Chucallis latusigladius Qiao, Jiang & Chen

Jiang, Li-Yun, Chen 1 ,, Jing & Qiao, Ge-Xia, 2011, A new species of Chucallis Tao (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Calaphidinae) from China, ZooKeys 146, pp. 69-81 : 73-79

Chucallis latusigladius Qiao, Jiang & Chen sp. n. Figures 1-42

Locus typicus.

China (Zhejiang, 28.39533°N, 118.84490°E, altitude 450m).

Etymology.

The species is named for the very large, broadsword-shaped marginal processes on abdominal tergite IV. The specific name combines "latus (Latin, =broad, wide)" and "gladius (Latin, =sword)".

Descriptions.

Alate viviparous female: Body oval (Fig. 19), head and thorax pale brown, abdomen dark green in life (Figs. 36-38).

Mounted specimens. Head and thorax pale brown, dorsal spinal processes, marginal processes and seta-bearing processes brown; antennal segment I pale brown, antennal segments II-VI unpigmented; apex of rostrum brown; femora, tibiae and tarsi pale brown; siphunculi, cauda, anal plate and genital plate pale brown; wing veins pale and unbordered, basal and inner margins of pterostigma with dark fuscous forming a conspicuous crescent-shaped mark (Fig. 19); the other parts of specimens pale. Posterior margin of pronotum with short wrinkles; distal 1/3 of antennal segment III and segments IV–VI with sparse imbrications, middle of inner margin of segment I slightly swollen (Figs. 2, 21); distal 1/4 of tibiae with spinules, tarsi with spinulose short imbrications; dorsal spinal and marginal processes with sparse spinules or spinulose short stripes; cauda, anal plate and genital plate with sparse spinulose short stripes. Dorsal setae of body thick and pointed, long or short. Head with 1 pair of cephalic setae, 2 pairs of antennal tubercular setae and 2 pairs of posterior dorsal setae between eyes (Fig. 1); pronotum with 2 pairs of spinal and 1 pair of posterior marginal setae; abdominal tergite I with 1 pair of spinal and 1 pair of marginal setae, each on dorsal processes; tergite VIII with 5 or 6 setae, occasionally 7 or 8, 1 pair of them on dorsal spinal processes. Length of cephalic setae, marginal setae on abdominal tergite I and dorsal setae on tergite VIII 0.038-0.058, 0.029-0.058 and 0.029-0.058, respectively, all 1.50-3.00 times as long as basal width of antennal segment III.

Head. Median front and antennal tubercles un-developed, frontal profile shallow “W” -shaped (Figs. 1, 20). Dorsum of head without any processes. Antennae fine and long (Figs. 2-4, 21, 22), 6-segmented, 0.79-0.88 times as long as body; length in proportion of segments I–VI: 12: 9: 100: 60: 60: 36+47, respectively; processus terminalis 1.16-1.33 times as long as base of the segment. Secondary rhinaria round, with sparse and short ciliated, 4-7 ones distributing on basal 1/3-2/5 of antennal segment III. Antennal setae short and pointed, segments I–VI each with 2 or 3, 2 (occasionally 1), 5-7 (occasionally 3 or 4), 1-3, 1 (occasionally 2), 1+0 setae, respectively; apex of processus terminalis with 4 or 5 short pointed setae; setae of segment V distributing on basal 1/3 of the segment; length of setae on antennal segment III 0.75 times as long as basal width of the segment. Rostrum thick and short, apex reaching anterior margin of mesosternum; ultimate rostral segment stout, wedge-shaped (Figs. 5, 23), 0.89-1.14 times as long as its basal width, 0.72-1.11 times as long as second hind tarsal segment, with 3 pairs of primary and 3 pairs of accessory setae.

Thorax. Dorsum of thorax without any processes. Legs slender. Fore coxae distinctly expanded, mid- and hind coxae normal. Hind femur 0.98-1.09 times as long as antennal segment III, hind tibia 0.50-0.59 times as long as body. Setae on legs short, stiff and pointed, apex of tibiae with 3 peg-shaped setae (Fig. 26), distinct differ from other setae. Length of setae on hind tibia 1.25-1.67 times as long as mid-width of the segment. First tarsal chaetotaxy: 5, 5, 5. Wing veins pale without bordered; forewing with radial sector absent or with basal half indistinct; basal and inner margins of pterostigma thickly marked with brown fuscous (Figs. 11, 19); hind wings with two oblique veins.

