Philodendron cordatum

Hentz Júnior, Elmar J., Hammes, Janaine K., Camelo, Mel C., Coelho, Marcus A. N. & Temponi, Lívia G., 2021, Araceae from Serra do Brigadeiro State Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Phytotaxa 497 (3), pp. 229-246 : 238

Philodendron cordatum ( Vellozo 1831: t.111) Kunth ex Schott in Schott (1860: 268) ( Fig. 4 E–J , 7 D–E ).

Hemiepiphyte. Stem climber. Prophylls greenish with vinaceous extrafloral nectaries, entire, persistent. Petiole 21.0– 58.8 cm long, green with vinaceous extrafloral nectaries, abaxially obtuse, straight abaxially, geniculum absent. Leafblade 9.2– 30 × 7– 25 cm, green, discolorous, entire, with vinaceous margin, perpendicular to the petiole, chartaceous, ovate, with a flat surface, apex acute, base cordate, lobes 4.4–16.2 × 3.5–12.4 cm, absence of glandular dots. Midrib light green on both sides, with vinaceous extrafloral nectaries, flattened adaxially, obtuse abaxially, 4–5 on both sides, basal vein absent, collective vein absent, secondary and tertiary veins parallel-pinnate. Inflorescence 1–3 per leaf axil. Peduncle 5.1–9.0 cm long, greenish to brown. Spathe 6.5–14.0 × 6 cm, green with vinaceous shading, base internally red. Spadix 6–11 cm long, heterogeneous, unisexual flowers, without sterile staminate flowers at the apex. Staminate fertile section 6.5–12.2 cm long, cream-colored. Staminate sterile section 1.0– 1.5 cm long, white. Pistillate section 1.1–1.5 cm long, yellow-greenish. Berries orange.

Distribution: — Philodendron cordatum is endemic to Brazil, occurring in Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina ( Flora do Brasil 2020). It was found in all trails, being the most common species in the PESB.

Ecology and phenology: —Presents flowering and fruiting from September through February (Sakuragui et al. 2011). In the PESB, it was found with flowers in November, and ripe berries in July, November and February.

Taxonomic notes: —Differs from other Philodendron species found in the PESB by the presence of vinaceous extrafloral nectaries and its ovate leaf blade.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Minas Gerais: Araponga, picada para o Pico do Boné , 02 Jul 2019, Nadruz et al. 3523 ( RB!); Trilha Matipó, 04 Jul 2019, E . J . Hentz Junior et al. 93 ( UNOP!); Fervedouro, próximo a MG-482, 13 Nov 2018, M . C . Camelo et al. 35 ( RB!); 14 Nov 2018, M . C . Camelo et al. 40 ( RB!); Trilha Pedra do Pato , 12 Feb 2020, E . J . Hentz Junior et al. 182 ( UNOP!) .

Figures

FIGURE 4. Philodendron appendiculatum. A. Habit. B. Leaf shape. C. Inflorescence detail. D. Berries. E–J Philodendron cordatum. E. Habit. F. Leaf shape, detailed inflorescence, berries. G. Stem. H. Inflorescence. I. Spathe detail. J. Berries.

FIGURE 7. Anthurium scandens subsp. scandens. A. Habit and leaf detail. Philodendron appendiculatum. B. Inflorescence. C. Habit. Philodendron cordatum. D. Habit. E. Inflorescence. Philodendron propinquum. F. Habit and inflorescence. Illustrations by Thaís Marcon