Chilecicada mapuchensis, Sanborn & Cole & Stukel & Łukasik & Veloso & Gonzalez & Karkar & Simon, 2021

Sanborn, Allen F., Cole, Jeffrey A., Stukel, Mark, Łukasik, Piotr, Veloso, Claudio, Gonzalez, Valorie A., Karkar, Jessica B. & Simon, Chris, 2021, Thirteen new species of Chilecicada Sanborn, 2014 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadidae: Tibicininae) expand the highly endemic cicada fauna of Chile, Zootaxa 5078 (1), pp. 1-70 : 23-27

Chilecicada mapuchensis n. sp. Sanborn

Fig. 6 (morphology), Plate 1 (live habitus), Plate 5 (distribution)

Chilecicada occidentis (in part) non Walker: 345. Type material. Holotype. “14.CL. RM.PLN.518.2 / -33.4926, -70.5177 / 16.XII.2014 Piotr Lukasik” ♂ ( UCMS). Paratypes. “15.CL.LI.RT1.720 / -34.0617, -71.3773 / 19.XII.2015 C. V., K.N., P.L.” 1♂ ( AFSC); “16.CL.VS. PBA.989 / -33.0468, -71.3229 / 22.I.2016 C. V., P.L.” 1♂ ( MNNC); “16.CL.VS.PBA.986 / -33.0468, -71.3229 / 22.I.2016 C. V., P.L. // Seq.” 1♂ ( UCMS); “16.CL. RM.TCD.997 / -33.0468, -71.3229 / 22.I.2016 C. V., P.L.” 1♂ ( AFSC); “16.CL. RM.TCD.998 / -33.0468, -71.3229 / 22.I.2016 C. V., P.L.” 1♂ ( UCMS); “16.CL.VS.PBA.990 / - 33.0468, -71.3229 / 22.I.2016 C. V., P.L.” 1♂ ( UCMS); “16.CL.VS.LVZ.991 / -33.0468, -71.3229 / 22.I.2016 C. V., P.L.” 1♂ ( MNNC); “16.CL.VS.PBA.987 / -33.0468, -71.3229 / 22.I.2016 C. V., P.L.” 1♀ ( UCMS); “15.CL. RM. LCN.716.2 / -33.8929, -71.4001 / 19.XII.2015 C. V., K.N., P.L.” 1♂ ( UCMS); “15.CL. RM.LCN.716.1 / -33.8929, -71.4001 / 19.XII.2015 C. V., K.N., P.L.” 1♂ ( AFSC); “15.CL. RM.LCN.717 / -33.8929, -71.4001 / 19.XII.2015 C. V., K.N., P.L.” 1♂ ( UCMS); “14.CL. RM.PLN.518.1 / -33.4926, -70.5177 / 16.XII.2014 Piotr Lukasik” 1♀ ( AFSC); “ Sex: Male (15) / Collector: Leonardo Diaz / Date: 12/26/04 / Location Curacacví. RM. / (33°22’32” S. 71°08’23”W. 240 m)” 1♂ ( AFSC); “ Sex: Male (16) / Collector: Leonardo Diaz / Date: 12/26/04 / Location Curacacví. RM. / (33°22’32” S. 71°08’23”W. 240 m) ” 1♂ ( AFSC); “ Sex: Male (07) / Collector: C. Veloso & C. Cecchii / Date: 01/27/10 / Location Farellones. RM. / (33°20’54” S. 70°21’18”W. 1583 m)” 1♂ ( AFSC). The code 14.CL. RM.PLN refers to Peñalolen , Quebrada de Macul, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile and is the type locality for the species, 15.CL.LI.RT1 C. V., K.N., P.L. refers to Side of Ruta 66, Región O’Higgins, Chile collected by Claudio Veloso, Katherine Nazario and Piotr Łukasik. 16.CL.VS.PBA refers to the hill near the exit from Ruta 60, near Peñablanca, Región Valparaíso, Chile collected by Claudio Veloso and Piotr Łukasik. 16.CL.VS.LVZ refers to the side of road F-50, 5.5 km N from the intersection with Ruta 68, 8 km from Lo Vasquez, -33.2255, - 71.4092, Región Valparaíso, Chile collected by Claudio Veloso and Piotr Łukasik. The GPS data on the specimen label are incorrect. 16.CL. RM.TCD refers to Cuesta la Dormida , Tiltil, -33.0730, -70.9639, Región Metropolitana, collected by Claudio Veloso and Piotr Łukasik. The GPS data on the specimen label are incorrect. Finally , 15.CL. RM.LCN refers to the hill near the village of Los Culenes, Región Metropolitana, Chile collected by Claudio Veloso, Katherine Nazario and Piotr Łukasik.

