Benthophilus nudus Berg, 1898

Çiçek, Erdoğan, Sungur, Sevil, Fricke, Ronald & Seçer, Burak, 2023, Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Türkiye; an annotated checklist, 2023, Turkish Journal of Zoology 47 (6), pp. 324-468 : 428-430

Benthophilus nudus Berg, 1898 [N] ― Black Sea tadpolegoby/Iribaş kaya balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Benthophilus macrocephalus var. nudus Berg, 1898: 334 [Dniester River at Bendery (Benderi), Moldova; lectotype: ZMMU P-1431]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None .

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish materials: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Black Sea watersheds. ― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara. ― General distribution: Eurasia: north-western Black Sea watersheds. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 423-Thrace. ― Habitat: This species inhabits fresh and slightly brackish waters. Prefers lowland rivers, deltas, and coastal lakes. In rivers, usually abundant in main stream. Usually on silty sand with mollusc shells. Freshwater, brackish.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action. Bubyr caucasicus kosswigii => Knipowitschia caucasica Gobius batrachocephalus => Mesogobius batrachocephalus Gobius caucasicus => Knipowitschia caucasica

Gobius constructor => Ponticola constructor

Gobius cyrius => Ponticola cyrius

Gobius eurycephalus => Ponticola eurycephalus

Gobius fluviatilis => Neogobius fluviatilis

Gobius gymnotrachelus => Babka gymnotrachelus

Gobius longecaudatus => Knipowitschia longecaudata Gobius melanostomus => Neogobius melanostomus

Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758 => not occurring in freshwater (see Çiçek et al., 2020)

Gobius ophiocephalus Pallas, 1814 => not occurring in freshwater (see Çiçek et al., 2020)

Gobius ratan => Ponticola ratan

Gobius ricasolii => Knipowitschia ricasolii

Gobius semilunaris => Proterorhinus semilunaris

Gobius sordidus => Neogobius fluviatilis

Knipowitschia byblisia Ahnelt, 2011 [E] ― Byblis goby/ Kaya balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Knipowitschia byblisia Ahnelt, 2011: 23 , figs. 1-2 [Lake Köycegiz, 36°55′N, 28°40′E, southwest Türkiye; holotype: ZMH 2175 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Ahnelt (2011: 23, figs. 1-2) .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Ahnelt (2011). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Çiçek et al. (2016, 2018, 2020). ― Turkish material: ZMH.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Lake Köyceğiz. ― Distribution in river basins: 8-Batı Akdeniz. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Köyceğiz (Mediterranean tributary), Muğla Province ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 429-Western Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits fresh and slightly brackish waters. Prefers lowland rivers, deltas, and coastal lakes. In rivers, usually abundant in main stream. Usually on silty sand with mollusc shells. Freshwater, brackish.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: LC. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: Situated mostly in a protected area, there seem to be no or very few threats in Lake Köyceğiz affecting this species. ― Moderate sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Stable. ― Moderate priority for conservation action.

Knipowitschia caucasica ( Berg, 1916) [N] ― Caucasian dwarf goby/Kaya balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Pomatoschistus caucasicus Berg, 1916: 409 [Swamp near Batum and Inkit Lake near Pitzunda, Lake Temirgorje, Georgia, Eurasia; syntypes: BMNH 1896.3.28.26-28 (ex Tiflis Mus.) (3)]. ― Synonyms: Gobius caucasicus Kavraiskii in Radde 1899; Bubyr caucasicus kosswigii Sözer, 1941 . ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None.

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004); Geldiay and Balık (2007); Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish materials: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Marmara, Aegean and Black seas watersheds, introduced into Eğirdir Lake.― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-KüçükMenderes, 8-BatıAkdeniz, 9- Antalya, 11-Akarçay, 16- Konya. ― General distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Sea of Azov; Caspian Sea; Aral Sea. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 431-Central Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits fresh to hypersaline waters (salinity up to 5.5‰) of lakes, estuaries, and lagoons. Most abundant in shallow, well-vegetated habitats. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action. Knipowitschia caunosi Ahnelt, 2011 [E] ― Caunos goby/ Kaya balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Knipowitschia caunosi Ahnelt, 2011: 25 , figs. 1, 3 [Lake Köycegiz, 36°55′N, 28°40′E, southwest Türkiye; holotype: ZMH 25904 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Ahnelt (2011: 25, figs. 1, 3) .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Ahnelt (2011). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Çiçek et al. (2016, 2018, 2020). ― Turkish material: ZMH.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: / Lake Köyceğiz. ― Distribution in river basins: 8-Batı Akdeniz. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Köyceğiz (Mediterranean tributary), Muğla Province ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 429-Western Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits fresh and slightly brackish waters. Prefers lowland rivers, deltas, and coastal lakes. In rivers, usually abundant in mainstream. Usually on silty sand with mollusc shells. Freshwater, brackish.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: LC. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: Situated mostly in a protected area, there seem to be no or very few threats in Lake Köyceğiz affecting this species. ― Moderate sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Decreasing. ― Moderate priority for conservation action.

Remarks. Knipowitschia caunosi is cooccurring with Knipowitschia byblisia in the same lake, Köyceğiz Lake. It is probable that K. byblisia is a synonym of K. caunosi . The status of the species should be clarified by field specimens. Knipowitschia ephesi => Knipowitschia ricasolii Knipowitschia longecaudata ( Kessler, 1877) [N] ― Long-tailed dwarf goby/Kaya balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Gobius longecaudatus Kessler, 1877: 35 , Pl. 3 (fig. 8) [Southern and middle Caspian Sea; syntypes: BMNH 1897.7.5.10 (ex ZIN, var. C] (1), ZIN (lost)]. ― Synonyms: Gobius longicaudatus Kessler, 1877 ; Knipowitschia longicaudata ( Kessler, 1877) ; Knipowitschia georghievi Pinchuk 1978 . ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None.

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru (2004) as Pomatoschistus longecaudatus ; Geldiay and Balık (2007); Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish materials: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Black Sea watersheds. ― Distribution in river basins: 2-Marmara, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Eurasia: Black Sea, Sea of Azov, and Caspian Sea basins. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 430-Northern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits fresh to hypersaline waters (salinity up to 5.5‰) of lakes, estuaries, and lagoons. Most abundant in shallow, well-vegetated habitats. Freshwater, brackish.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action.