Peratophyga crista Jiang, Xue & Han

Jiang, Nan, Xue, Dayong & Han, Hongxiang, 2012, A review of Peratophyga Warren, 1894 in China, with descriptions of two new species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Ennominae), Zootaxa 3478, pp. 403-415 : 408-411

Peratophyga crista Jiang, Xue & Han sp. nov.

Figs. 9, 10 , 23 , 30 , 37

Peratophyga venetia Swinhoe , sensu Heppner & Inoue, 1992, Lepidoptera of Taiwan, 1 (2): 112.

Peratophyga venetia Swinhoe , sensu Wang, 1998, Geometer Moths of Taiwan, 2: 32.

Peratophyga venetia Swinhoe , sensu Ades & Kendrick, 2004, Hong Kong Fauna: A Checklist of Selected Taxa: 32.

Description. Head. Antennae yellow with blackish grey scales dorsally, serrate with long ciliations in male, filiform in female. Frons dark brown, bottom margin yellow, not protruding. Labial palpi yellow mottled with dark brown scales, extending slightly beyond frons. Vertex yellow. Thorax. Patagia dark grey, bottom margin yellow. Tegula and dorsum grey. Hind tibia with two pairs of spurs in both sexes, dilated with hair-pencil in male. Forewing length: male and female 13–15 mm. Outer margin of all wings smooth. All wings pale greyish brown and semihyaline from bases to postmedial lines, blackish brown from postmedial lines to outer margins. Forewing with costa pale yellowish brown with scattered greyish brown scales; antemedial and medial lines pale yellowish brown, wavy, often indistinct; discal spot dark grey, shortly linear; postmedial line blackish brown, incurved between M veins and below CuA2; a row of blackish brown spots present inside postmedial line; submarginal line yellowish brown, indistinct, forming a large patch on costa; terminal line blackish brown, indistinct; fringes pale yellowish brown mixed with blackish brown. Hindwing with discal spot smaller and more indistinct than on forewing; medial line pale yellowish brown, wavy, more distinct than on forewing; other striations similar to those of forewing. Underside pale yellow; discal spot of forewing black, almost oblong, larger and more distinct than on hindwing; areas between postmedial lines and outer margins of all wings black. Forewing with a basal elliptical fovea in male; M2 arising from anterior angle of cell, sometimes shortly stalked with M1, varying individually. Abdomen. Abdominal segments pale yellow scattered with dark grey scales. Tuft of scales present on male sternite III. Male genitalia. Uncus triangular, slightly subulate. Gnathos with small, rounded apically median process. Dorsal process of valva shaped like head of a long-beaked bird with a long crest facing inwards; basal three-fifths of process strongly sclerotized, then bent inwards in a right angle into a long process on inner side; terminal two fifths of process weakly sclerotized, folded back from end of sclerotized part, slightly curved and with long setae, and with a tiny spine at tip; ventral lobe of valva almost triangular, incurved apically, the extreme apex rounded and with a small and acute process dorsally. Juxta tapered terminally. Saccus rounded. Aedeagus short and tapered at apex; vesica coarse and with two cornuti, spinous terminally, basal cornutus longer and narrower than distal one. Female genitalia. Lamella postvaginalis oval with outer edges strongly curved, posterior margin concave medially; lamella antevaginalis long and ribbon-like, with a pair of triangular processes laterally. Ostium bursae sclerotized. Ductus bursae sclerotized, about two-thirds length of corpus bursae. Corpus bursae elliptical; signum oval, with many marginal and several central teeth, marginal teeth on one side longer than those on the other side.

Diagnosis. The species is difficult to distinguish from P. venetia on external characters. However, the male genital structures differ substantially: the dorsal process of the valva is bent inwards into a projection as long as the terminal process outside of the angle in the new species, whereas it forms only a short spine on the inner side of the angle in P. v e n e t i a; the apical part of the ventral lobe of the valva is rounded and forms a small acute process dorsally, while in P. v e n e t i a, it is gently curved to a truncate apex. In the female genitalia, the posterior margin of the lamella postvaginalis is more concaved and the triangular processes on the lamella antevaginalis are boarder than those of P. venetia .