Etymology. The name is a combination of mapuch - and - ensis (L. suffix denoting place) in reference to the distribution of the species over much of the historical territory of the Mapuche civilization where the type series was collected.

Description. Ground color testaceous heavily marked with piceous, greenish costal margin, radius & subcostal vein and basal veins of fore wing. Costal margin, radius & subcostal vein and basal veins of fore wing faded from green to ochraceous due to ethanol exposure in most paratypes. Body covered with silvery pile.

Head. Head slightly wider than mesonotum, dorsal head piceous except ground color supra-antennal plate, anteromedial corner of vertex and medioposterior head with mark extending lateral to posterior cranial depressions, mark reduced to only epicranial suture in some paratypes, mark extending anteriorly into posterior epicranial suture, mark extends anteriorly to surround piceous posterior cranial depression forming a spot on either side of ground color mark in some paratypes, short golden pile and radiating long golden pile on dorsal head, very dense on frons, denser long silvery pile posterior to eye. Ocelli rosaceous, ochraceous in some paratypes, eyes dark castaneous margined proximally with ground color. Gena piceous medially and laterally to eye surrounded by ground color on medial, anterior and posteromedial margins along lorum, lorum ground color with piceous mark along anteromedial and posteromedial margins, castaneous spot in middle in some paratypes, mostly piceous in some paratypes, short white pile and radiating long silvery pile on lorum and gena. Postclypeus ground color with piceous transverse grooves and central sulcus, 12 transverse grooves, dorsum castaneous with piceous posterior margin, long silvery pile radiating from postclypeus, short white pile along lateral margin. Anteclypeus with ground color carina, and medial anterior and posterior margins, piceous laterally with piceous extending towards midline in middle, all but carina and anterior and posterior margins piceous in some paratypes, short fascia on either side of midline in some paratypes where piceous not expanding medially, covered with short white pile and radiating long silvery pile. Mentum ground color with lateral U-shaped castaneous fascia pointing distally, expanding to cover most of mentum in some paratypes, labium piceous, rostrum radiating long silvery pile, reaching to posterior of middle trochanters. Scape ground color, remaining antennal segments piceous.

Thorax. Pronotum ground color, castaneous fascia, piceous in some paratypes, on either side of midline between anterior fissure and pronotal collar, dorsal ambient fissures castaneous, lateral ambient fissures, paramedian and lateral fissures piceous, all fissures piceous in some paratypes, irregular longitudinal mark extending onto disk between paramedian and lateral fissures but not reaching lateral fissure, small piceous spots on disk just posterior to central paramedian fissure and anterior and posterior to middle of lateral fissure, spots expanded or reduced in some paratypes. Pronotal collar ground color with piceous angled fascia from lateral ambient fissure along anterior margin of pronotal collar lateral angle to posterolateral corner of lateral angle, posterolateral mark castaneous in some paratypes. Pronotum with short golden pile in fissures in some paratypes. Mesonotum ground color, submedian sigilla piceous, piceous fused anteromedially, lateral sigilla piceous with slightly mottled posterior region, anchor-shaped castaneous mark on central disk posterior to submedian sigilla, expanding to large rectangular spot or expanding to cover all but ground color margin along submedian sigilla in some paratypes, piceous scutal depressions and between anterior arms of cruciform elevation fusing on midline with posterior of anchor-shaped mark, mark extends along midline of cruciform elevation but not reaching posterior margin, anterior half of lateral cruciform elevation piceous, expanding to spot on anterolateral margin in some paratypes, wing groove ground color with castaneous fasciae anteromedially and anterolaterally. Metanotum ground color with piceous midline and anterolateral, mediolateral and posterolateral fasciae. Dorsum with silvery pile between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, between anterior and posterior arms of cruciform elevation, and long silvery pile in wing groove. Ventral thoracic segments ground color except piceous on basisternum 2, posterior katepisternum 2, medial anepisternum 2, posterior margin of trochantin 2, anterior margin and lateral meron 2, basisternum 3, transverse fascia on posterior episternum 3 and medial margin of trochantin 3, piceous reduced in some paratypes. Ventral segments covered with short white pile and radiating long silvery pile.

