Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius ( Ménétriés, 1832 )

Muilwijk, Jan, Kataev, Boris M. & Wrase, David W., 2024, Review of the subgenus Lyrothorax of the genus Pterostichus (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in the Western Palaearctic, with descriptions of two new species, Zootaxa 5468 (2), pp. 255-274 : 259-264

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5468.2.2

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0FF33E52-AEAB-4207-935C-4E11F551A96D

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11621075

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039487C7-FFA7-BB7D-FF66-FEBD9C57FC8E

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius ( Ménétriés, 1832 )
status

 

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius ( Ménétriés, 1832) View in CoL

( Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2a View FIGURE 2 – 11a View FIGURE 11 , 12 View FIGURE 12 , 15a View FIGURE 15 )

Feronia (Omaseus) caspia Ménétriés, 1832: 120 View in CoL : “ Lenkoran ”.

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius View in CoL : Heyden et al., 1906: 88: “Casp.” (part.).

Platysma (Lyrothorax) caspium View in CoL : Jakobson, 1907: 344: “Talysh, N. Persien, Transkaspien” (part.).

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius View in CoL : Csiki, 1930; pars 112: 645: “Transcaspia, Lenkoran, N. Persien ” (part.).

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius View in CoL : Kryzhanovskij, 1983: “SE Azerbaijan and N Iran ”.

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius View in CoL : Kryzhanovsky et al., 1995: 104: “Talysh Mts.”.

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius View in CoL : Bousquet, 2017: 719: Azerbaijan, Czech Republic (introduced), Iran (part.).

Type material examined. ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ) Lectotype: male (present designation), labelled “Daghest.” [printed] and “Caspica Menet. / Mar. casp.” [a former bottom label written by Ménétriés] and “ LECTOTYPE Feronia caspia Ménétriés, 1832 , Muilwijk, Kataev & Wrase des. 2024” ( ZIN).

Paralectotypes: 1 female, labelled “ Daghest .” [printed] ( ZIN) ; 1 female, labelled “ Lenkoran.” [printed] ( ZIN); both paralectotypes are also supplied with the label “ PARALECTOTYPE Feronia caspia Ménétriés, 1832 , Muilwijk, Kataev & Wrase des. 2024” (see Remarks below) .

