Grammosciadium pterocarpum Boiss. subsp. sivasicum B.Bani, 2016

Bani, Baris, Ulusoy, Fatma, Karakaya, Muhammet Ali & Koch, Marcus A., 2016, Taxonomic implications from morphological and anatomical studies in the section Stenodiptera from the genus Grammosciadium (Apiaceae), PhytoKeys 68, pp. 73-89 : 78-81

Grammosciadium pterocarpum Boiss. subsp. sivasicum B.Bani subsp. n. Figs 3 , 4 , 5 , 6

Diagnosis.

The new subspecies is similar to Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. pterocarpum and Grammosciadium platycarpum , but mainly differs from Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. pterocarpum by the fruits with two oil ducts in funiculus, and it differs from Grammosciadium platycarpum by its shorter fruits (0.9-1.1 cm, not 1.2-1.8 cm) and lower leaf sheaths without distinctly stalked stipular segments.

Type.

Turkey. B6 Sivas: Zara, around of Tasgoeze village , steppe, 1920 m, 07.07.2014, B.Bani 6985, M.A.Karakaya (holotype GAZI!) .

Perennial, erect, branched (at third node or above) or unbranched herbs. Rootstock with remaining of elder leaf bases. Stem 23-46 cm long and 0.2-0.4 mm broad (just below the first node), angular, prominently or slightly striate, scabrid or smooth, white, green or purplish at base. Basal leaves petiolate; petioles 6.5-11.5 cm long, broadly sheathed towards base; always smooth, prominently ribbed, canaliculate or flat, angular or triangular. Lamina 4-5-pinnatisect, 5.5-12 cm long, glabrous, gla brous, linear-elliptic in outline; primary segments 0.4-1 cm long, distance between primary segments 0.7-1.3 cm long; ultimate segments 3-5 mm long, mucronate at apex. Upper leaves similar but decreasing in size upwards. Bracts 3-6, trisect or up to 1-2 pinnatisect, (0.7-2.3 cm long; never with hyaline margin; segments 0.3-0.75 cm, always glabrous, mucronate at apex. Rays 7-11, unequal, 2-5 cm. Bracteoles 5-8, mostly simple and rarely trisect or 1-pinnatisect, 0.3-1 cm long, always glabrous. Flowers male only or hermaphrodite, 8-14, slightly radiate. Pedicels of male flowers 0.3-0.5 cm long. Sepals 0.1-0.5 mm long, smooth, patent or erect. Petals cordate, with long central oil duct, largest petal to 3 mm long. Stamens 5; longest filament to 1.5 mm long. Fruiting pedicels 2-5 mm long. Fruits, 2-10 per umbellule, linear-oblong, 0.9-1.1 × 0.1-0.11 cm long; each mericarp has 5 primary ribs and four secondary ribs alternating with the primary ribs; lateral ribs winged; wings 0.5-1.1 mm. Stylopodium minute up to 0.6 mm long. Styles divergent, ca. 1 mm, uninerved on outer side. Flowering May-June; fruiting June-July.

Etymology.

The epithet of this new subspecies derived from Sivas province of Turkey where this taxon is distributed.

Primary leaf segments of basal leaves are shown in Figure 3 . Grammosciadium haussknechtii is distinctly different with the linear oblong leaf segments. Grammosciadium platycarpum , Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. bilgilii and one population of Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. pterocarpum (B.Bani 6966) have lanceolate primary segments. The others do have ovate-lanceolate to orbicular leaf shapes. Stipular segments which are shown in Figure 4 are quite similar each other except stipular segments of Grammosciadium platycarpum which are long pedicellate. As shown in Figure 5 , the fruits are ordered from narrowly winged to broadly winged one. The width of fruit wings is very highly variable character. It is impossible to distinguish Grammosciadium schischkinii with wider fruit wings which was previously used as diagnostic character. This species has clearly similar fruits with fruits of subsp. pterocarpum . Grammosciadium haussknechtii , Grammosciadium platycarpum and Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. bilgilii and subsp. sivasicum have relatively narrow winged fruits than the fruits of subsp. pterocarpum . Figure 4 present the fruit anatomical structure of all taxa in the section Stenodiptera . Grammosciadium platycarpum and Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. sivasicum share similar character of presence of two funicular oil ducts in transverse section of mericarps (Figure 6 ).

Figures

Figure 3. Primer segments of basal leaves in the section Stenodiptera. A-M Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. pterocarpum (A B. Bani 6966 D B. Bani 6825 E B. Bani 6820 F B. Bani 6997 G B. Bani 6999 H B. Bani 6994 I B. Bani 6931 J B. Bani 6977 K B. Bani 6976 L B. Bani 6932 M B. Bani 6926) B subsp. bilgilii (B. Bani 6983) C subsp. sivasicum (B. Bani 6985) N Grammosciadium haussknechtii (B. Bani 6903) O Grammosciadium platycarpum (B. Bani 6810). Scale bar represents 5 mm.

Figure 4. Stipular segments of lower leaf sheaths in the section Stenodiptera. A-M Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. pterocarpum (A B. Bani 6969 B B. Bani 6932 D B. Bani 6966 E B. Bani 6825 F B. Bani 6820 G B. Bani 6977 H B. Bani 6994 J B. Bani 6912 K B. Bani 6926 L B. Bani 6931 M B. Bani 6997) C subsp. bilgilii (B. Bani 6983) I subsp. sivasicum (B. B. 6985) N Grammosciadium haussknechtii (B. Bani 6903), O: Grammosciadium platycarpum (B. Bani 6810). Scale bar represents 5 mm.

Figure 5. Fruit variations in the section Stenodiptera members. A Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. bilgilii (B. Bani 6983) B Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. sivasicum (B. Bani 6985) C-M subsp. pterocarpum (C B. Bani 6969 D B. Bani 6926 E B. Bani 6932 F B. Bani 6999 G B. Bani 6994 H B. Bani 6977 I B. Bani 6885 K B. Bani 6931 L Type of Grammosciadium schischkinii M B. Bani 6872) N Grammosciadium platycarpum (B. Bani 6850) O Grammosciadium haussknechtii (B. Bani 6903).

Figure 6. Transvers section of mericarps. A Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. sivasicum (B. Bani 6985) B Grammosciadium haussknechtii (B. Bani 6903) C Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. bilgilii (B. Bani 6983) D Grammosciadium platycarpum (B. Bani 6810) E Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. pterocarpum (B. Bani 6932). cm-vt: commissural vittae. dr-vb: dorsal vascular bundle. dr-vt: dorsal vittae. end: endepidermis. ens: endosperm. fn: funiculus. fn-vt: funicular vittae. int: integument. pt: pterenchyma. vl-vb: vallecular vascular bundle. vl-vt: vallecular vittae.