Chorosoma macilentum Stål, 1858

Rédei, Dávid, 2018, A review of the species of the tribe Chorosomatini of China (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhopalidae), Zootaxa 4524 (3), pp. 308-328 : 313-315

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4524.3.2

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A2A6540A-7C27-4DCB-9CBD-BC0AD606C562

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5969214

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F7F87BC-FFB1-FFEE-FF47-FA43FD9F69AB

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scientific name

Chorosoma macilentum Stål, 1858
status

 

Chorosoma macilentum Stål, 1858 View in CoL

( Figs. 11–14 View FIGURES 11–14 )

Chorosoma macilentum Stål, 1858: 179 View in CoL . Lectotype ( Göllner-Scheiding 1983: 119, by use of “ Holotypus ”): ♀, Russia, Irkutsk; NHRS.

Chorosoma brevicolle Hsiao, 1964: 253 View in CoL , 260. Holotype: ♂, China, Sinkiang [= Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region], Turpan; NKUM! Synonymized by Martynova (1975: 81) and Nonnaizab (1986: 293) (both suspected). Confirmed subjective synonym.

Chorosoma schillingi (non Schilling, 1829): Kerzhner (1973: 80). Misidentification.

Chorosoma macilentum: Reuter (1900: 280) View in CoL (type material, redescription), Stichel (1961: 722) (catalogue, distribution), Stichel (1962: 202) (catalogue, distribution), Hsiao (1964: 254, 260) (comparison with brevicolle View in CoL ), Josifov (1968: 255) (diagnostic characters, figure), Kiritshenko & Kerzhner (1972: 397) (records, distribution, host plants), Martynova (1975: 80) (in key, figures, distribution, bionomics), Kiritshenko & Kerzhner (1976: 96) (records), Linnavuori (1976: 95) (in key, distribution), Göllner-Scheiding (1983: 119) (catalogue, distribution, bibliography), Nonnaizab (1986: 292) (redescription, figures, host plants, distribution), Liu et al. (1994: 107) (listed, distribution), Liu et al. (1997: 101) (host plants), Nonnaizab (1999: 75) (host plants, distribution), Dolling (2006: 25) (catalogue, distribution), Li et al. (2007: 31) (record), Schwartz et al. (2008: 347) (listed), Vinokurov et al. (2010: 220) (catalogue, distribution).

Chorosoma mgcilentum [incorrect subsequent spelling]: Liu & Nonnaizab (1985: 30) (records).

Chrorosoma [incorrect subsequent spelling] macilentum: Hua (2000: 184) (distribution).

Chorosoma brevicolle: Hsiao (1965a: 61, 63) View in CoL (in key, figure, redescription, records), Martynova (1975: 81) (identity), Hsiao (1977: 268) (redescription, photo, figures, distribution), Li (1981: 97) (listed, distribution), Göllner-Scheiding (1983: 119) (catalogue, distribution, bibliography), Nonnaizab (1986: 293) (status), Ma et al. (1991: 128) (records), Yang et al. (1991: 26) (type material), Wang et al. (1992: 31) (records), Dolling (2006: 24) (catalogue, distribution), Li et al. (2007: 31) (record), Schwartz et al. (2008: 347) (identity).

Chorosoma bervicolle [incorrect subsequent spelling]: Yin (1985: 138) (redescription, habitus, host plants, phenology, economic importance, distribution).

Chorosma [incorrect subsequent spelling] brevicolle: Zhang (1987: 2) (records).

Chrorosoma [incorrect subsequent spelling] brevicola [incorrect subsequent spelling]: Hua (2000: 184) (distribution, host plant).

Type material examined. Chorosoma brevicolle . Holotype : ♂, “<Xinjiang (Ningxi)> \ <Chabucha’er [= Chinese name of Qapqal = Chapchal ]> \ < Chinese Academy of Sciences >” [ch, pr, with pr horizontal line between lines 2 and 3], “< Ma Shijun > 1955 \ < Xia Kailing > \ < Chen Yonglin > [ch] VIII 28 [hw]”, “ Chorosoma [hw] \ brevicolle [hw] \ HSIAO [hw] \ <holotype Hsiao Tsaiyu identified> [ch, pr] 19 [pr]” [red, with pr black frame]; pinned, right hind leg and tibia and tarsus of left middle leg lacking (NKUM) ( Figs. 11–14 View FIGURES 11–14 ). Allotype: ♀, [with a label as the second locality label of the holotype, originally probably with two labels but the first label now lost], [with an allotype label analogous with the holotype label of the holotype] ( NKUM) . Paratypes: [with two locality labels as the holotype], “ PARATYPE [pr] \ Chorosoma [hw] \ brevicolle [hw] \ HSIAO [hw]” [yellow] (1 ♀ NKUM), “Sinan fou \ 4.VIII.16 ” [hw], “ PARATYPE ” [yellow, pr] (1 specimen lacking abdomen, NKUM) .