Additional material studied. Azerbaijan. “ Ad mare Casp , Brandt leg.” (1 male, MFNB); GoogleMaps Allar , Yardymli env, 23.5.2007, 2000 m, K. Orszulik leg. (1 male, CKO) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Talysh , Yardymly District, 2 km S of Allar village, 38° 47’ N / 48° 14’ 10” E, H= 1800 m, 25.VII.1984, I. Belousov leg. [vic. of Allar] (2 males, 2 females, CIB) [aedeagus examined in 2 males]; GoogleMaps Talysh , Yardymly District, 6 km NE of Allar village, 38° 49’ 23” N / 48° 17’ 28” E, H= 1300–1400 m, 26.VII.1984, I. Belousov leg. [10 km NE] (1 male, 1 female, CIB) [aedeagus examined in 1 male]; GoogleMaps Astara district: Talysh, Palikesh vill., 1700 m, 26. VI.2003, I. Pljushtch leg. (2 males, CAP, CDW) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Astara Istisu, W Astara, 100 m, 2.–6.VI.1996, W. Schawaller leg. (2 males, 1 female, CDW, SMNS); GoogleMaps Astara, Istisu , 27.IV.1984, Kh. Aliev leg. (4 males, 1 female, CIB) [aedeagus examined in 1 male]; GoogleMaps Astara Distr., Shiyakeran vill. env., 9.VII.1988, B. Kosov leg. (2 males, 1 female, MPU) [aedeagus examined in both males]; GoogleMaps Astara Distr., upp. Istisuchay Riv., Siov Vill. env., h~ 1000 m, 38°26’28”N 48°39’01”E, 18–19.IV.2004, K. Makarov leg. (1 male, MPU) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps “ Caspi. -M.- Gebiet , Hamarat, Leder leg.” (1 male, 1 female, MFNB); GoogleMaps “ Caspi.-Gebiet, Lirik Leder (Reitter)” (1 female, ZIN); GoogleMaps “ Caspi.Gebiet, Hamarat , Leder (Reitter)” (2 females, ZIN); GoogleMaps Caucasus ” (1 male, 1 female, RMNH)” [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps “ Lenkoran, Reitter” (3 males, 1 female, SMNS); “Lenkoran” X.1983, S. Golovatch leg. (1 female, SMNS); GoogleMaps “ Lenkoran, v. Bodemeyer leg.” (3 males, 6 females, MNP); GoogleMaps Lenkoran, Apo below Bilasar , 350 m, 8.–9.VI.1996, leg. W. Schawaller (1 male, CDW) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps “Aus Circ Lenkoran Transcauc. Or.” (1 male, ZIN); GoogleMaps “ Lenkoran Leder ( Reitter )” (1 male, 5 females, ZIN) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps “ Lenkoran Caucasus” (2 males, ZIN); GoogleMaps Lenkoran Distr., Alekseevka–Dashdatuk , 6.VIII.1988, V. Belov leg. (1 male, MPU) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Lenkoran Distr., Avrora Vill., Hirkan forest , 28.IV.1966, Zagulyaev, Pastukhov leg. (1 male, ZIN); GoogleMaps same data but 20.IV.1966 (1 female, ZIN); GoogleMaps same data but Pastukhov leg. (1 male, ZIN) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps same data but 1.V.1966 (1 male, ZIN); GoogleMaps Lenkoran Distr., Avrora vill. env., 1.IV.1980, S. Alekseev leg. (1 male, MPU) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Lenkoran Distr., Avrora vill. env., oak forest, 26–27.I.1982, K. Makarov leg. (1 male, 1 female, MPU) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Bileser, Avrora, Hirkan forest , 26–5–2007, Orszulik leg. (2 males, 1 female, CKO); GoogleMaps Talysh, Avrora , 13.IV.1979, M. Danilevsky leg. (1 male, MPU) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Lenkoran Distr., Dashdatuk vill. env., oak forest, 28.I.1988, V. Dushenkov leg. (1 female, MPU); GoogleMaps Talysh , Lenkoran, 28.IV.1969, V. Dolin leg. (1 male, MNP) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Schach-Agač Talysch III–1904 ” (1 male, ZIN); GoogleMaps Schach-Agatsch ” (1 female, ZIN); GoogleMaps “ Talysch Gebirge, Transcaucas , Leder leg.” (1 male, MFNB); GoogleMaps Talyschgebg. Transcaucas. Leder, Reitter ” (2 males, 3 females, ZIN); GoogleMaps Talysch , Hauser leg.” (3 males, 4 females, MNP); GoogleMaps “ Talysch, Kaukas. ” (1 male, NHMUK); GoogleMaps Talysch , Carl Rost leg.” (1 male, MNP) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Talysh, Alazapin, climbing the Mt. Angelovyband , beech forest, 3.VII.1929, K. Arnoldi leg. (1 male, 1 female, ZIN) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Talysh, Alekseevka , 28.V.1956, V. Kurnakov leg. (1 male, ZIN); GoogleMaps Talysh, Alekseevka , 28.V.1936, A. Bogachev leg. (3 males, 1 female, ZIN) [aedeagus examined in 2 males]; GoogleMaps Talysh, Bilyasar , 6.VI.1936, K. Arnoldi leg. (1 male, ZIN); GoogleMaps same data but 9.VI.1936 (1 female, ZIN); GoogleMaps Talysh, Hirkan Nature Reserve , 21.VIII.1983, I. Belousov leg. (1 male, ZIN); GoogleMaps Talysh , Lerik Distr., Hircan Nature Reserve , E Lake Khanbulan & Ranger station, 38°39’36” N / 48°46’35” E, H= 100 m, 31.VIII.1983, I. Belousov leg. (13 males, 10 females, CIB) [aedeagus examined in 4 males]; GoogleMaps Talysh , 30 km of road Lenkoran–Lerik, 38°45’32”N, 48°35’41”E, 29.VII.1984,. I. Belousov leg. (1 male, 2 females, CIB); GoogleMaps Talysh, road Lenkoran–Lerik, W Piran , forest, 38°43’58”N 48°37’43”E, 30.VII.1984, I. Belousov leg. (2 males, CIB); GoogleMaps Talysh , Lerik –“Chertov most”, 38°44’35”N 48°24’10”E, H= 1250 m, 11.VII.1983, I. Belousov leg. (1 male, 1 female, CIB); GoogleMaps Talysh , Lenkoran, Lerik, V.1969, V. Dolin leg. (1 female, MNP); GoogleMaps Talysh , Astara District, WNW of Sym village, 38°29’18”N, 48°37’41”E, H= 700 m, 15.X.2017, S. Alexeenko leg. (2 males, 3 females, CIB); GoogleMaps Talysh, Diabar Hollow, vic. Orand village , 38°45’20”N 48°21’30”E, H= 1500 m, 9.VII.1983, I. Belousov leg. (1 male, 2 females, CIB); GoogleMaps Talysh, Diabar Hollow, vic. Amburdere village , 38°45’22”N 48°21’30”E, H= 1400 m, 10.VII.1983, I. Belousov leg. (1 male, CIB); GoogleMaps Talysh, Polikesh , 20.vi.1994, A.G. Koval leg. (1 male, CKO) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Talysh, W Polikesh (= Palikesh ) env., 38°30’55”N, 48°38’06”E, H= 620 m, 6.V.2017, S. Alexeenko leg. (5 males, 7 females, CIB); GoogleMaps Talysh, vic. of Polikesh Vill. , ca 1200 m, 12–13.VI. 1994, A. Koval leg. (2 males, 1 female, CAK); GoogleMaps same data but ca 1500 m, 14.VI.1994, A. Koval leg. (1 male, 1 female, CAK); GoogleMaps Talysh , same data but ca 1000–1400 m, pitfall traps, 13–20.VI.1994, A. Koval leg. (1 male, CAK); GoogleMaps W Bilyasary, road Alazapin–Kagoy , 38°36’53”N 48°36’49”E, 18–19.VII.1984, I. Belousov leg. (2 males, 2 females, CIB) GoogleMaps .

