Dilar montanus Yan

Zhang, Wei, Liu, Xingyue, Aspöck, Horst & Aspöck, Ulrike, 2015, Revision of Chinese Dilaridae (Insecta: Neuroptera) (Part III): Species of the genus Dilar Rambur from the southern part of mainland China, Zootaxa 3974 (4), pp. 451-494 : 484-485

Dilar montanus Yan g

( Figs. 16 , 88–93 )

Dilar montanus Yang, 1992: 441 . Type locality: China (Sichuan: Xiangcheng).

Dilar wangi Yang, 1992: 441 . Type locality: China (Yunnan: Zhongdian). syn. nov.

Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the almost entirely dark forewings and the male tenth gonocoxite, which is slenderly elongate, angulately curved anteriorly, submedially with a subtriangular lobe connecting to ninth gonocoxite.

Description. Male. Body length 4.0– 5.3 mm; forewing length 6.7–8.0 mm, hindwing length 5.5–6.9 mm.

Head dark brown, with pale yellow setose tubercles. Compound eyes blackish brown. Antenna with ca. 27 segments, dark brown, pedicel with brown annular stripes, flagellum unipectinate on most flagellomeres, medial branches much longer than those on both ends, longest branch nearly 3.0 times as long as relevant flagellomere, but branch of 1st flagellomere short and dentate, distal seven flagellomeres simple.

Prothorax brown, pronotum dark brown, with anterior margin and posterolateral corners yellow, medially with a pair of ovoid markings; mesothorax yellowish brown, mesonotum dark brown on anterior and lateral margins; metanotum yellowish brown, slight darker on lateral margins. Legs dark brown, femora blackish brown at tip. Wings dark smoky brown, with numerous broad dark markings. Forewing ~2.1 times as long as wide, densely spotted, with most markings expanded and fused with each other, almost covering whole wings, immaculate area distal to median nygmata not obvious; two nygmata present on proximal and median portion of forewing. Hindwing ~2.0 times as long as wide, pale brown; one nygma present at middle. Veins brown. Forewing with trichosors present along wing margin between R and CuP; costal crossveins simple, but occasionally forked; Sc just touching R in pterostigmatic region, terminally leaving several weak veinlets; Rs with four main branches. Hindwing with trichosors present along wing margin between R and CuA; Rs with four main branches.

Abdomen yellowish brown, pregenital segments dorsally dark brown. Ninth tergite in dorsal view with an arcuate anterior incision, a nearly V-shaped posterior incision, leaving a pair of broad hemitergites, which are obtuse distally and densely haired ( Fig. 88 ); in lateral view broad ( Fig. 90 ), with straight ventral margin and arcuate posterior margin. Ninth sternite much shorter than ninth tergite, arcuately convex posteriad. Ectoproct in dorsal view with a pair of curved unguiform projections at tip, posteroventrally with a pair of bifid unguiform projections and a pair of feebly sclerotized, digitiform projections. Ninth gonocoxite ( Fig. 88 ) inflated on proximal half, slenderly elongate, with tip slightly inflated and unguiform; tenth gonocoxite slenderly elongate, slightly shorter than ninth gonocoxite, angulately curved anteriorly, with spinous tip, submedially with a subtriangular lobe connecting to ninth gonocoxite; gonarcus slendely beam-shaped, laterally connecting to bases of ninth gonocoxites. Hypandrium internum nearly trapezoidal, with lateral margins slightly arcuate.

Female. Body length 5.9–7.0 mm; forewing length 10.8–12.4 mm, hindwing length 9.0–11.0 mm.

Seventh sternite in lateral view subtrapezoidal, in ventral view subtrapezoidal, with nearly truncate posterior margin. Eighth abdominal segment ventrally without subgenitale. Ninth tergite in lateral view narrow, nearly rectangular, directed posteroventrad. Bursa copulatrix with colleterial gland tubular and elongate, slightly sinuate; basal part of bursa copulatrix sac-like in lateral view, subtrapezoidal in ventral view, with a membranous anterior incision; bursal accessory gland not observed. Ectoproct small, ovoid.

Materials examined. Holotype ♂, CHINA: Sichuan Province, Xiangcheng, Zhongrewu [29°06′N, 99°43′E], 3500–3800 m, 5.VII.1982, Shuyong Wang ( CAU). 1♂ [holotype of D. wangi ], CHINA: Yunnan Province, Zhongdian, Wengshui [28°21′N, 99°43′E], 3000 m, 10.VII.1982, Shuyong Wang ( CAU); 4♂, CHINA: Yunnan Province, Ninglang, Luguhu [27°69′N, 100°75′E], 2708 m, 17.VII.2009, Hongliang Shi ( CAU); 1♀, CHINA: Yunnan Province, Ninglang, Luguhu [27°69′N, 100°75′E], 2708 m, 17.VII.2009, Hongliang Shi ( CAU); 1♀, CHINA: Yunnan Province, Lijiang, Gaoshan Botanical Garden [27°00′N, 100°11′E], 3260 m, 18.VI.2009, Hongxiang Han, Chao Yang & Feng Qi ( IZCAS).

Distribution. China (Sichuan, Yunnan).

Remarks. This species appears to be closely related to D. spectabilis Zhang, Liu, H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck by having similar dark wings and the slenderly elongate male tenth gonocoxite, which submedially has a subtriangular lobe connecting to ninth gonocoxite. However, it can be distinguished from D. spectabilis by the male ninth gonocoxite, which is slenderly elongate, with tip inflated and unguiform. In D. spectabilis , the male ninth gonocoxite strongly incurved, with spinous tip not inflated at tip.

Dilar wangi Yang was originally described based on a male from Yunnan and considered to be distinguished from D. montanus by the much smaller and much denser markings on forewings ( Yang 1992). However, after examining the holotype of D. wangi , although the genitalia of this type have been destroyed, but we found that the marking pattern and veins on forewings of this species are very similar to D. montanus . Moreover, the type locality of D. wangi is very close to D. montanus . Therefore, we treat D. wangi as a junior synonym of D. montanus .

Figures

FIGURES 16 – 18. Adults of Dilar spp. 16. D. montanus Yang, male; 17. D. cornutus sp. nov., male holotype; 18. D. lii sp. nov., male holotype. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 88 – 93. Dilar montanus Yang. 88. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 89. Male genitalia, ventral view; 90. Male genitalia, lateral view; 91. Male ectoproct, caudal view. 92. Female genitalia, lateral view; 93. Female genitalia, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.