Mucuna analuciana T.M. Moura, V.F. Mansano & A.M.G. Azevedo, Syst. Bot.

De, Tânia M., Lewis, Gwilym P., Mansano, Vidal F. & Tozzi, Ana M. G. A., 2018, A revision of the neotropical Mucuna species (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae), Phytotaxa 337 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

1. Mucuna analuciana T.M. Moura, V.F. Mansano & A.M.G. Azevedo, Syst. Bot. 38(3): 632. 2013

TYPE:— BRAZIL. Bahia, Ilhéus, área do CEPEC ( Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau ) , km 2, 1 September 1981, T.S. Santos 3659 (holotype: CEPEC!; isotype: RB!) .

Mucuna altissima var. pilosula Benth., Fl. Bras. 15(1): 171, pl. 157. 1859, syn. nov. TYPE:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro, 1832 (holotype: LE 01013837).

Lianas. Leaves alternate, 3-foliolate; pulvinus 7.0 × 2.0 mm; petiole ca. 6.0 cm long; stipels 5.0–6.0 mm long, persistent; rachis 1.3–1.5 cm long; petiolules 3.0–5.0 mm; lateral leaflets 8.5–10 × 4.0– 5.2 cm, asymmetric at base, cuspidate to acuminate at apex; apical leaflet 10–11 × 4.8–5.0 cm, rounded to acute at base, cuspidate to acuminate at apex; venation eucamptodromous, secondary veins in 4.0–5.0 pairs per leaflet; sparsely sericeous on both

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MOURA ET AL.

surfaces, more dense abaxially. Inflorescence axillary, pseudoracemose; peduncle 30–60(–80) cm long; rachis 4.0–7.0 cm long, brachyblast nodose; bracts 2.0–3.5 × 1.0–2.0 cm, frequently caducous; pedicels ca. 1.5 cm long, internodes 2.0–5.0 mm apart. Flowers 4.0– 5.5 cm long; calyx 1.7–2.5 cm long; 4-lobed, the adaxial lobe formed by two connate sepals; corolla reported as pale green (T.S. Santos 3659 RB) or white to lilac (Y. Mexia 4164 MO), pubescent on wings and at base of keel; standard broadly elliptic, 3.8–4.8 × 3.0 cm, truncate basally, rounded apically, claw 1.0 mm long; wings oblong-obovate, 4.0–5.0 × 0.8 cm, acute basally, rounded to slightly acute apically, claw 3.0–4.0 mm long; keel petals slightly shorter than wings, oblong, 3.5–4.5 × 1.2 cm, acute at apex and base, claw 2 mm long. Stamen filaments 3.2–4.0 cm long, glabrous; anthers dimorphic, basifixed, 2 mm long. Gynoecium 4.0–5.0 cm long; ovary 5–10 × 2.0 mm, densely sericeous; style 3.5–4.0 cm, densely sericeous, glabrescent at apex; stigma peltate, villous. Fruits oblong, ca. 10 × 3.0 cm, acute at base, apiculate at apex, ornamented by transversal lamellae, densely pubescent, with irritant hairs covering the entire surface. Mature seeds not seen.

Taxonomic notes:— Mucuna analuciana Moura et al. (2013a: 632) is frequently misidentified as M. urens , especially because of the colour of the corolla and the ornamented fruits; however, the species differ by the presence of stipels and a peduncle up to 1 m long in M. analuciana (vs. stipels absent and peduncle over 1.0 m long in M. urens ). Mucuna analuciana is also similar to M. mutisiana ( Kunth 1823: 443) De Candolle (1825: 406) , but the surface of the fruits in M. mutisiana is ornamented by partial, discontinuous transverse lamellae comprising coriaceous ridges 1.0 to 4.0 mm high, these occasionally elevated into pointed extensions (vs. the lamellae without pointed extensions in M. analuciana ). Moreovoer, M. analuciana is endemic to Brazil, while M. mutisiana occurs in Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Panama, Venezuela, and Peru, but is absent from Brazil.

Phenology:— Flowering October to May, fruiting March to April.

Distribution and habitat:— The species has been collected only in central and eastern Brazil, in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Bahia, and Goiás ( Fig. 1 ). It is most commonly reported from disturbed vegetation.

Conservation status:— We are in agreement with Moura et al. (2013a) who assessed M. analuciana as Endangered [(EN B2ab(ii)(iii)(iv)]. According to available data, Mucuna analuciana has a restricted area of

A REVISION OF THE NEOTROPICAL MUCUNA SPECIES

Phytotaxa 337 (1) © 2018 Magnolia Press • 7 occupancy (24km 2), and it has been recorded from less than 10 locations. The most known collections are from before 1930 and the most recent collection is dated 1981. We undertook a number of field trips in search of the species in its supposed preferred habitat, but we were unsuccessful in locating any extant populations. The species is not recorded from any protected area and most of the locations from where it has been collected in the past are now severely fragmented due to the expansion of agriculture.

Vernacular name:— ‘Olho de boi’ [Minas Gerais Y. Mexia 4164 (BM; GH; K; MO; NY; P); Y. Mexia 5194 (BM; GH; K; MO; NY; P)].

Representative specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Viçosa, 17 October 1930 (fl.) Y. Mexia 5194 ( BM, GH, K, MO, NY, P); Viçosa, road São Miguel , 24 December 1929 (fl./fr.), Y. Mexia 4164 ( BM, GH, K, MO, NY, P) . Rio de Janeiro: May 1885 (fl.), A.F.M. Glaziou 14675 (K, P); February 1992 (fl.), A.F.M. Glaziou 13424 ( LE, K, P); April 1883 (fr.), A.F.M. Glaziou 13701 ( LE, K, P); Barra da Tijuca, 22 March 1964 (fl./fr.), W. Hoehne 5936 (K, NY) . Goiás: Catalão, Fazenda Barra do Sr. Adib , a 3 km de Divinópolis, without date, A.H. Salles et al. 2662 ( HEPH, UB) . Bahia: Ilhéus, área CEPEC (Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau), km 22 da rodovia Ilhéus / Itabuna ( BR 415 ) , 1 September 1981 (fl.), T.S. Santos 3659 ( CEPEC, RB) .

The holotype of M. altissima var. pilosula Bentham (1862: 170) does not present any significant morphological differences to the species described by Moura et al. (2013a) as M. analuciana . Here we consider the two to be synonymous. Although Bentham described his trinomial in 1862, a century and a half before the publication of M. analuciana , we are not required to adopt the epithet pilosula at species rank because a name only has priority at the same taxonomic rank. Moreover, the name M. altissima ( Jacquin 1760: 27) De Candolle (1825: 405) is enigmatic, its description based on a mixture of materials, and this resulted in a proposal to reject the name ( Moura et al. 2014b).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Geographical distribution of six neotropical species of Mucuna: M. chiapaneca and M. jarocha (endemic to Mexico), M. analuciana and M. japira (endemic to Brazil), M. mollis (endemic to Colombia), and M. rostrata (widely distributed in Central and South America, and the Caribbean Islands).