Iran. Ardebil. E. Ardebil, 12.VII.2005, Atamehr leg. (1 male, CJM) [aedeagus examined]. GoogleMaps Gilan. Hasthpar, Talysch , 25.VII.1976, Bohac leg.(1 male, 5 females, MNP); GoogleMaps Charasu-dagh,östl. Heroabad 2000–2300 m, 4.VIII.1968, W. Heinz leg. (1 female, CWH); GoogleMaps Asålem (pass), NW Bandar-e Anzali, 3737N 4848E, 1630 m, 29–30.VI.2000, P. Kabátek leg. (1 male, CDW) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Asålem Pass S., 5.vii 2003, 1600 m, I. Rapuzzi leg. (1 female, CJM); GoogleMaps 25 km SW di Asålem , m 850, D. Gianasso leg. (1 male, CGI); GoogleMaps A 11, 22 km WSW Kala, Chay 1200 m, 2001, Müller leg. (1 female: SMNS); GoogleMaps Chalkaser , 15.VIII.1972, W. Heinz leg. (1 male, CWH); GoogleMaps Charasu-dagh SW , Assalem 12–1800 m, ( Waldzone ), 3.VIII.1972, Gilan (Iran), W. Heinz leg. (1 male, CWH) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Dare-dasht , 1000 m, E Rudbarak, 4.VII.1968, W. Heinz leg. (2 males, CWH) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Sardab-rud, Rudbarak , 1700 m, 20.VIII.1998, (2 males, CWH) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps SE of Tutkabon , 10.6. 2014, 900 m, N 36°50′18′′ E 49°39’47” F. Černý leg. (1 male, CPV) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Tutkabon near Rudbar, N 36°83’ E 49°66’, 960 m 16.6.2010, W. Grosser leg. (1 female: CZM); GoogleMaps Ghaleroudkhan , 1.sep.2011, 27 03 33 N 49 14 15E, Moslem Salari leg. (1 male, CRF) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Masuleh , 1.VIII.1967, südl. Talysch 1000–1800 m, W. Heinz leg. (2 females, CWH); GoogleMaps Masuleh , 9.VIII.1968, 1400–2000 m, W. Heinz leg. (2 females, CWH); GoogleMaps Masuleh , 13.IV.1996, 1400 m, W. Heinz leg. (3 males, 1 female, CWH) [aedeagus examined in all males]; GoogleMaps Rostamabad (near Rudbar ) 12 km NW, 3655N 4924E, 1351 m, 30.–31.V.2003. P. Kabátek leg. (1 male, 1 female, CPW) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Rostamabad 1650 m 1.6. 2010 M. Marik leg. (1 female, CVS); GoogleMaps Nord Persien , Elburs geb., v. Bodemeyer” (1 male, MNP) [aedeagus examined]; GoogleMaps Elbourz occ., Sud Siahkal , 22.VI.2003, I. Rapuzzi leg. (1 female, CJM) GoogleMaps .

