Graphis aurita Eschweiler (1833: 90)

Kalb, Jutarat, Lücking, Robert & Kalb, Klaus, 2018, The lichen genera Allographa and Graphis (Ascomycota: Ostropales, Graphidaceae) in Thailand-eleven new species, forty-seven new records and a key to all one hundred and fifteen species so far recorded for the country, Phytotaxa 377 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

* Graphis aurita Eschweiler (1833: 90) .

Type:— BRAZIL. Pará, Martius s.n. (M, holotype; digital image seen)

Fig. 3D .

Thallus corticolous, whitish, continuous, smooth, dull. Lirellae erumpent to prominent, with a lateral thalline margin, short to elongate, straight, curved or sinuose, usually unbranched or rarely branched, up to 3 mm long, labia convergent, striate, not pruinose, disc not visible from above ( tenella -morph). Exciple completely carbonized; hymenium clear; ascospores (4–) 8/ascus, hyaline, transversely septate, 7–9-septate, 25–35 × 8–9 μm, halonate, 7-septate, 15–25 × 6–8 μm (holotype, Lücking et al. 2009).

Chemistry: no lichen substances by TLC (anal. J. Sutjaritturakan).

Distribution and habitat:—Probably pantropical, known from Brazil, Puerto Rico, India ( Lücking et al. 2009), Taiwan ( Aptroot & Sparrius 2008 –present) and here reported from Thailand for the first time.

Remarks:—The ascospores in our collection are slightly smaller than in the type specimen of G. aurita . Lücking et al. (2009) however place Graphis persulcata Stirton (1879: 315) and Graphis immersa Fink (1927: 214) into synonymy with G. aurita and the spores of these species measure 25–30 × 5–7 μm and 20–45 × 7–8 μm respectively.

Material from Thailand examined:— Ranong province: Area of Ban Heownumsai, along side road from Phetkasem Road ( Road # 4) to Ton Petch Waterfall ( Rainbow Waterfall ), ca. 30 km S of Ranong City , in a palm tree plantation, 09°43’28’’ N, 98°36’52’’ E, 20 m, 6 June 2015, J. Sutjaritturakan (4961) & K. Kalb (hb. K. Kalb 41483) .

Figures

FIGURE 3. A. Allographa vestitoides (scale = 1 mm); B. Graphis albocarpa (scale = 0.5 mm); C. Graphis apertella (scale = 0.3 mm); D. Graphis aurita (scale = 0.4 mm); E. Graphis bakeri (scale = 0.4 mm); F. Graphis caesiella (scale = 0.5 mm); G. Graphis capillacea (scale = 0.4 mm); H. Graphis chlorotica (scale = 0.5 mm).