Raquanus hades, Noyes, 2023

Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) 2 (11), pp. 1-921 : 672-674

Raquanus hades sp.nov.

(Figs 1847-1852; Hab. E 275)

Female (holotype): length, 1.40mm (CPD).

Head with occiput dull, metallic dark green, frontovertex mainly metallic blue-green mixed purple, face dark coppery purple immediately above scrobes, in scrobal area, on interantennal prominence and on anterior part of gena; temple and posterior part of gena more metallic green; area immediately below lowest part of eye mixed violet, brassy and dull purple; mouth margin dull, metallic green; frontovertex, gena and interantennal prominence with very inconspicuous brown setae; antenna (Fig. 1850) with radicle dark brown; scape dark brown with a weak brassy and purple sheen, pale orange at extreme apex; pedicel dark brown, pale orange at apex and ventrally; funicle pale orange; clava pale brown, proximal segment mixed pale orange; maxillary palpus white; pronotum black, generally with a weak coppery purple sheen; propleuron and prosternum black; mesoscutum moderately bright, metallic dark green, mixed with some brassy reflections, anterior one-fifth or so and posterior margin coppery purple; tegula dark brown with a weak coppery purple sheen; axilla dark purple-brown with a weak coppery and brassy sheen; scutellum less shiny than mesoscutum but mixed dark metallic green and blue-green with some coppery purple reflections, side and apex shining dark green, blue-green and copper; mesoscutum, clothed with fairly inconspicuous, dark brown setae, scutellum with conspicuous dark brown setae; metanotum dark purple-brown with a weak brassy sheen; mesopleuron dark brown, mainly with a weak purple, brassy and coppery sheen mixed with some dark blue; mesosternum dark brown; all coxae dark brown; fore femur dark brown with apices very pale yellow, tibia largely very pale yellow with a broad, subbasal brown ring, tarsus very dusky yellow, darker towards apex; mid femur very pale yellow at apices otherwise dark brown, tibia white to very pale yellow with a broad, dark brown, subbasal band to about 0.5X, spur and tarsus very pale yellow, distal segments of tarsus slightly darker; hind femur dark brown, tibia dark brown with extreme base white and apex pale orange, tarsus white with two apical tarsomeres pale brown; wings (Fig. 1848) hyaline; propodeum dark brown with a weak brassy sheen, side with a strong, metallic green sheen, at least 20 conspicuous, translucent, silvery setae behind and outside spiracle extending down side of propodeum and towards posterior margin; gaster dark brown, with a distinct coppery purple sheen, dorsal part of Gt1 with a strong metallic blue-green sheen, side of gaster with a mixed metallic green, brassy and coppery sheen; gonostylus dark brown.

Head about 2.7X as wide as frontovertex with a narrow, shiny-bottomed groove adjacent to eye margin extending from level with posterior ocellus about 0.6X to occipital margin; ocelli forming an angle of about 75°; frontovertex shiny, with fairly regular, moderately deep, polygonally reticulate sculpture of mesh size generally subequal to eye facet; frontovertex with piliferous punctures shallow, none in front of anterior ocellus, a line of sparse setae along inner eye margin continued along lower eye margin; interantennal prominence with two submedian lines of inconspicuous setae; temple and gena a little more shiny than frontovertex, temple and gena with conspicuous, longitudinally elongate, polygonally reticulate sculpture of relatively large mesh; eye virtually reaching occipital margin, separated by much less than 0.5X diameter of facet, with conspicuous pale setae that are each about as long as diameter of a facet, separated from scrobal margin by a little more than diameter of ocellus, area between eye and scrobe with transversely elongate, imbricate-reticulate sculpture; scrobes meeting shallowly dorsally, very weakly margined dorsally and laterally; interantennal prominence shallow, dorsally more or less rounded and separated from frontovertex, with very shallow, polygonally reticulate sculpture; antenna as in Fig. 1850; scape broadened and flattened, about 2.9X as long as broad; clava about 1.5X as broad as F6, and slightly shorter than funicle, sutures hardly oblique, sensory area slightly enlarged, extending about 0.3X along ventral surface of clava giving it an obliquely truncate appearance; position of malar sulcus clearly indicated by a change in sculpture; mandible with two acute teeth and a broadly truncate, upper tooth. Relative measurements: HW 84, HH 85, FV 31, POL 18, OOL 2, OCL 5.5, AOL 15, EL 54, EW 40, MS 35, SL 36, SW 12.5.