Additional specimens examined. CHINA. Xinjiang : Kaba (= Habahe) County , Tiereketi Xiang , 13.viii.1975 (1 ♂ 1 ♀ NKUM), same but 14.viii.1975 (6 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ NKUM) , Usu (= Wusu ), 400 m, 25.vi.1957, leg. G. Wang (1 ♀ IZAS) ; Inner Mongolia: Hohhot, Mt. Daqing , 22.ix.1991 (5 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ NKUM) , Abag Banner, Ana [unlocated], 23.vii.1971 (1 ♂ IZAS) , Xilingol League , viii.1974, leg. Z.M. Jiang (3 ♂♂ NKUM) , Xilinhot , 23.vii.1971 (1 ♀ IZAS) , same but 28.vii.1971 (1 ♀ IZAS) , same locality, 26.vii.1971, airport (1 ex. lacking abdomen, IZAS) , Xilingol League, Abahanaer Banner [now Xilinhot], 23.vii.1972 (6 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ IZAS) , East Ujimqin Banner , 18.viii.1971 (1 ♀ IZAS) , same but 19.viii.1971 (4 ♀♀ IZAS) , East Ujimqin Banner , nursery, 23.vii.1972 (1 ♂ IZAS) , West Ujimqin Banner , 1.viii.1971, forest (1 ♀ IZAS) , Harqin Banner, Longshan Xiang , 208 m, 3.viii.2012, leg. W.B. Yi & J. L. Xue (5 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ NKUM) , Arxan (= Aershan ), 13–14.viii.2014, swept, leg. W.T. Yang (1 ♂ NMNS) , Evenk Autonomous Banner , 2.viii. [19]81, leg. [L.Y.] Zheng (5 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ NKUM) , same but leg. [S.Z.] Ren (3 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ NKUM) , Hailar Distr. , 24.vii.1981, leg. [H.G.] Zou (1 ♀ NKUM) , same but leg. L.Y. Zheng (1 ♂ 1 ♀ NKUM) , same but 25.vii.1981, leg. [H.G.] Zou (1 ♀ NKUM) , same but 29.vii.1981, leg. [H.G.] Zou (1 ♂ NKUM) , same but 1.viii.1981, leg. [H.G.] Zou (4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ NKUM) , same but 1.viii.1981, leg. [L.Y.] Zheng (1 ♂ NKUM) , same but 4.viii.1981, leg. [H.G.] Zou (1 ♀ NKUM) ; Hebei: Hebei: Qinglong [Manchu Autonomous County], Zushan Township , 5.viii.2012, leg. W.B. Yi & J. L. Xue (1 ♀ NKUM) ; Shanxi: Houma , 14.ix.1974 (1 ♂ 1 ♀ NKUM) ; Shaanxi: Yanwu , 5.vi.1951, leg. I. Chou (1 ♂ NKUM) .

Discussion. The genus Chorosoma Curtis, 1830 , occurs in the Palaearctic, Nearctic, and Afrotropical Regions. The Palaearctic fauna contains four recognized species ( Josifov 1968, Martynova 1975, Linnavuori 1976), whilst a fifth species, Ch. brevicolle , currently of doubtful identity, was described based on a holotype and an allotype from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, and an unspecified number of paratypes from Xinjiang as well as from Shaanxi and Shanxi Provinces of China ( Hsiao 1964). Based on the original description Martynova (1975) suspected that it was identical with Ch. macilentum , but having had no access to the type material, and also having taken into consideration that other species ( Ch. gracile , Ch. schillingii ) might occurred in the type locality, she did not propose a formal synonymy. Nonnaizab (1986) claimed that based on the genitalia of the male Ch. brevicolle might either be conspecific with or possibly represents a subspecies of Ch. macilentum . Putshkov (1986) listed the species as a questionable junior synonym of Ch. macilentum .