Material for further examination. (see intraspecific variation below). Iran. Gilan, “ Gassan kiade [near the mouth of Sefid-Rud River ], Persia, 14.VI. 915 Iljin (in Russian), Platysma caspius Men. V. Lutshnik d.” (1 male, ZIN) [aedeagus examined]; Gilan, Rasht Distr., near Dizkoh vill., 36°59’19”N 49°34’56”E 5–6.V.2016, D. Kasatkin leg. (1 male, MPU) GoogleMaps [aedeagus examined]; Māzandarān, Elburs Mts. Vak Kash env. Galugah–Yaneh Sar road, 36°40’N, 53°46’E, 670 m, 28.V.2007 21, O. Šauša leg.” (1 female. CPB); Mazandaran prov., 15 km S Alamdeh, 6. 6. 2014 / N 36° 26’ 27”, E 51° 54’ 11”, / 534 m, Walter Grosser lgt. (1 female, CZM) GoogleMaps ; Mazandaran occ. Gavar Deh env. 30.5.2001 lgt. Orszulik (1 female, CKO) ; “ Masendran , Persien Em. Reitter ” (1 male, NHMUK) ; “ Elburs Gebirge, Nord-Persien , v. Bodemeyer leg.” (5 males, 2 females, MNP, NME, RMNH) ; “ Elburs Gebirge” (1 female, RMNH) ; “ Alburs ” (1 male, 1 female, MFNB) ; “ Elburs, Carl Rost leg.” (8 males, 6 females, MFNB, MNP) .

Specimens (probably) mislabelled. (see Remarks below). “UdSSR, Armenia, Talis , 1-6.V.1991, J. Voldřich leg.,Az. Nagorno Karabach, Talys vill.” (1 male, CDW) [aedeagus examined]; “UdSSR, Armenia, Talis, 1–6.V.1991, J. Voldřich leg.” (1 female, CRF); “[ Kazakhstan] Pavlodar 31.V. / 928 Siberia [in Russian] // Platysma / caspium Men. / V. Lutshnik d.” (1 male, ZIN) [aedeagus examined] .

Redescription. Habitus as in Figs 1–2a View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 , 3a View FIGURE 3 . Body length: 10.5–14.9 mm (N=215).

Pronotum transverse (PW/PL = 1.37–1.50), wider than head (PW/HW = 1.31–1.40); hind angles sharp. Inner and outer basolateral foveae more or less punctured, outer fovea faintly impressed, inner fovea longer than outer one; inner and outer foveae not separated; with a sharp keel between lateral bead and outer fovea; basal transverse impression absent; lateral gutter narrow, ending mostly before hind angles. Microsculpture consisting of fine, irregular meshes, somewhat suppressed on disc, with sparse micropores.

Elytra ovoid-elongate (EL/EW = 1.39–1.44). Basal margin mostly straight, continuing fluently in lateral margin. Inner intervals flat, outer slightly convex. Microsculpture consisting of transverse, irregular meshes.

Ventral side. Metepisternum slightly longer than wide, clearly less densely punctured than metasternum ( Fig. 4a View FIGURE 4 ). Ventrite 7 in females with a superficial apical impression, in some specimens bordered on outside by a short keel, or medially divided by a keel ( Fig. 5a View FIGURE 5 ). Microsculpture in apical impression consisting of deep isodiametric meshes.

Median lobe of aedeagus as in Figs 6a View FIGURE 6 – 9a View FIGURE 9 , robust, its length 2.4–3.0 mm. Middle part bent at an angle of about 90 degrees to basal part. Margin of the folder of the membranous surface of apical orifice (pft) short, longer than wide, apically rounded, in some specimens outwards directed, terminal lamella (tl) in lateral view as a rule oblique and with a tooth (tltl) ( Fig. 6a View FIGURE 6 ); in dorsal view relatively short (WL-al: 2.38–2.60, in lectotype 2.49), with apical margin mostly rectilinear ( Fig 7a View FIGURE 7 ); left lateral margin sinuated outwards; right lateral margin sinuated to the apex. Gonoporal band in ventral view small, triangle shaped, with long curved point. Right pigmented band in middle (slightly) curved dorsally ( Fig. 8a View FIGURE 8 ). Apical part slightly wider than basal part. Inflated endophallus ( Fig. 9a View FIGURE 9 ) elongated apically; apical lobe (al) large; ostium lobe (ol), preapical lob (pl), ventral lobe (vl) small.

