Lantana restingensis Salimena & T.Silva, 2017

Silva, Tânia Regina Dos Santos, Salimena, Fátima Regina Gonçalves & Lima, Carla Teixeira, 2017, Two new species of Lantana (Verbenaceae) from Brazil, Phytotaxa 299 (1), pp. 125-131 : 128-130

Lantana restingensis Salimena & T.Silva , sp. nov. Fig. 3 A–J

L. lucida Schauer laminis ellipticis et corolla alba similis, sed bracteis ovalibus et fructibus cum mesocarpo sicco et castaneo differt. Type:— BRAZIL. Sergipe: Estância, Rodovia Estância, entrada no km 11 da Rodovia BR 101 (Trecho Estância-Aracaju), 20 km leste do entroncamento, 11º15’30”S 37º 16’38”W, 15 June 1994, L.A. Mattos-Silva, S.C. Sant’Ana, J.G Jardim & E.B. Santos 2986 (holotype

HUEFS 172888, isotypes ALCB, ASE 5499, MO 3445746, NY 571870, SP 394861).

Shrub ca. 80 cm tall, virgate, branches tetragonal, sulcate, dull brown, densely hirsute, with appressed, short, simple hairs, internodes 3.0– 3.5 cm long. Leaves decussate, patent, subpetiolate, petioles ca. 3.0 mm long, densely strigose, with ferruginous, sessile gland hairs; leaf blades elliptic, 3.0–8.0 (1.5) x (0.8) 1.3–3.0 cm, chartaceous, apex obtuse, rarely acute, mucronate, base attenuate-cuneate, margins entire, revolute, ciliate, with appressed, simple, short, white hairs, venation pinnate, adaxial side strigose-glandulose, with non-glandular, sparse, short, white hairs, subsessile, white gland hairs and sparse, bulbous hairs, abaxial side strigose along the veins, with appressed, non-glandular,simple, short hairs and sessile, dispersed gland hairs. Inflorescences axillary, one per node, smaller than leaves, peduncles 1.5- 2.3 cm long, sulcate, strigose-glandulose, with subsessile gland hairs, partial florescences capituliform, hemispherical, 1.5× 1.5 cm; external bracts green, foliaceous, ovate, 0.6-0.8 cm long,7-nerved, apex caudate-acuminate, 0.6–0.8 long, margins ciliate; adaxial side strigose, abaxial side sparsely strigose, densely strigose along the veins,with subsessile gland hairs, venation acrodromous, internal bracts green, foliaceous, ovate to elliptic, 0.6‒0.8 cm long, apex acute, with simple hairs; calyx ca. 1.2 mm long, laciniate, lacinia acute, ciliate, glandular sericeous; corolla salverform, white to lilac, the tube 0.8–1 cm long, lobes ca. 2.0 mm, obtuse; ovary globose, ca. 0.8 mm long, sericeous, style ca. 1.3 mm long. Fruit elliptic, dark brown, ca. 0.5 × 0.2 mm, calyx accrescent with sparse hairs, mesocarp dry, thin.

Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— BRAZIL: Sergipe: Pirambu, estrada para Pirambu, 14 September 1995, M. Landim et al. 604 (ASE, HUEFS, K, UNB).

Distribution and habitat:— This species grows in restinga forest in the State of Sergipe, on sandy soils, sharing this habitat with Lantana lucida Schauer (1847: 602) , L. salzmannii Schauer (1847: 602) and L. undulata Schrank (1822: 117) ( Silva 1999, Silva & Lima 2012) ( Figure 2B ).

Etymology:— The species epithet refers to the habitat where it grows, namely the coastal broadleaf forests called restingas in Brazilian Portuguese.

Conservation status:— This species is so far known only from two small areas in the State of Sergipe, both lying within conservation units for sustainable use: the Southern Littoral Environmental Protected Area and Northern Littoral Environmental Protected Area of Sergipe State. Regrettably, this kind of conservation unit allows some exploitation of the natural resources. In addition, the littoral region is under intense pressure from realestate development.We thus consider the species to be under threat despite its location within protected areas. The total extent of occurrence is less than 500 km 2 and we therefore propose that L. restingensis should be considered Endangered (EN) B1a ( IUCN 2015). Despite the fact that the area is of easy access and relatively well-collected, this species has been collected only twice. We performed two expeditions to look for this species along the habitat between the two collections points, and could not locate any other population, not even near the original collection sites.

Discussion:— Lantana restingensis can be recognized by its elliptic, chartaceous, aromatic, strigose leaves and white to lilac flowers. It can be distinguished from the sympatric species L. undulata and L. lucida by the purplish-red fruits of these two, and from L. salzmannii by the shape of the leaves and bracts and by fruit color, summarized in Table 2.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Distribution map. ▲ Lantana speciosa. ● Lantana restingensis. MG. Minas Gerais, BH. Bahia. SE. Sergipe

FIGURE 3.A–J. Lantana restingensis A. Habit.B. Leaf.C.Leaf, details of indumentum on abaxial surface.D. Leaf, details of indumentum on adaxial surface. E. Inflorescence; F External bract, adaxial view. G. Internal bract, adaxial view. H. Corolla, detail of the lobes. I. Corolla.; J. Fruit (holotype).