Wings. Fore wings and hind wings hyaline with eight and six apical cells respectively, some paratype hind wings with five apical cells, one paratype with four apical cells in one hind wing and five apical cells in the other. Venation greenish proximally, becoming piceous distally, costal margin and radius & subcostal vein greenish separated by piceous fascia, absent in some paratypes, cubitus posterior piceous, posterior of anal vein 2 + 3 piceous in some paratypes. Basal cell about four times longer than broad. Pterostigma present. Basal membrane of fore wing orange mottled with red. Hind wing venation similarly colored except castaneous median vein, anal vein 2 and anal vein 3, castaneous spot on wing base. Basal plaga, anal cell 3 along anal vein 3 to terminal curve, anal cell 2 along anal veins 2 and 3 to terminal curve, proximal anal cell 1, proximal medial cell and proximal costal cell with orange mottled with red, infuscation in anal cell 3 and anal cell 2 bordering orange and red area and base of cubital cell 1, cubital cell 2 and anal cell 1.

Legs. Legs ochraceous, tinged with castaneous in some paratypes, coxae, trochanters and femora striped with piceous, fore tibiae with piceous spot proximally, thickly striped with piceous and transverse piceous mark near distal terminus, middle and hind tibiae with thinner and shorter fascia and incomplete marking distally, tibial spurs and tibial combs castaneous with darker tips, tarsi piceous except ground color ventral and lateral mesotarsus and annular ground color mark on proximal pretarsus just distal to proximal margin, amount of ground color increasing in posterior segments, pretarsal claws piceous with dark ground color base. Fore femora with primary spine angled to femur with distally curved tip, secondary spine almost upright with proximally curved tip, and very small tertiary spine, primary spine piceous, secondary spine ground color, darker in some paratypes, tertiary spine ground color. Proximal segments with short silvery pile, all segments radiating long silvery pile. Male meracanthus ground color with castaneous spot on base, an elongated triangle with mediad curved tip, reaching beyond operculum posterior margin to middle of tympanal cavity. Female meracanthus similarly shaped and colored, reaching to anterior of sternite III.

Opercula. Male opercula ground color with piceous spot on lateral base, lateral margin straight, obtusely angled posterolateral margin, posterior margin straight, obtusely angled posteromedially, medial margin rounded, anteromedial margin obliquely angled to base, not reaching to anterior of sternite II posteriorly, well separated medially barely reaching lateral base of meracanthus, covered with short white pile, long silvery pile radiating from operculum margin. Female operculum similarly colored and shaped but only reaching just past half the length of the meracanthus to the middle of sternite II.

Abdomen. Abdominal tergite 1 ground color in holotype, ground color with transverse piceous fascia narrowing laterally, castaneous dorsoposterior castaneous in some paratypes, tergite 2with ground color castaneous spot on dorsal midline and light castaneous transverse dorsal fascia, paratypes generally with ground color anterior dorsolateral margin and posterior margin and transverse piceous fascia connecting to anterodorsal timbal cavity on primarily castaneous tergite with dark castaneous spot on dorsal midline, interior timbal cavity piceous, tergites 3–8 piceous anteriorly bordered posteriorly with castaneous and ground color posterior and lateral margins with dark castaneous spot on dorsal midline, piceous expanded in most paratypes, tergites sparsely covered with short silvery pile, denser in some paratypes, longer pile radiating from lateral tergites 6–8. Timbal cover a thickened rim, timbal completely exposed with 13 long ribs and 11 intercalary ribs. Male sternite I ground color with anterolateral castaneous spot, sternite II with small piceous spots on either side of midline near posterior margin and on posterior auditory capsule, sternites III–VII dark ground color with castaneous lateral spot, sternite III with piceous anterior margin expanding into spot on midline. Epipleurites dark ground color with castaneous spot, spots becoming darker in posterior epipleurites. Sternite VIII ground color with elongated, lateral piceous spots, dorsal margin with curve near base forming an obtuse angle, V-shaped when viewed from posterior. Sternites and epipleurites with short silvery pile and radiating long silvery pile, longer on sternites VII and VIII. Female sternite VII dark ground color with large anterolateral piceous spots, single, deep, V-shaped notch almost reaching anterior margin, posterolateral margin on either side of notch semicircular connecting to straight lateral margin. Female abdominal segment 9 ground color ventrally, piceous dorsoanteriorly, dorsolaterally, laterally on stigma and spots on the middle of the ventral margin, with castaneous spots on dorsoanterior and dorsally between posterior piceous marks, dorsal beak ground color with piceous tip, covered with short silvery pile and radiating long silvery pile ventrally. Dorsal beak not as long as castaneous margined with ground color anal styles. Posterior margin of abdominal segment 9 straight.

