Monacha (Metatheba) subcarthusiana ( Lindholm, 1913 )

Hausdorf, Bernhard, 2000, genus Monacha in the Western Caucasus Gastropoda: Hygromiidae), Journal of Natural History 34, pp. 1575-1594 : 1592-1593

Monacha (Metatheba) subcarthusiana ( Lindholm, 1913)

(®gures 9, 16, 19)

Helix (Carthusiana) carascaloides, O. Boettger 1884: 149 [partim, non Bourguignat, 1855].

Helix carascaloides, Westerlund 1889: 76 [partim, non Bourguignat,1855].

Helix carthusiana ± carascaloides [sic], Rosen 1911: 101 [partim, non Bourguignat, 1855].

Helix (Theba) subcarthusiana Lindholm, 1913: 139 . Locus typicus:`Westliches Transkaukasien: in der Stadt Ssotschi am Abhang des Berges mit dem Leuchtturme’, Russia.

? Theba orientalis roseni, Hesse 1914: 263 [partim, non Hesse, 1914].

Theba orientalis roseni var. sotschensis Hesse, 1914: 263 . Locus typicus:`Soci’, Russia.

Helix (Theba) orientalis var. subcarthusiana, Retowski 1914: 285 .

Metatheba subcarthusiana, Hesse 1931: 44 , pl. 7, ®g. 57.

? Metatheba orientalis, Hesse 1931: 44 , pl. 7, ®g. 56a [partim, non Hesse, 1914].

Theba (Metatheba) orientalis subcarthusiana, Likharev and Rammelmeier 1952: 434 .

Monacha (Boemica) subcarthusiana, Schileyko 1978: 289 , text-®g. 379±381, pl. 17, ®g. 161.

Shell (®gure 9). Depressed conical±globular; with 5±5× convex whorls; teleoconch with wrinkled growth-ridges and Ô distinct incised spiral striae; whitish; body whorl rounded or with a slight blunt edge at the beginning, which disappears towards the aperture; aperture elliptical or almost circular; upper insertion of the peristome usually slightly descending; peristome sharp, hardly expanded, with a whitish internal rib; umbilicus moderately wide or narrow, hardly obscured by the reēcted columellar edge.

Measurements. Sochi (n 5 30): D: 11.8±16.0 mm, x Å 5 14.1 mm; H: 6.7±10.3 mm, x Å 5 8.6 mm; D/H: 1.50±1.76, x Å 5 1.65.

Genitalia (®gure 16). The penial papilla is very short. The glandulae mucosae are missing or there are one or two simple or bi®d tubes. The bursa of the bursa copulatrix is oval or Ô rounded triangular. The right ommatophoral retractor usually crosses only with the penial retractor, but in one examined specimen it crosses with the penis (see discussion under M. (Paratheba) claussi , sp. n.). The measurements of some sections of the genitalia are compiled in table 3 and the variation of the proportions of some sections of the genitalia is compiled in table 4.

Remarks. The umbilicus of M. subcarthusiana is usually wider than that of the other Caucasian Monacha species except M. (Paratheba) claussi , sp. n. (see there). However, specimens of M. subcarthusiana with a narrow umbilicus can hardly be distinguished conchologically from M. (Paratheba) roseni and M. (Paratheba) kuznetsovi , sp. n.

The few specimens which were available from Ashe and from the Markotkh Gora distinctly diOEer in the proportions of the genitalia from the other populations. In two specimens from Ashe with a wide umbilicus the epiphallus: penis ratio and the epiphallus: ¯agellum ratio are extraordinarily low (1.6±1.8 respectively 0.6±0.7) (see tables 3 and 4). The specimen from Lazarevskoye ®gured by Schileyko (1978) is also characterized by extraordinarily low epiphallus: penis and epiphallus: ¯agellum ratios. The specimen from the Markotkh Gora with a narrow umbilicus resembles these specimens in the extraordinarily low epiphallus: penis ratio (1.6), but its epiphallus: ¯agellum ratio is within the usual range (1.4). On the other hand, the third specimen from Ashe, has a narrow umbilicus and an extraordinarily high epiphallus: ¯agellum ratio (1.9), whereas the epiphallus: penis ratio is within the usual range of variation (3.0). More material from the north-western part of the

distribution area of M. subcarthusiana is necessary to investigate whether the examined specimens represent only individual deviations within the breadth of variation of M. subcarthusiana or whether they represent a complex of closely related, but distinct species.

Distribution and material (®gure 19). Monacha subcarthusiana is spread along the coast of the Black sea between Gelendzhik in the north-west and the Psou valley in the south-east.

Russia. SW slope of the Markotkh Gora NE of Gelendzhik, DK23 (det. anat.; ZMH 2776 ); Tuapse, EJ08 (det. anat.; ZIRAN) ; Makopse , EJ17 (det. anat.; Schileyko 1978) ; Ashe , EJ26 (det. anat.; ZIRAN) ; Psezuapse valley 4 km NE of Lazarevskoye, EJ26 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Lazarevskoye , EJ26 (det. anat.; ZIRAN) ; Golovinka , EJ34 ( CLA); Soloniki, EJ35 ( ZMUM 8419 ); Sochi, at the slope of the mountain with the lighthouse, EJ52 (lectotype of subcarthusiana (design. Schileyko 1978): ZIRAN); Sochi, EJ52 (det. anat.; CLA; SMF 286795 ; ZIRAN; ZMH 2775 ) ; Sergey-Pole , EJ53 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Dagomys , EJ53 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Verkhneye Uchdere , EJ53 ( ZIRAN); Gora Akhun near Sochi, EJ62 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Agura valley near Sochi, EJ62 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Zmeyka valley , by-valley of the Matsesta valley, EJ62 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Staraya Matsesta , EJ62 (det. anat.; Hesse 1931) ; Verkhne Yurt , EJ63 (det. anat.; CLA) ; Khosta , EJ71 (det. anat.; CLA; ZIRAN; ZMUM 19103 ) ; bank of the Malaya Khosta , EJ72 (det. anat.; ZMUM 19102 ) ; Galitsino , EJ72 (det. anat.; CLA) ; gorge between Monastyrka and Kepsh, EJ82 (det. anat.; CLA).

Georgia. Mikelrypsh, Psou valley, EJ 81 (det. anat.; CLA).