The original description ( Hsiao 1964) and Yang et al. (1991) indicated that the holotype and the allotype were preserved in IZAS, however, they apparently have never been deposited there; currently they are in NKUM and, together with two paratypes, they were re-examined during the present study. Based on the works of Josifov (1968), Martynova (1975), Linnavuori (1976), and Putshkov (1986), and comparison with several non-types from Krasnoyarsk Krai (Minusinsk) and the Amur Region of Russia and from various localities of Mongolia (Central [= Töv] aimag: Bajanzogt [= Bayantsogt], Lun [= Lün]; Chövsgöl [= Khövsgöl] aimag: Mörön, Burenchaan [= Burenkhaan], Tosoncengel [= Tosontsengel]; Bulgan aimag: Chutag [= Khutag]), deposited in the HNHM, it was concluded that the skeletal morphology of the type material of Ch. brevicolle matches Ch. macilentum in all respect. The genitalia also do not differ from those of Ch. macilentum : in ventral view, in situ, the exposed portion of the paramere is elongate, its lateral margin is strongly concave, abruptly angulate near its base ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 11–14 ), in lateral view tips of the paired finger-like lateral processes only slightly surpass the posterior margin of the paired broad, flattened dorsolateral processes (as in Martynova 1975: 81, fig. 6, bottom). On the contrary of the idea of Nonnaizab (1986), I see no reason for maintaining Ch. brevicolle as a subspecies of Ch. macilentum . As a conclusion, the subjective synonymy of the two species, suspected by Martynova (1975), Nonnaizab (1986) and Putshkov (1986), is hereby confirmed.

Distribution. This species is restricted to the temperate grassland, semidesert and desert steppe vegetation of Mongolia and the neighbouring areas of southern Siberia, eastern Kazakhstan, and northern China. A distribution map was presented by Putshkov (1986: 112, fig. 61). In China it occurs in the steppic areas of the Zhungarian Basin, Gansu, and Inner Mongolia; its distribution might be summarized as follows: Xinjiang!; Inner Mongolia: Hohhot!, Abag Banner!, Xilingol League!, East and West Ujumqin Banners!, Harqin Banner!, Evenk Autonomous Banner!, several additional localities ( Nonnaizab 1986); Hebei!; Shanxi!; Shaanxi!; Gansu: several localities ( Zhang 1987, Wang et al. 1992).

Dolling, W. R. (2006) Family Rhopalidae Amyot & Serville, 1843. In: Aukema, B. & Rieger, C. (Eds.), Catalogue of the Heteroptera of the Palaearctic Region. Vol. 5. Pentatomomorpha II. The Netherlands Entomological Society, Amsterdam, pp. 190 - 227.

Gollner-Scheiding, U. (1983) General-Katalog der Familie Rhopalidae (Heteroptera). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 59 (1), 37 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 4830590106

Hsiao, T. Y. (1964) New Coreidae from China (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) III. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 16 (2), 251 - 262. [in Chinese with English summary]

Hsiao, T. Y. (1965 a) A short essay on Chinese Coreidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) III, Pseudophloeinae and Rhopalinae. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nan Kaiensis, 6 (1), 49 - 64. [in Chinese with English summary, August 1965]

Hsiao, T. Y. (1977) Coreidae. In: Hsiao, T. Y., Ren, S. Z., Zheng, L. Y., Jing, H. L. & Liu, S. L. (Eds.), A handbook for the determination of the Chinese Hemiptera-Heteroptera. Vol. I. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 198 - 279 + 304, pls. 33 - 50. [in Chinese with English summary]

Hua, L. Z. (2000) List of Chinese insects. Vol. I. Zhongshan University Press, Guangzhou, 2 + 7 + 448 pp.

Josifov, M. (1968) Eine neue Chorosoma - Art aus Bulgarien (Heteroptera, Rhopalidae). Reichenbachia, 10 (33), 255 - 258.

Kerzhner, I. M. (1973) [Heteroptera of the Tuvinian ASSR.] Trudy Biologicheskogo Instituta Sibirskoe Otdelenie Akademiya Nauk SSR, 16, 78 - 92. [in Russian]

Kiritshenko, A. N. & Kerzhner, I. M. (1972) Land Heteroptera of the Mongolian People's Republic. I. Nasekomye Mongolii, 1 (1), 383 - 428. [in Russian]

Kiritshenko, A. N. & Kerzhner, I. M. (1976) Land Heteroptera of the Mongolian People's Republic. III. Nasekomye Mongolii, 4, 87 - 114. [in Russian]

Li, C. A. (1981) [List of true bugs of Shanxi Province.] Journal of Shanxi University (Natural Science Edition), 1981 (1), 93 - 100, 70. [in Chinese]

Li, C. A., Cao, T. W. & Wang, R. (2007) Hemiptera (Tingidae, Miridae, Lygaeidae and Coreidae) in Shanxi Province. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences, 35 (8), 29 - 32. [in Chinese with English summary]

Linnavuori, R. (1976) Taxonomical studies on African Coreoidea (Heteroptera). Notulae Entomologicae, 56, 89 - 96.