Parameres. Right paramere short, flat, with apex right-angled ( Fig. 10a View FIGURE 10 ); left paramere square, with two strongly sclerotized apophyses.

Female genitalia as in Fig. 11a View FIGURE 11 . Gonocoxite 1 with a row of apical setae, gonocoxite 2 with one ensiform seta ventrolateral, three ensiform setae dorsolateral of which basal seta is small.

Distribution. Azerbaijan and North Western Iran: provinces Ardebil and Gilan. The occurrence in Mazandaran needs further investigation ( Fig. 15a View FIGURE 15 ). Pterostichus caspius has been collected together with P. fritzei sp. n. at the Asålem Pass (Gilan).

Intraspecific variation. Terminal lamella of some males from Gilan is slightly longer (WL-al: 2.0–2.5) and/or has a (slightly) convex apex; lateral tooth (tltl) smaller or nearly disappeared ( Fig. 12 View FIGURE 12 ). In habitus we could not find any differences from the P. caspius specimens from Azerbaijan.

Additionally, some old specimens from the Western Elburz without precise locality data could only be identified as belonging to the P. caspius complex as we decided not to dissect genitalia due to a certain fragility of these specimens, so the endophallus was also not available for examination in these specimens. In future, other methods could also be available for their determination. Specimens from these localities are placed in ‘material for further examination’ and their status requires further study. From Masuleh (Gilan) three males were collected on 13.iv.1996. One male has the characteristic median lobe of P. caspius , the other two males are slightly aberrant, however no differences in the habitus could be found.

Remarks. According to the original description, this species is based on material collected in the forests of Lenkoran (former Russian Empire, now Azerbaijan), seven versts (about 7.5 km) from the sea (“les forêts de Lenkoran à 7 verstes de la mer”), without indicating the number of specimens ( Ménétriés, 1832). In the collection of ZIN, there are three specimens (one male and two females) that appear to be from the original type series with a former common bottom label written by Ménétriés “Caspica Menet. / Mar. casp.”, pinned now under the male. Although only one female is labelled “ Lenkoran.” and the other two specimens are labelled “Daghest.” (= Dag(h)estan), we identified all three as syntypes, since P. caspius does not occur in Dagestan and these printed labels were obviously added subsequently.

Two specimens collected by J. Voldřich have a locality label stating: “ Armenia, Talis, 1-6.V.1991 ”.A handwritten label has been added to one of the two “Nagorno Karabach, Talys vill.”, this record is undoubtedly wrong, as there are no suitable living conditions for P. caspius in this area, it certainly refers to the Talysh region. The locality label, given by V. Lutshnik with a locality from Kazakhstan is very doubtful, because it is far outside the known distribution area.

MFNB

Italy, Udine, Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale

SMNS

Germany, Stuttgart, Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde

MPU

MPU

RMNH

Netherlands, Leiden, Nationaal Natuurhistorische Museum ("Naturalis") [formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie]

NHMUK

NHMUK

ZIN

Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum

MFNB

Museo Friulano di Storia Naturale

CIB

Chengdu Institute of Biology

SMNS

Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkund Stuttgart

RMNH

National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis

NHMUK

Natural History Museum, London

NME

Sammlung des Naturkundemseum Erfurt

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Carabidae

Genus

Pterostichus

Loc

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius ( Ménétriés, 1832 )

Muilwijk, Jan, Kataev, Boris M. & Wrase, David W. 2024
2024
Loc

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius

Bousquet, Y. 2017: 719
2017
Loc

Platysma (Lyrothorax) caspium

Jakobson, G. G. 1907: 344
1907
Loc

Pterostichus (Lyrothorax) caspius

Heyden, L. & Reitter, E. & Weise, J. 1906: 88
1906
Loc

Feronia (Omaseus) caspia Ménétriés, 1832: 120

Menetries, E. 1832: 120
1832
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