Didymium leoninum var. effusum G. Lister, J. Bot.

Lado, Carlos & Basanta, Diana Wrigley De, 2018, Typification of the myxomycete taxa described by the Listers and preserved at the Natural History Museum, London (BM), Phytotaxa 341 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

Didymium leoninum var. effusum G. Lister, J. Bot. 71: 220. 1933

= Didymium panniforme J. Matsumoto , in Matsumoto & Deguchi, Hikobia 13(1): 61. 1999

— Lectotypus (designated here): JAPAN. Tochigi Prefecture, Nasu , 37º01’11”N 140º07’15”E, 15 Aug 1932, the Emperor of Japan [Emperor Shôwa, Hirohito] ( BM 4171 !, BM001095140 ) . Syntypus: JAPAN. Tochigi Prefecture, Nasu , 37º01’11”N 140º07’15”E, 12 Aug 1932, the Emperor of Japan [Emperor Shôwa, Hirohito] ( BM s.n.!, Hattori D, BM001247127 + two slides BM s.n.!, BM001095145 , BM001095146 ) .

BM 4171 / Didymium leoninum Berk. & Br. / D/ var. effusum G. Lister (Jour. Bot. Aug. 1933 p.220) / BM001095140 [typewriter] “Plasmodiocarpous form of/ Didymium leoninum Berk & Br. / Plasmodium: Flame scarlet/ or Orange red./ Loc. Nasu, Tochigi prefecture / Coll. August 15, 1932 / Found by the Emperor of Japan ” [sheet label dated 29 APR.1939]. BM s.n. Hattori “D”/ Plasmodiocarpous form/ of Didymium leoninum Berk. & Br. / ? var. effusum G. Lister See Ed 3. P.123./ Plasmodium: Flame scarlet/ or Orange red./ Loc. Nasu, Tochigi prefecture / Coll. August 12, 1932 / N.XLV.188,189/ BM001247127. BM s.n two slides/ H. Hattori/ Didymium / leoninum/ B.& Br./ f. effusum / Nasu.12.8.32/ the Emperor leg./ XLV.188/ BM001095145, BM001095146.

NOTES: G. Lister (1933a: 220) wrote “I have been favoured by receiving from Dr. H. Hattori, head of the Biological

Laboratory of the Imperial Palace Tokyo, Japan, some interesting specimens of Mycetozoa gathered last summer at

Nasu, in the Tochigi prefecture, by the Emperor himself. …” and under the var. effusum (1933: 221) “on dead leaves”.

In BM there are 2 boxes of Didymium leoninum f. effusum collected by the Emperor, one is number BM 4171 collected on August 15, 1932, which we designate as the lectotype as it is in very good condition. The other box has no number but is from August 12, 1932, and with reference to notebook XLV: 188–189 and the other details are the same as the lectotype. There are also two slides Didymium leoninum f. effusum from the second box. In notebook XVV: 187–189

there are comments and illustrations and photographs of both samples. One of the illustrations is exactly like the habit of BM 4171 chosen as the lectotype. In the Japanese herbarium TNS ( TNS –M R1201 , TNS –M R1202 , TNS –M

R1203 , TNS –M R1204 ) there are samples from the same locality and date as the syntype so they could be duplicates .

Matsumoto (see Matsumoto & Deguchi 1999) raised the rank of this variety to species but gave it a different name

Didymium panniforme J. Matsumoto , since D. effusum Link, 1815 , was illegitimate and unavailable for use, as it is a later homonym (ICN, art.53.1).