Encyclia viridiflora Hooker (1828

Bastos, Cláudia A., Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C. & Berg, Cássio Van Den, 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Encyclia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Epidendreae), Phytotaxa 342 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

37. Encyclia viridiflora Hooker (1828 : t. 2831). Type :― BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: no locality, February 1828, no collector (holotype: K 583894 !) ( Figs. 23 , 26L ) .

Heterotypic synonym:

Encyclia marxiana Campacci (2003: 12) . Type:― BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Caraí, Caraí− Teófilo Otoni , 500–800 m, June 2001, Marx s.n. (holotype: SP 363185 !).

Epiphytic herbs, 24.0 cm tall. Pseudobulbs conical, 7.0 × 1.2 cm. Leaves 2, oblanceolate to linear, 18.5−20.8 × 0.6−0.8 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence a densely 25–30-flowered, compound raceme; peduncle 9.5−10.1 cm long; rachis 15.0−22.0 cm long. Floral pedicel 1.1 × 0.1 cm, warty; sepals brownish yellow, dorsal lanceolate, 1.1 × 0.3 cm, laterals falcate, 1.0 × 0.4 cm, pendent, margin entire, apex acute; petals brownish yellow, cymbiform, 1.0 × 0.3 cm, pendent, margin entire, apex mucronate; lip claw absent, lateral lobes not distinct from midlobe, 0.3 × 0.4 cm, white with pinkish markings, campanulate, margin undulate, apex obtuse, callus cymbiform, acute; column falcate, 0.5 × 0.3 cm, clinandrium apex tridentate, lateral teeth triangular, apex acute, arms of the column rounded, inconspicous, apex obtuse; stigma cymbiform, with hooks at the base; anther 1, black.

Distribution and habitat:— Endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais ( Fig. 22 ).

Phenology:— Flowering October–March.

Etymology:— From the Latin viridis, green and flos, flower, a reference to the green flowers of this species.

Taxonomic notes:— Encyclia was described by William Hooker in 1828 based on E. viridiflora , which would have been collected in Rio de Janeiro. Besides the type, there were no records of E. viridiflora until the description of E. marxiana , later synonymised under E. viridiflora (Bastos et al. 2015) . Among the main distinctive characters of this species, we point out absence of distinct lateral lobes.

Selected specimens examined: BRAZIL. No locality, from cultivated material, 1 March 2011, Bastos 324 ( HUEFS); 11 October 2011, Bastos 329 ( HUEFS) .

Figures

FIGURE 22. Distribution in of for E. viridiflora, E. xerophytica and E. yauaperyensis.

FIGURE 23. A−I. Encyclia viridiflora. A. Inflorescence (Bastos 329). B. Flower pedicel. C. Dorsal sepal. D. Lateral sepal. E. Petal. F. Lip. G. Column front view. H. Column side view (Bastos 324). I. Variation in the lip (s. leg. K 583894). J−P. Encyclia xerophytica. J. Dorsal sepal. K. Lateral sepal. L. Petal. M. Lip. N. Detail of lip callus. O. Column front view. P. Column side view (Meneguzzo 474). Q−W. Encyclia yauaperyensis. Q. Dorsal sepal. R. Lateral sepal. S. Petal. T. Lip. U. Detail of lip callus. V. Column front view. W. Column side view (Stern s.n. HB177). Illustration by Carla de Lima.

FIGURE 26. A. Encyclia oncidioides. B. Encyclia osmantha. C. Encyclia patens. D. Encyclia patens var. serroniana. E. Encyclia pauciflora. F. Encyclia randii. G. Encyclia replicata. H. Encyclia seidelii. I. Encyclia spiritusanctensis. J. Encyclia thienii. K. Encyclia unaensis. L. Encyclia viridiflora. M. Encyclia xerophytica. (Photographers:A−C, E−M: C. van den Berg. D: A. Peres Júnior).