Antennomeres 3 and 4 elongate. Corbiculum present. Pronotal and elytral carinae hidden in dorsal view. Mesepimeron present. Elytron with basal stria. Hind coxae separate. Profemora without ctenidium. Pro- and mesotibiae without 2 basal spines.

Description. Body. Body form slightly dorsoventrally compressed and elongate-oval, about 2.2 3 longer than wide. Dorsal setae reduced. Pronotal and elytral carinae hidden in dorsal view.

Head. Labral setae present and apically notched or frayed. Mandible with apex bifid, subapical serrations present. Maxillary palp normal, palpomere 2 with 2 apical setae. Galea wide, not narrow and radulate, with brush apical. Lateral setae of lacinia present. Hypopharyngeal setae present and setose. Labial palps normal, palpomere 2 with 1 subapical seta; terminal palpomere apical not angulate. Edge of mentum straight, surface setose. Apex of submentum invaginate. Maxillary ducts present and microductulate; gular pores absent. Gular suture not reaching submentum. Frontoclypeal suture present. Eye entire; interocular distance small. Antennal insertion hidden; level at or below midline of eye. Antenna filiform; antennomeres 3 and 4 elongate; antennomeres 7–11 asymmetrical. Tentorial spine absent.

Prothorax. Corbiculum present. Prosternum with anterior portion of procoxal cavity asetose; prosternal process not spinate. Anterior bead of pronotum interrupted in middle. Hypomeron completely visible in lateral view; apex not extended beyond hind margin of pronotum. Pronotal carina prominent and beaded. Prothoracic angle rounded, not extending well below epipleural line and not extending to anapleural suture.

Mesoventrite. Mesoventral space (prepectus) absent. Mesoventral lines present. Secondary lines present. Mesoventral process paxillate. Median lines absent. Mesepimeron present; length about one-third the full length of anapleural suture. Width of intercoxal process smaller than that of coxa.

Metaventrite. Metaventrite separate from mesoventrite. Mesocoxae round. Mesocoxal lines parallel to coxa and impunctate; not connected at middle. Setiferous patch absent; primary setae present and discal. Premetacoxal lines, descrimen, and intercoxal plate absent. Metepimeral suture impunctate. Metepimeron mostly exposed. Metepimeron without longitudinal line. Metendosternal stem present. Metacoxal process digitate.

Pterothorax. Scutellum visible between elytral bases; width about one third the length of pteronotum; scutellar lines type III. Hind wing present. Elytron with basal and lateral striae present; serrations present.

Abdomen. Hind coxae separate. Submetacoxal space absent; submetacoxal lines impunctate. Two primary setae present on disc of ventrite 1. Abdominal ventrites slightly setose. Brickwall membranes between segments 1–4 present. Paratergites of segment 4 present or absent and 6 absent. Spiracle 8 absent. Aedeagal sclerites not tripartite.

Legs. Profemora without ctenidium. Pro- and mesotibiae without 2 basal spines. Mesofemora rounded in cross-section; subapical seta not sclerotised. Tibiae smooth; length of mesotibia greater or equal to the tarsus; outer mesotibial spines absent; two inner mesotibial spines present, subequal with largest one 2 3 greater than the other. Length of mesotarsomere 1 greater than 2. Metatarsi smooth. Empodium bisetose.

Comments. Spinoscapha is described for the single species Brachynopus rufus which is separated from other members of Brachynopus by having the pronotal angle extending to the anapleural suture (47-0), mesoventral space absent (49-1), intercoxal plate absent (73-1), and presence of paired spines on the outside base of the tibiae ( Fig. 61 ). Details about the species can be found in Löbl and Leschen (2003 b). Specimens examined of Spinoscapha rufa are maintained in the FMNH, MHNG, and the NZAC.

Distribution. New Zealand.

Included Species. Spinoscapha rufa (Broun, 1881) , new combination.

Etymology. The genus name (gender feminine) is derived from the Latin word spina, meaning spine, referring to the tibial spines, combined with ‘‘scapha’’ derived from the Greek word scaphos, meaning boat.

Figures

Figs. 23–27. Spinoscapha rufa (after Löbl and Leschen 2003b). 23) Dorsal and lateral habitus (scale bar ¼ 1 mm); 24) labrum and epipharynx, dorsal view; 25) right mandible, ventral view; 26) left maxilla, ventral view; 27) labium and mentum, ventral view.

Figs. 55–62. Scanning electron micrographs (after Löbl and Leschen 2003b). 55) Radulate galea of Brachynopus latus, ventral view; 56) submentum of B. latus, ventral view; 57) corbiculum of B. latus, posterior view; 58) same, close-up of membrane; 59) prosternal process of Baeocera actuosa, posterior view; 60) intersegmental membranes showing brickwall pattern of B. latus; 61) tibia of Spinoscapha rufa; 62) bisetose empodium of B. latus.