Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. & Zucc., 1824

Castello, Ana Carolina Devides, Pereira, Andreza Stephanie De Souza, Shimizu, Gustavo Hiroaki, Zuntini, Alexandre Rizzo, Simões, André Olmos & Koch, Ingrid, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae), Phytotaxa 571 (3), pp. 239-277 : 262-263

Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart. & Zucc. in Flora 7(1, Beil. 4): 136. 1824.

≡ Aspidosperma pyrifolium var. pyrifolium . ≡ Macaglia pyrifolia (Mart.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 416. 1891.

Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Piauí: Prope Oeiras et Alibi , s.d., C.F.P. von Martius s.n. ( M [M barcode M-0184040 ]; isolectotypes: M [barcode M-0184037 image!, barcode M-0184038 image!, barcode M-0184039 image!, barcode M-0184044 image!], W). Excluded: M [barcode M-0184041 image!] .

= Aspidosperma martii Silva Manso in Mart. in Flora 21(2, Beibl. 4): 83. 1838. ≡ Macaglia martii (Silva Manso) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 2: 416. 1891. Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Cuiabá, in Morro do Ernesto , Aug 1833, A.L.P. Silva Manso 136 [Herb. Mart. Fl. Bras. No. 485] (BR [barcode 0000006960001 image!]; isolectotypes: BR [barcode 0000006960339 image!], G [barcode G00169343 image!, barcode G00169344 image!], K [barcode K000587648 image!], L [barcode L0004434 image!], M [barcode M-0183482 image!], NY [barcode 00297987 image!], P [barcode P00639554 image!]).

= Aspidosperma molle Mart. in Flora 21(2, Beibl. 4): 82. 1838. ≡ Aspidosperma pyrifolium var. molle (Mart.) Müll.Arg. in Mart. & auct. suc., Fl. Bras. 6(1): 54. 1860. Lectotype (designated here): — BRAZIL. Bahia: s.d., C.F.P. von Martius s.n. (M [barcode M-0184043 image!]; isolectotype: M [barcode M-0184042 image!]).

= Aspidosperma populifolium A.DC., Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 8: 397. 1844. ≡ Macaglia populifolia (A.DC.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 416. 1891. Holotype:— BRAZIL. Piauí: Sep 1839, G. Gardner 2664 [Herb. Boissier] (G [barcode G00169345 image!]; isotypes: F [[fragment] barcode F0092476F image!, [fragment] barcode F0092477F image!], G [barcode G00169346 image!], K [barcode K000587644 image!, barcode K000587645 image!], NY [barcode 00023374 image!, barcode 00023395 image!, barcode 00297986 image!], P [barcode P00639555 image!, barcode P00639556 image!, barcode P00639557 image!], US [barcode 00111812 image!], W [No. 1889-0111526 image!]).

= Aspidosperma guaraniticum Malme in Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 24(3/10): 7. 1899. Lectotype (first-step lectotype designated by Woodson in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 38(2): 146. 1951; second-step lectotype designated here):— PARAGUAY. [Concepción]: Colonia Risso, pr. Río Apa , 28 Sep 1893, G.O.A. Malme 1006 (S [No. S04-1754 image!]; isolectotypes: G [barcode G00108724 image!], LD [barcode 1954322], R, RB [fragment] [barcode 00535042!], S [No. S12-16359 image!], US [barcode 00111798 image!]). B†, F negative No. 4414 image!.

“ Aspidosperma guarantiacum ” Malme , orth. var.

Notes —The diagnosis of A. pyrifolium presented in “ Flora ” by Martius & Zuccarini (1824) was based on a single collection made by Martius himself, though the indication of the original material (Martius s.n.) was only made later by Martius (1824) in “ Nova Genera et Species Plantarum ”. Since this name was published without a holotype, we selected a specimen with the best-preserved inflorescences from the original material as the lectotype of A. pyrifolium (M barcode M-0184040) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Lastly, after analyzing the isolectotypes of A. pyrifolium , we observed that one specimen belongs to A. multiflorum A.DC. (M barcode M-0184041), so we are excluding it from the collection of A. pyrifolium .

Martius (1838) cited the gathering “Silva Manso” (Silva Manso 136) (“ Herb. Mart. Fl. Bras. No. 485 ”) in the protologue of A. martii but did not cite in which herbarium the type would be deposited. Since there are several sheets of Silva Manso 136, we selected as the lectotype the specimen with the most informative label (BR barcode 0000006960001) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Martius (1838) did the same for A. molle , and from the gathering Martius s.n., we selected the best-preserved specimen as the lectotype (M barcode M-0184043) (ICN article 9.3; Turland et al. 2018). Regarding A. guaraniticum, Malme (1899) mentioned two gatherings in its protologue, of which Woodson (1951) cited Malme 1006 as the type without indicating the herbarium. Thus, we chose as the secondstep lectotype a material with the most informative label (S No. S04-1754).

In the protologue of A. populifolium, de Candolle (1844) indicated a specimen of Gardner 2664 from the personal herbarium of Boissier as the type (“ v. in h. Boiss. ”). Since only one sheet of this gathering possesses the “Herbier Boissier” label, we consider it as the holotype of A. populifolium . Finally, according to Gardner’s “Catalogue of Brazilian Plants” ( Hind 2012), the collection of A. populifolium was made in 1839. The only herbarium sheet with the correct collection date is the one from the herbarium K (K barcode K000587645).