Material examined. Holotype, Ƌ, CHINA: Hainan ( IZCAS): Baisha, Yacha, Langyacun, 230 m, 2.V.2009, coll. Yan Keji. Paratypes: Guangdong ( IZCAS): 1Ƥ, Guangzhou, 29.V.1973, coll. Zhang Baolin. Hainan ( IZCAS): 3Ƥ, Danzhou, 140–150 m, 15–17.V.2007, coll. Chen Fuqiang; 1Ƥ, Baisha, Yacha, Langyacun, 230 m, 2.V.2009, coll. Yan Keji; 1Ƥ, Baisha, Yinggeling, Nankai, Fanglaocun, 790 m, 13.IV.2010, coll. Jiang Nan; 1Ƌ, Baisha, Yinggezui, 611 m, 6–7.V.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang; 10Ƌ3Ƥ, Baisha, Nankai, Nanmaola, 1261 m, 10–14.V.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang and Yan Keji; 2Ƌ2Ƥ, Baisha, Hongkan Shuiku, 553 m, 3–5.V.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang and Yan Keji; 1Ƌ, Qiongzhong, Limuling, 620 m, 14.V.2007, coll. Lang Songyun; 1Ƌ, Qiongzhong, Limushan, Qijiacun, 657 m, 6–7.IV.2010, coll. Jiang Nan; 2Ƥ, Changjiang, Shilu, Shuiku, 132 m, 14.V.2007, coll. Chen Fuqiang; 1Ƥ, Wuzhishan, Shuiman, 730–900 m, 10.V.2007, coll. Lang Songyun; 4Ƌ, Wanning, 60 m, 21–27.V, 22–24.VII.1963, coll. Zhang Baolin; 1Ƥ, Wanning, Xinglong, 41 m, 21.III.2008, coll. Lang Songyun; 1Ƥ, Lingshui, Diaoluoshan, 260 m, 5.V.2007, coll. Lang Songyun; 2Ƥ, Jianfengling, 7.VI.1973, coll. Chen Yixin; 4Ƌ, same locality, 14–28.IV.1978, coll. Zhang Baolin; 1Ƥ, same locality, 21.V.1982, coll. Gu Maobin; 1Ƥ, same locality, 7.IV.1982, coll. Liu Yuanfu; 2Ƌ, same locality, 6.V.1983, coll. Wang Chunling and Gu Maobin; 2Ƌ, same locality, 22.IX.1983, coll. Liu Yuanfu; 1Ƌ, Ledong, Jianfengling, Tianchi, 808 m, 18.V.2009, coll. Yan Keji; 2Ƥ, same locality, 982 m, 23–26.XI.2008, coll. Li Jing. Guangxi ( IZCAS): 3Ƌ2Ƥ, Jinxiu, Luoxiang, 200–400 m, 14–15.V.1999, coll. Han Hongxiang and Liu Dajun; 1Ƌ, Wuzhou, 4.VII.1990, coll. Yang Shengping; 1Ƌ, Nanning, Linkesuo, 110 m, 26.IV.1984, coll. Zhang Jiajun; 7Ƌ5Ƥ, Pingxiang, 230 m, 8–17.VI.1976, coll. Zhang Baolin; 3Ƥ, Shangsi, Hongqi Linchang, 300 m, 27–28.V.1999, coll. Li Wenzhu et al.; 1Ƌ3Ƥ, Fangcheng, Banba, 550 m, 4.VI.2000, coll. Yao Jian and Li Wenzhu; 1Ƌ2Ƥ, Fangcheng, Fulong, 200–350 m, 23–24.V.1999, coll. Ke Xin and Li Wenzhu; 1Ƥ, Napo, Beidou, 550 m, 9.IV.1998, coll. Zhou Haisheng; 1Ƌ, Longzhou, Nonggang, 330 m, 15.VI.2000, coll. Yao Jian. Yunnan ( IZCAS): 2Ƌ, Ruili, Dengga, 900–980 m, coll. Xue Dayong; 1Ƌ, Cangyuan, 790 m, 20.V.1980, coll. Shang Jinwen; 5Ƌ, Hekou, Xiaonanxi, 200 m, 7–11.VI.1956, coll. Huang Keren et al. Guangdong ( SYSU): 3Ƌ1Ƥ, Fengkai, Yanshuitian, 2–6.V.2011, coll. Zhang Dandan and Tong Bo; 1Ƥ, same locality, 6.IX.2011, coll. Yang Lijun and Liao Junlei; 3Ƌ1Ƥ, Guangzhou, Honam island, P’an-yu, 20.III, 9–11.VII.1936, coll. Y.C.Ng.; 2Ƌ, Dongwan, Lianhuashan, 120 m, 21.IV.2004, coll. Zhang Dandan and Pang Hong; 1Ƌ1Ƥ, Heshan, 26–27.VIII.2002, coll. Liu Guilin; 1Ƌ, same locality, 10.X.2002. Taiwan ( ZFMK): 2Ƌ2Ƥ, Tien-Hsiang (Hualien Co.), 600 m, 20.VI.1993, coll. F. Aulombard & J. Plante.