Abdomen. Abdominal tergites with developed spinal and marginal processes (Figs. 6, 24). Tergite I: 1 pair of conical spinal processes (Fig. 8), 0.03-0.08 long, 0.57-1.38 times as long as its basal width, 0.75-2.75 times as long as its distal width; apex of each tubercle with 1 thick, long and pointed seta, 0.06-0.14 long, 1.17-2.14 times as long as length of spinal processes; marginal processes not well developed (Figs. 7, 25), 0.019-0.029 long, 0.50 times as long as their basal widths. Tergite II: 1 pair of long conical spinal processes (Fig. 9), 0.096-0.173 long, 0.73-1.64 times as long as their basal widths, 2.50-4.50 times as long as their distal widths; a spinal seta on apex of each spinal tubercle, 0.067-0.086 long, 0.60-0.67 times as long as length of spinal processes; marginal processes conical, 0.029-0.048 long, 0.25-0.50 times as long as their basal widths; marginal setae as long as marginal processes. Tergite III: 1 pair of spinal processes (Fig. 10), which are close to each other at base, 0.019-0.048 long, 0.75-0.80 times as long as their basal widths; a spinal seta on apex of each spinal processus, 0.038-0.086 long, 1.60-3.00 times as long as length of spinal processes; 1 pair of pleural setae not on processes; marginal processes 0.106-0.182 long, 0.59-1.19 times as long as their basal widths; marginal setae 0.029-0.048 long, 0.16-0.30 times as long as marginal processes. Tergite IV: 1 pair of spinal processes, 0.048-0.086 long, 0.71-1.50 times as long as its basal width; spinal setae short and pointed, 0.028-0.048 long, about 0.50 times as long as spinal processes; marginal processes distinctly developed, broadsword-shaped, almost vertical with body in life (Figs. 36-38); 1.69-2.19 times as long as antennal segment V, 3.75-4.73 times as long as their basal widths; each with 1 seta on distal 1/3 of inner margin, 0.019-0.029 long, 1.00-2.00 times as long as basal width of the antennal segment III. Tergite V: 1 pair of spinal processes, 0.010-0.048 long, 0.25-1.67 times as long as their basal widths; spinal setae 0.048 long, 0.20-1.00 times as long as spinal processes; marginal processes 0.048-0.067 long, 0.45-0.78 times as long as their basal widths, marginal setae 0.058-0.077 long, 0.86-1.60 times as long as marginal processes, sometimes with 1 pair of short and pointed pleural setae on small processes. Tergite VI: 1 pair of spinal processes, 0.019-0.029 long, 0.43-0.67 times as long as their basal widths; each with 1 seta at apex, 0.029-0.038 long, 1.00-2.00 times as long as spinal processes. Tergite VII: 1 pair of spinal processes, 0.01-0.019 long, 0.33-0.50 times as long as their basal widths; 1 pair of spinal setae on spinal processes, 0.048-0.058 long, 2.50-3.00 times as long as spinal processes; 1 pair of marginal processes, 0.029-0.048 long, 0.50-0.72 times as long as their basal widths, marginal setae on marginal processes 0.048-0.077 long, 2.50-4.00 times as long as basal width of antennal segment III; 1 pair of pleural setae not on processes. Tergite VIII: 1 pair of spinal processes, 0.010-0.038 long, 0.33-1.00 times as long as their basal widths; pleural and marginal setae not on processes. Siphunculi truncated (Figs. 12, 27), smooth, without flange, 0.68-1.11 times as long as their basal widths, 1.67-2.86 times as long as their distal widths, 1.00-1.43 times as long as cauda; each with 1 long seta at base of siphunculi, length of seta 0.88-1.50 times as long as distal width of siphunculi. Cauda knob-shaped (Figs. 13, 28), 0.70-0.94 times as long as its basal width; with 9-12 long or short setae. Anal plate bilobed (Figs. 14, 29), with 18-23 long or short setae. Genital plate transversely oval (Figs. 15, 30), with 20-32 fine setae. Gonapophyses fused, with 11-15 short pointed setae (Fig. 16).

