Hydrochasma peniculum, Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2013

Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz, 2013, A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae), ZooKeys 363, pp. 1-161 : 62-66

21. Hydrochasma peniculum sp. n. Figs 115-119

Diagnosis.

This species is distinguished from other congeners by the following combination of characters: Small shore flies, body length 1.40-1.90 mm. Head: Antenna mostly dark gray; parafacial silvery white, concolorous with facial coloration; gena-to-eye ratio 0.16-0.18. Thorax: Wing with costal vein ratio 0.73-0.74; M vein ratio 0.51-0.53. Forecoxa usually mostly yellow (apical 1/2-2/3); tergites 3-4 with lateral wedges, sometimes deeply inset. Abdomen: Tergites 3-4 with moderate deep gray wedges at lateral margin of darkened dorsum, wedge of tergite 4 deeper; tergite 5 of male mostly gray, with posterior margin darkened. Male terminalia (Figs 115-118): Combined structures generally moderately elongate, in posterior view height almost 2.5 × width, generally setulose dorsally, setulae sparse or lacking ventrally; epandrium lacking a dorsal arch above cerci, in posterior view (Fig. 115) with apical 1/3-1/2 abruptly narrowed, mostly parallel sided, phallic-like with apex expanded, hood-like, apicomedially with narrow, short cleft, in lateral view (Fig. 116) generally very shallowly arched, elongate, narrow, wider basally; cerci moderately short, height nearly twice width, semi-hemispherical (Fig. 115), attached ventrally with epandrium; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 118) very elongate, length about 10 –12× width, tubular, mostly parallel sided, apex narrowly truncate, in ventral view (Fig. 117) mostly parallel sided on basal 2/3-3/4, apical 1/4-1/3 narrowly diamond-like, expanded subapically, apex narrowly rounded; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 118) narrowly elongate, slightly expanded toward hypandrial end, thereafter gradually tapered to aedeagal base, in ventral view (Fig. 117) an elongate, narrowly T-shaped process with narrow crossbar at hypandrial end, thereafter slightly expanded toward aedeagal base, apex almost truncate; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 118) rod-like with slight arch on basal half, otherwise straight, parallel sided, in ventral view (Fig. 117) very narrow, elongate, widest medially, shallowly flared laterally toward base; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 118) elongate, more or less narrowly rectangular with posterior end tapered to a point, in ventral view (Fig. 117) length almost twice width, produced posteriorly as 2 narrow, lateral process, posterior margin moderately deeply emarginate, U-shaped, anterior margin bluntly rounded.

Type material.

The holotype male of Hydrochasma peniculum is labeled "DOM[INICAN].R[E]P[UBLIC]. Pedernales: Pedernales 18°01.8'N, 71°44.7'W, 19-20 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis/USNM ENT 00089078 [plastic bar code label]/HOLOTYPE ♂ Hydrochasma peniculum Mathis & Zatwarnicki, USNM [red]." The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. Twenty-seven paratypes (24♂, 3♀; USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype. Other paratypes are as follows: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Barahona: Baoruco (beach and river; 18°04.6'N, 71°05.5'W), 19 May 1998, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂; USNM); Cabral (canals E of Cabral; 18°15.2'N, 71°13.4'W), 16 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 1♀; USNM); Cabral (2 km E of Cabral; 18°15.2'N, 71°12'W), 16 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM); Cortico, El Limo (18°06.8'N, 71°13.9'W; 1350 m), 23 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Cortico, La Mina (18°06.7'N, 71°13.4'W; 1300 m), 23 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (6♂, 1♀; USNM); Ojeda (17°58.2'N, 71°10.6'W), 22 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (8♂; USNM). Pedernales: Pedernales (14 km E; 17°57.9'N, 71°38.4'W; cenotes), 20 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (7♂, 1♀; USNM).

Type locality.

Dominican Republic. Pedernales: Pedernales (18°01.8'N, 71°44.7'W).

Other specimens examined.

Neotropical. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, Universidade Federal do Amazonas (03°05.9'S, 59°58.2'W; 50 m), 7 May-22 Jun 1982, 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis, J. A. Rafael (1♀; INPA); Manaus, INPA (03°05.9'S, 59 °59.1'W; 60 m), 4 May 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (21♂; INPA, USNM); Reserva Ducke (02°55.8'S, 59°58.5'W; 40 m), 5 May 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (11♂, 1♀; INPA, USNM).

TRINIDAD and TOBAGO. Tobago. St. John: Charlotteville (5 km S; Hermitage River and beach; 11°18.9'N, 60°34.2'W), 22 Apr-11 Jun 1993, 1994, D. and W. N. Mathis (5♂, 6♀; USNM).

West Indies. ANTIGUA. near airport (17°08.2'N, 61°47.6'W), 19 Mar 1989, W. N. Mathis (6♂, 4♀; USNM).