Genitalia. Male pygofer ground color with piceous anterior, large dorsolateral spots, dorsolateral spots anterior to posterior margin and a spot on ventral base of distal shoulder, and a castaneous dorsal spot anterior to posterior margin, piceous with ground color margin in some paratypes, distal shoulder undeveloped, smoothly curved, not reaching to anal tube, dorsal beak absent, pygofer with short silvery pile on dorsolateral posterior. Upper pygofer lobe absent, pygofer basal lobes elongated, adpressed to lateral pygofer, flattened, curving dorsally at slightly oblique angle, extending more than half pygofer length, expanding distal to bend to leaf-shaped terminus, apex against lateral pygofer margin. Anal styles piceous with ground color margin on ventral style, radiating short silvery pile, anal tube castaneous with ground color posterior margin. Median uncus lobe ground color with piceous base, lateral piceous fascia becoming castaneous before terminating proximal to terminus, piceous on terminus, elongated, undivided, angled posteriorly from base, distal third curving toward sternite VIII, widening laterally from base before tapering to transverse posterior margin, small ridge on distal dorsal surface midline, ventral surface almost meeting along midline except for small hole near distal terminus for extension of aedeagus, radiating long golden pile. Aedeagus castaneous with darker lateral fascia with a pair of terminal spines extending from ochraceous lateral lobes, basal aedeagus tubular, dark castaneous.

Female gonocoxite IX piceous with ground color ventral margin, gonapophysis IX castaneous, gonapophysis X castaneous with piceous tip. Ovipositor sheath reaching beyond dorsal beak to middle of anal styles. Long golden pile radiating from ovipositor sheath.

Measurements (mm). n= 10♂, 2♀, mean (range). Length of body: ♂ 18.16 (16.35–19.55), ♀ 18.70 (18.10– 19.30); length of fore wing: ♂ 19.64 (18.50–20.75), ♀ 20.68 (20.45–20.90); width of fore wing: ♂ 6.88 (6.35–7.30), ♀ 7.03 (6.80–7.25); length of head: ♂ 3.12 (2.65–3.45), ♀ 3.38 (3.35–3.40); width of head including eyes: ♂ 5.84 (5.35–6.20), ♀ 6.20 (6.10–6.30); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: ♂ 6.20 (5.60–6.65), ♀ 6.73 (6.70–6.75); width of mesonotum: ♂ 5.46 (4.95–5.80), ♀ 5.93 (5.75–6.10).

Song. Unknown.

Diagnosis. This new species can be distinguished by having in combination a body length between 16.35–19.55 mm, fore wing length between 18.50–20.90 mm, fore wing basal cell about 4.00 times longer than broad, a piceous mark along the proximal fore wing basal cell, a piceous fascia separating the fore wing costa and radius + subcostal veins extending to node, a triangular meracanthus, medial opercular margin ground color, posteromedial operculum forming an obtuse angle, abdominal epipleurites with a central spot, and an uncus that is ground color with a piceous base and tip and a distal third of the dorsal side smoothly curving to the terminus.

Distribution. The species is known from the type series collected in multiple localities in the Metropolitan, O’Higgins, and Valparaíso Regions of central Chile.

Figures

PLATE 1. Living habitus of Chilecicada species. A. C. citatatemporaria PARATOPOTYPE, Región de Valparaíso, Provincia de Petorca; B. C. culenesensis PARATOPOTYPE specimen PL714, Región Metropolitana; C. C. impartemporaria PARATYPE, Región de Valparaíso, Provincia de Petorca; D. C. magna HOLOTYPE specimen JM037, Región del Maule; E. C. mapuchensis HOLOTYPE specimen PL518, Región Metropolitana; F. C. occidentis Región Metropolitana, Provincia de Santiago; G. C. oraria PARATOPOTYPE, Región del Maule, Provincia de Cauquenes; H. C. parrajaraorum HOLOTYPE specimen PL722, Región O’Higgins; I. C. partemporaria; J. C. pehuenchesensis PARATYPE specimen PL516, Región Metropolitana; K. C. trifascia HOLOTYPE specimen PL430, Región O’Higgins; L. C. trifasciunca PARATOPOTYPE specimen PL515, Región Metropolitana; M. C. viridicitata PARATOPOTYPE, Región O’Higgins, Provincia de Cochagüa.

PLATE 5. Distribution of Chilecicada from records reported in this work.

FIGURE 6. Chilecicada mapuchensis n. sp.: A, Holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, holotype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm; H–I, 2 mm.