Peinaleopolynoe santacatalina Pettibone, 1993

Hatch, Avery S., Liew, Haebin, Hourdez, Stephane & Rouse, Greg W., 2020, Hungry scale worms Phylogenetics of Peinaleopolynoe (Polynoidae, Annelida), with four new species, ZooKeys 932, pp. 27-74 : 27

Peinaleopolynoe santacatalina Pettibone, 1993 Figure 5

Material examined.

Seven specimens (SIO-BIC A8487, SIO-BIC A8565, SIO-BIC A8566, SIO-BIC A8567, SIO-BIC A10927) from the Rosebud Whalefall off the coast of San Diego, California (32°46.62'N, 117°29.25'W), ROV "Doc Ricketts" dive 471, 842 m depth, 18 May 2013. One specimen (SIO-BIC A8487) fixed in formalin and preserved in 50% ethanol, with elytra fixed and preserved in 95%. Six specimens (SIO-BIC A8565, SIO-BIC A8566, SIO-BIC A8567, A10927) fixed in formalin and preserved in 50% ethanol. Twenty-eight specimens (SIO-BIC A8489, SIO-BIC A10924) from the Rosebud Whalefall (32°46.30'N, 117°27.18'W), ROV "Doc Ricketts" dive 623, 850 m depth, 20 June 2014. Three of the SIO-BIC A8489 specimens fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol, with elytra fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol; the remaining specimen fixed in formalin. Twenty-four specimens (SIO-BIC A10924) fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol. One specimen (SIO-BIC A8490) from the Del Mar Seeps off the coast of San Diego, California (32°54.25'N, 117°46.94'W), ROV "Doc Ricketts" dive 472, 1020 m depth, 19 May 2013; fixed in formalin and preserved in 50% ethanol, with elytra fixed and preserved in 95% ethanol.

Supplementary description.

Elytra and elytrophores large, bulbous, ten pairs, on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19. Elytra thin, smooth edges, oval-shaped with a very small sub-reniform notch at the anterior-facing edges. Elytra large, covering dorsum (Fig. 5A, B ). Chaetae and dorsal cirri extending beyond the width of elytra (Fig. 5A ). Elytra on segments 2, 17, 19 ca. half the size to three quarters of the size of mid-body elytra. Elytra on segments 17, 19 curving to a lateral point away from the midline (Fig. 5B ). All specimens having lost some elytra in sampling process. Ten pairs of elytra confirmed by the presence of ten bulbous elytrophores, very small on segment 19 (Fig. 5C ). Elytral color ranging from iridescent, light pink to deep red. Remaining morphological characters examined matching Pettibone’s (1993) original description, most importantly the presence of ventral papillae on segments 12-15 (Fig. 5D ).

Remarks.

The specimens studied here were mostly collected from the San Diego whalefall (850 m depth), ca. 110 km southeast from the type locality whalefall (1240 m depth), and matched Pettibone’s (1993) description. One specimen, SIO-BIC A8490, was also collected at ~ 1000 m from a methane seep off Del Mar, southern California. Peinaleopolynoe santacatalina differs from the remaining Peinaleopolynoe taxa in that it has ten pairs of elytra as opposed to nine and no modified segment 19 (Table 5 ).

Figures

Figure 5. Peinaleopolynoe santacatalina specimens A SIO-BIC A 8487, live dorsal view B Peinaleopolynoe santacatalina observed on the Rosebud Whalefall off the coast of San Diego, CA C SIO-BIC A 8489, live dorsal view without elytra. Numbers next to the elytrophores indicate the pairs of elytra (ten total) D SIO-BIC A 10927, live ventral view. Arrows indicate the four pairs of papillae on segments 12 - 15. Abbreviations: el, elytrophore; br, single large group of branchiae on elytrigerous segment; br 1, branchiae small group 1 attached to dorsal tubercle on cirrigerous segment; br 2, branchiae large group 2 attached near base of notopodium on cirrigerous segment. Scale bars: 5 mm (A, C, D); 10 mm (B).