CUBA. Cienfuegos: Jardin Botánico (22°7.5'N, 80°19.2'W), 13 Dec 1994, W. N. Mathis (13♂, 5♀; USNM); Topes de Collantes (5 km WNW; 21°56.5'N, 80°2.3'W; 600 m), 11 Dec 1994, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Havana: Ojo de Aqua (23°54.6'N, 82°29.1'W), 8 Dec 1994, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). Matanzas: Playa Larga (22°15.9'N, 81°09.9'W), 1 May 1983, W. N. Mathis (5♂, 23♀; USNM).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Azua: Puerto Viejo (18°20.9'N, 70°50.4'W), 14 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (7♂, 6♀; USNM); Puerto Viejo (near; 18°24.8'N, 70°44.7'W), 19 May 1998, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 1♀; USNM). El Seibo: El Seibo (5 km E; 18°44.73'N, 68°59.2'W; 120 m), 12 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM); Rincón (near; 18°45.3'N, 68°55.7'W), 12 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 1♀; USNM); Pedro Sánchez (18°51.4'N, 69°06.5'W), 26 May 1998, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).. Independencia: Baitoa (18°24.2'N, 71°35.7'W), 20 May 1998, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM); Los Bolos (18°37.8'N, 71°39.2'W; 1050 m), 25 Mar 1999, W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM). La Vega: El Río (9.5 km E; 19°0.9'N, 70°33.5'W; 980 m), 6 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Río Camu (3.5 km NW La Vega; 19°13.7'N, 70°35.2'W; 100 m), 10 May 1995, 1997, D. and W. N. Mathis (8♂, 1♀; USNM); Jarabacoa (1-2 km S; 19°06.9'N, 70°37'W; 520 m), 8-21 May 1995, 1998, D. and W. N. Mathis (10♂, 1♀; USNM); Salto Baiguate (near Jarabacoa; 19°05.5'N, 70°36.9'W; 570 m), 9 May 1995, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Monseñor Nouel: dam nr Rodeo (18°53.1'N, 70°33.5'W), 22 May 1998, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Peravia: Río Ocoa (San José Ocoa; 18°31.7'N, 70°30.4'W), 21 May 1998, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂; USNM). Puerto Plata: Río Camu (14 km E Puerto Plata; 19°41.9'N, 70°37.4'W), 17-23 May 1995, 1997, D. and W. N. Mathis (10♂, 1♀; USNM); Río Pérez (near Imbert; 19°44.1'N, 70°50.2'W), 24 May 1998, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM).

GRENADA. St. Andrew: Pearls Airport (12°08.7'N, 61°36.6'W), 17 Sep 1996, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 3♀; USNM).

JAMAICA. Clarendon: Barnswell Beach (17°45.'N, 77°08.5'W), 13 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Farquhars Beach (17°50.9'N, 77°22.8'W), 9 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (2♂, 4♀; USNM); Grantham (18°09.3'N, 77°23.8'W; 340 m), 16 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 2♀; USNM); Milk River Bath (17°51'N, 77°22'W; mangroves), 11 Mar 1970, T. Farr, W. W. Wirth (2♂, 11♀; USNM); Rest (3.5 km N; 17°54.1'N, 77°21.1'W), 9 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (3♂; USNM). Manchester: Mandeville (near; 18 °03.5'N, 77°31.9'W), 15-18 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 2♀; USNM); near Warwick (17°54.1'N, 77°25.5'W), 7 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (8♂, 1♀; USNM). Portland: Berridale (18°06.5'N, 76°20'W), Rio Grande River, 25 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (4♂; USNM); Hollywell (18°05.5'N, 76°43.6'W; 70 m), 27 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM); Reach Falls (Drivers River; 18°01.9'N, 76°18.7'W; 70 m), 25 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). St. Andrew: Mavis Bank (1.7 km E; 18°02.4'N, 77°39.5'W; 575 m), Yallahs River, 21-22 Apr-1 May 2000, W. N. Mathis (5♂, 3♀; USNM). St. Elizabeth: Black River (18°01.4'N, 77°51.1'W), 11 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Brae River (18°05.2'N, 77°39.3'W), 10 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (1♂; USNM); Elim (18°07.1'N, 77°40.5'W), 14 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (11♂, 2♀; USNM); near Port Kaiser (17°52.3'N, 77°34.9'W), 8 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (10♂, 3♀; USNM); Wally Wash Great Pond (17°57.9'N, 77°48.6'W), 19 Apr 2000, W. N. Mathis (5♂; USNM). St. Thomas: Yallahs River (mouth; 17°53'N, 76°35.6'W), 14 May 1996, D. and W. N. Mathis, H. B. Williams (9♂, 2♀; USNM).

PUERTO RICO. Adjuntas (18°09.8'N, 66°43.2'W), 22 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 1♀; USNM); Jayuya (2 km E; Río Saliente; 18°12.8'N, 66°33.9'W), 22 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 3♀; USNM); Maricao (4 km WNW; 18°10.7'N, 66°59.6'W), 21 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (9♂, 5♀; USNM); Punta Jacinto (near Guanica; 17°57'N, 66°52.6'W), 20 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂; USNM); Río Hoconuco (18°7.6'N, 67°2.6'W), 20 Sep 1995, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♂, 3♀; USNM).

Distribution

(Fig. 119). Neotropical: Brazil (Amazonas), Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies (Antigua, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Jamaica, Puerto Rico).

Etymology.

The species epithet, peniculum, is of Latin derivation and means tail or penis, referring to the shape of the epandrial extensions.

Remarks.

This species is similar to Hydrochasma incisum in having the dorsal half of the epandrium somewhat rectangular and in lacking a dorsal connecting band above the cerci, and the ventral portion, the ventral, epandrial process, is distinctly narrower in both species. This species is distinguished from Hydrochasma incisum , however, in having a parallel-sided ventral epandrial process that is not as long but is more robustly developed than in Hydrochasma incisum , and the apical portion is more expanded.