Liu, Q. & Nonnaizab (1985) [Preliminary study on the coreid insects of Inner Mongolia.] Journal of Teacher's University of Inner Mongolia, Natural History Edition, 1985 (2), 27 - 34. [in Chinese]

Liu, Q., Zheng, L. Y. & Nonnaizab (1994) The classification and faunal analyses of Rhopalidae (Hemiptera) in China. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 8 (3), 102 - 115. [in Chinese with English summary]

Liu, Q., Wang, P. P. Xie, X. M., Ma, W. L. & Yang, X. L. (1997) Relationship between Heteroptera and Gramineae from Inner Mongilia [sic]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 11 (1), 98 - 108. [in Chinese with English summary]

Ma, Y., Kang, L., Li, H. C. & Zhang, Z. R. (1991) Catalogue of grassland insects in Nei Mongol. In: Ma, Y., Li, H. C. & Kang, L. (Eds.), The grassland insects of Inner Mongolia. Tianze Endonejo, Yangling, pp. 91 - 275 + 400 - 401. [in Chinese, English abstract]

Martynova, G. P. (1975) Species of the genus Chorosoma Curtis (Heteroptera, Rhopalidae) of the USSR and Mongolia. Nasekomye Mongolii, 3, 79 - 85. [in Russian]

Nonnaizab (1986) Fauna of Inner Mongolia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera). Vol. I. Book 1. Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House, Hohhot, 2 + 2 + 469 pp. [in Chinese with English summary]

Nonnaizab (Ed.) (1999) Insects of Inner Mongolia China. Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House, Hohhot, 12 + 506 pp. [in Chinese, English summary]

Putshkov, V. G. (1986) [True bugs of the family Rhopalidae (Heteroptera) in the fauna of USSR]. In: Opredelitely po faune SSSR. Vol. 146. Nauka, Leningrad, pp. 1 - 338. [in Ukrainian]

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Schilling, P. S. (1829) Hemiptera Heteroptera Silesiae systematice disposuit. Beitrage zur Entomologie, Besonders in Bezug auf die Schlesische Fauna, Breslau, 1, 34 - 92, pls. A & I-VIII.

Schwartz, M. D., Schaefer, C. W. & Lattin, J. D. (2008) The first Chorosoma (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae: Rhopalinae: Chorosomatini) from the New World: Chorosoma josifovi nov. sp. In: Grozeva, S. & Simov, N. (Eds.), Advances in Heteroptera research. Festschrift in honour of 80 th anniversary of Michail Josifov. Pensoft Series Faunistica, 70, pp. 339 - 348.

Stal, C. (1858) Beitrag zur Hemipteren-Fauna Sibiriens und des Russischen Nord-Amerika. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 19, 175 - 198, 1 pl.

Stichel, W. (1961) Liste der Palaarktischen Arten. Pentatomomorpha [part]. In: Stichel, W., (1957 - 1962), Illustrierte Bestimmungstabellen der Wanzen. II. Europa. (Hemiptera-Heteroptera Europae) 4 [part]. Stichel, Berlin-Hermsdorf, pp. 718 - 722. [pinted sheets 45 - 46, pp. 705 - 736, published 24 August 1961]

Stichel, W. (1962) Verzeichnis der palaarktischen Hemiptera-Heteroptera. IV. Pentatomomorpha (Coreoidea-Pentatomoidea). Stichel, Berlin-Hermsdorf, pp. 187 - 362.

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Yang, X. K., Sun, H. G. & Jiang, G. M. (1991) Catalogue of the insect type specimens preserved in the insect collections of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica. Agriculture Publishing House, Beijing, 1 + 2 + 8 + 164 pp. [in Chinese]

Yin, Y. S. (1985) Chorosoma bervicolle [sic]. In: Zhang, S. M. (Ed.), Economic insect fauna of China. Vol. 31. Hemiptera (1). Science Press, Beijing, pp. 138. [in Chinese]

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Gallery Image

FIGURES 11–14. Holotype of Chorosoma longicolle Hsiao, 1964, and its labels. 11, dorsal view; 12, lateral view; 13, apex of abdomen, ventral view; 14, labels. Scales in mm. © NKUM.

NKUM

Nankai University

IZAS

Institut Zoologii Akademii Nauk Ukraini - Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

NMNS

National Museum of Natural Science

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hemiptera

Family

Rhopalidae

Tribe

Chorosomatini

Genus

Chorosoma