Goniopteris seidleri Salino, 2016

Salino, Alexandre, Leroy, Carolina Jesus, Moura, Luiza Costa & Moura, Ingridy Oliveira, 2016, Four new species of the fern genus Goniopteris C. Presl (Thelypteridaceae) from Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Phytotaxa 255 (3), pp. 249-258 : 249-251

1. Goniopteris seidleri Salino , sp.nov. ( Fig. 1 )

Goniopteris seidleri is most similar to Goniopteris lugubris (Mettenius 1858: 378) Brade (1972: 216) and Goniopteris montana ( Salino 2002: 334) Salino & T.E. Almeida (2015: 40) , but differs from both in having erect rhizomes forming a caudex to 16 cm tall, costal scales absent, basal acroscopic segments of pinnae reduced, basal basiscopic segments enlarged and usually overlapping the rachises, and abaxial laminar surfacees between the veins glabrous.

Type:— BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Itarana, Alto Jatiboca, propriedade de Frederico Seidler, 20°00’51.0”S, 40°54’42.6”W, 816 m, 27 July 2009, A. Salino 14538, M. Megale & A. J. Arruda (holotype BHCB, isotype UC).

Plants terrestrial. Rhizomes erect, caudex to 16 cm long x 2.3–3.5 cm wide, scales lanceolate, castaneous, 2.2–4.3 mm long, with furcate and stellate hairs 0.10–0.18 mm long. Fronds 149–196 cm long, monomorphic; petioles sulcate adaxially, 70–111 cm long, 4.0– 5.7 mm diam., slightly scaly at base, scales like those of rhizomes and slightly pubescent to glabrescent with a mixture of acicular, furcate, and stellate hairs 0.18–0.24 mm long. Laminae (66–) 81– 90 cm long, triangular to oblong, papyraceous, verrucose, 1-pinnate-pinnatifid with a confluent, pinnatifid apex, rarely with apex subconform. Buds usually present in axils of distal pinnae; rachises pubescent to pilose with a mixture of hyaline acicular hairs 0.25–0.55 mm and hyaline to castaneous, furcate and stellate hairs 0.09–0.18 mm; pinnae 20–25 pairs, 14–23 x 2.8–3.6 cm, perpendicular to ascending, the proximal pair usually deflexed, lanceolate, incised 2/3 to 3/4 their width, sessile to short-stalked to 2.7 mm, apex acute to short-acuminate, base truncate or oblique in the proximal pinnae; costae, costules, and veins adaxially with scattered acicular hairs 0.27–0.45 mm long, laminar surface glabrous or with scattered acicular hairs mainly near the margins; costae, costules, and veins abaxially with a mixture of two sizes of acicular hairs, these 0.08–0.20 mm and 0.50–0.55 mm, also with furcate and stellate hairs 0.08–0.2 mm, laminar surface glabrous; segments 7–9 mm wide, entire, acute apically, proximal pinnae with basal acroscopic segments reduced and basal basiscopic segments enlarged; veins 10–19 pairs per segment, unbranched or bifurcate, the basal vein pairs from adjacent segments usually connivent at the sinuses, sometimes united just below the sinuses or rarely ending below the sinuses, distal vein of each pair arising from costa. Sori round, medial to inframedial; indusia conspicuous, round or round-reniform, castaneous, entire, margin pilose with acicular and furcate hairs; sporangia each with an acicular hair.

Distribution and habitat:— Goniopteris seidleri is known from montane regions of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro states, where it grows in rainforests, usually along the streams, at 660–1100 m.

Etymology:—The epithet refers to the surname of the owner of some preserved forests at the type locality of this species. The Seidler family have protected forests in a mountain region in the state of Espírito Santo, and they are also very receptive to the botanists interested in the regional flora.

Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — BRAZIL: Espírito Santo: Itarana, Alto Jatiboca, Fazenda do Frederico Seidler, Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, 665 m, 20 o 00’49”S, 40 o 54’27”, 26 January 2003, A. Salino 8333,

F.A. Carvalho, J.A. Lombardi & R.C. Mota (BHCB); ibidem, 683 m, 20 ° 00’47.6”S, 40 ° 54’23.3”W, 19 November 2015, A. Salino 16080, I. O. Moura & L. C. Moura. Rio de Janeiro: Santa Maria Madalena, Parque Estadual do Desengano, Serra do Rifa , 25 November 1977, J. P. P. Carauta 2804 & B. C. de Souza ( BHCB, RB) .

Notes:— Goniopteris seidleri is most similar to Goniopteris lugubris (mainly in southern, southeastern, and central Brazil) and Goniopteris montana (endemic to southeastern Brazil) but differs from both by having erect rhizomes forming a caudex to 16 cm tall, no costal scales, pinnae with reduced basal acroscopic segments and enlarged basal basiscopic segments usually overlapping the rachises, and abaxially glabrous laminar surface between the veins. Goniopteris lugubris and G. montana have short-to long-creeping rhizomes, costal scales present, basal basiscopic segments of pinnae not overlapping the rachises, and abaxial laminar surface between the veins pilose with simple ( G. lugubris ) or stellate ( G. montana ) Hairs. Sometimes, G. montana has rhizomes decumbent to erect, but never forming a caudex.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Goniopteris seidleri. A. Distal portion of frond. B. Detail of rachis indument. C. Basal portion of median pinna showing basal segments overlapping the rachis. D. Abaxial side of segments showing venation.All from Salino 8333 (BHCB).