Embryo(in alate viviparous female). Dorsal setae of body thick, long and capitate at apex, with distinct basal processes (Fig. 17). Setal pattern (Fig. 18): dorsum of head with 2 pairs of anterior and 2 pairs of posterior setae; pro-, meso- and metanotum each with 1 pair of spinal and 1 pair of marginal setae, respectively; abdominal tergites I–VII each with 1 pair of spinal and 1 pair of marginal setae, respectively; spinal setae on tergites III, V and VII slightly displaced pleurally; tergite VIII with 2 spinal setae. Siphunculi visible.

First instar nymph. Body oval, head and thorax yellow green, and abdomen dark green in life (Fig. 39). Mounted specimens pale, with brown dorsal processes (Fig. 31). Body 0.80-1.06 long and 0.50-0.62 wide. Antennae 4-segmented, segment III 0.208-0.213 long, basal diameter of the segment 0.0144-0.0192. Abdominal tergites I–VII each with 1 pair of spinal and 1 pair of marginal processes, respectively; spinal processes on tergites III, V and VII slightly displaced pleurally; tergite VIII with 2 spinal processes. Each processus with one seta, thick, long and capitate at apex, same as setae of embryos. Spinal processes on tergite II 0.017-0.022 long, with setae 0.095-0.110 long; marginal processes on tergite IV 0.05-0.06 long. Siphunculi truncated. Cauda triangle, with blunt round apex. Anal plate semicircle.

Second instar nymph. Body 1.02-1.27 long and 0.75-0.94 wide (Figs. 32, 40). Antennae 5-segmented, segment III 0.20-0.30 long, basal diameter of the segment 0.0144-0.0192. Spinal processes on tergite II 0.018-0.038 long, with setae 0.087 - 0.136 long; marginal processes on tergite IV 0.12-0.16 long. The other characteristics similar to first instar nymph.

Third instar nymph. Body 1.31-1.66 long and 1.11-1.43 wide (Figs. 33, 41). Antennae 6-segmented, segment III 0.21-0.25 long, basal diameter of the segment 0.0192-0.024. Spinal processes on tergite II 0.04-0.05 long, with setae 0.137-0.143 long; marginal processes on tergite IV 0.24-0.31 long. The other characteristics similar to first instar nymph.

Fourth instar nymph. Body 1.72-2.06 long and 1.57-1.86 wide (Figs. 34, 42). Antennae 6-segmented, segment III 0.37-0.40 long, basal diameter of the segment 0.0192-0.024. Spinal processes on tergite II 0.05-0.08 long, with setae 0.14-0.18 long; marginal processes on tergite IV 0.36-0.42 long. The other characteristics similar to first instar nymph.

Specimens examined.

Holotype: alate viviparous female, CHINA: Zhejiang (Suichang County, Jiulongshan Mountain, 28.39533°N, 118.84490°E, altitude 450m), 4 June 2011, No. 26816 –1–1– 1, on Indocalamus tessellatus , coll. J. Chen, Q.H. Liu & X.T. Li. Paratypes: 8 alate viviparous females, 2 first instar, 6 second instar, 4 third instar and 6 fourth instar nymphs, with the same collection data as holotype; 4 alate viviparous females, CHINA: Fujian (Jiangle County, Bailian District, Yujiaping Village, Longqishan Mountain, 26.52045°N, 117.30568°E, altitude 890m), 17 July 2011, on Indocalamus tessellatus , coll. J. Chen, Q.H. Liu & X.T. Li.

Specimen depositories. All the type specimens of the new species and the other specimens examined are deposited in the National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Taxonomic notes.

The new species is similar to the type species Chucallis bambusicola (Takahashi), but differs in colour in life and morphology by the characters given in the key.

Host plant.

Indocalamus tessellatus .

Biology.

It colonizes the underside of the leaves of the host plant (Fig. 35).