Distribution. China ( Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Hongkong, Guangxi, Yunnan). Etymology. The species named on the basis of Latin word crista , which means crest or crown, referring to the shape of the terminal part of the dorsal process of the valva.

Remarks. Anthony Galsworthy has showed us a slide of the male genitalia of a Hong Kong specimen which he dissected long ago and identified as “ P. venetia ”. We agree with Galsworthy that the male gentital features of the specimen are in fact identical with P. c r i s t a sp. nov. So, we consider the record of P. venetia from Hong Kong as misidentification, and add Hong Kong to the range of P. c r i s t a sp. nov. As for the record of P. venetia from Taiwan, with help from Dieter Stüning, we examined the specimens from Taiwan in ZFMK, which were previously identified as P. v e n e t i a. We find that the genital features of those specimens were identical to P. c r i s t a sp. nov. So, we consider Heppner & Inoue (1992) and Wang (1998) ’s records of P. venetia as misidentifications. But as pointed by Stüning in private communication, the Taiwan specimens are somewhat different from the material from other regions in the yellower areas between the medial lines and the postmedial lines of all wings. Thus, we suspect that the Taiwan specimens probably represent a subspecies of P. c r i s t a sp. nov. However, further studies for deciding the clear systematic position of the Taiwan material is needed. Wang (1998) also recorded that “ P. venetia ” in Hainan, but we did not find any material of true P. v e n e t i a from Hainan, so we consider the record of P. venetia from Hainan as misidentification.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 17. Adults of Peratophyga (2 X). 1 – 2. P. hyalinata (Yunnan). 1, male; 2, ditto, underside; 3 – 5. P. grata grata. 3, female, syntype (Japan); 4, male (Heilongjiang); 5, ditto, underside; 6 – 8. P. grata totifasciata. 6, male, syntype (Jiangxi); 7, male (Fujian); 8, ditto, underside; 9 – 10. P. crista sp. nov., holotype (Hainan). 9, male; 10, ditto, underside; 11 – 12. P. recta. sp. nov., holotype (Yunnan); 11, male; 12, ditto, underside; 13 – 15. P. bifasciata. 13, male, holotype (Hainan); 14, male (Hainan); 15, ditto, underside; 16 – 17. P. xanthyala. 16, female (Tibet); 17, ditto, underside.

FIGURES 21 – 26. Male genitalia of Peratophyga. 21, P. grata grata (Heilongjiang); 22, P. grata totifasciata (Gansu); 23, P. crista sp. nov. (Hainan); 24, P. re c t a. sp. nov. (Yunnan); 25, P. bifasciata (Hainan); 26, P. xanthyala (Malaysia). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 27 – 33. Aedeagus of Peratophyga. 27, P. hyalinata; 28, P. grata grata (Heilongjiang); 29, P. grata totifasciata (Gansu); 30, P. crista sp. nov. (Hainan); 31, P. recta. sp. nov. (Yunnan); 32, P. bifasciata (Hainan); 33, P. xanthyala (Malaysia). Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 34 – 40. Female genitalia of Peratophyga. 34, P. hyalinata (Yunnan); 35, P. grata grata (Inoue slide no. 4666, Japan); 36, P. grata totifasciata (Jiangxi); 37, P. crista sp. nov. (Hainan); 38, P. re c t a sp. nov. (Yunnan); 39, P. bifasciata (Guangxi); 40, P. xanthyala (Tibet). Scale bar = 1 mm.