Thorax (Fig. 1851) in dorsal view with pronotum short, largely hidden by head; pronotum with polygonally reticulate to imbricate-reticulate sculpture that is slightly finer and shallower than that on frontovertex; mesoscutum with similar sculpture to that on frontovertex; axilla with polygonally reticulate sculpture that is slightly coarser that on mesoscutum; scutellum conspicuously convex with polygonally reticulate sculpture that is clearly deeper than that on mesoscutum, cells in middle one-third rounded, laterally longitudinally elongate to striate reticulate, apex and side completely smooth and shiny; visible part of mesoscutum about 1.7X as broad as long; scutellum dorsally only slightly convex, nearly 1.1X as long as broad, apex not thin and flange-like; fore wing with venation and distribution of setae as in Figs 1848, 1852; costal cell with a single line of setae dorsally in apical one-third or so; mid tibial spur slightly longer than basitarsus; propodeum (Fig. 1851) medially about 0.13X as long as scutellum and more or less smooth, side with some shallow, polygonally reticulate sculpture; side of propodeum rounded posteriorly above hind coxa, but with an inconspicuous triangular posterior tooth about one-third way to spiracle. Relative measurements: FWL 92.5, FWW 38.5; HWL 69, HWW 19.

Gaster with hypopygium reaching about 0.8X to apex; syntergum about 0.8X as long as mid tibia, with apex weakly angular; ovipositor not exserted.

Paratype. Hypopygium Fig. 1848; ovipositor Fig. 1847. Funicle with linear sensilla only on F5-F6. Relative measurements: OL 48, GL 17.5 [MT 71, MTS 22].

Variation. Females vary in overall length from 1.24-1.40mm, the interantennal prominence may be coppery and contrasting with dark metallic green scrobal area, F1-F5 may be slightly dusky, the clava may be entirely brown, the mesoscutum may be mostly metallic green or blue-green, the fore wing may have a very small infuscate area immediately below the marginal vein, the head varies from 2.4-2.7X a wide as the frontovertex, the ocelli may form an angle of 75-95° and the scape varies from 2.6-2.9X as long as broad.

Male: length 0.91mm.

Very similar to female but for wider frontovertex, structure of antenna and genitalia. Head about 2.0X as wide as frontovertex; antenna attached much closer to level of lower eye margin than to mouth margin; scape about 0.6X as long as frontovertex width and 2.5X as long as wide; pedicel about 1.4X as long as wide; flagellum filiform, all funicle segments longer than wide, F1 smallest, about 1.8X as long as wide, F2-F6 subequal in length, becoming very slightly broader distad with F2 about 1.8X as long as broad and F6 about 1.4X as long as broad, all segments clothed in setae, the longest of which is about as long as diameter of segment; clava slightly shorter than F5-F6 combined; genitalia with aedeagus moderately slender, apex narrowly rounded; digitus with a single apical hook.

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica.

HOSTS. Unknown.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.

Type material. Holotype E: COSTA RICA, San José, Zurqui de Moravia , 1600m, vii.1991 (P. Hanson) . Paratypes: COSTA RICA, 1E, 1G, Guanacaste, RF Monte Alto, Cerro Romo , 883m, 220700 382545, #65013, 27-29.x.2001 (I. Jiménez), 2E , San José, same data as holotype but viii.1995 and xi.1995; 1E , Puntarenas, Monte Verde [sic] Res. 1.vi.1993 (Michalski) . Holotype in MZUCR, paratypes in MZUCR and NHMUK .