Revision of the New World Panthea Hübner (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) with descriptions of 5 new species and 2 new subspecies Anweiler, Gary G. ZooKeys 2009 2009-05-12 9 9 97 134 Hubner 1820 [452,558,850,877] Insecta Pantheidae Panthea Animalia Lepidoptera 3 100 Arthropoda genus    1 Antenna bipectinate (male)......................................................................... 2  – Antenna simple (female) ( Note:female of  P. reductaunknown) ............... 12   2 Hindwing black except fringe, scales tiny, hair-like exposing membrane, appearing glassy (label can be read through wing); Caribbean: Hispaniola ( Fig. 3)..........................................................................................  P. reducta  – Hindwing with white scales, or if without white scales dark scales not greatly reduced, wing opaque ................................................................................. 3   3 Small (FW length 14-15 mm); wing pattern blurred or appearing out of focus; uncus obsolete ( Fig. 45); aedeagus without sclerotized cornuti, but armed with patch of many soft fleshy-appearing spines ( Figs. 1, 45) ............. ..................................................................................................  P. apanthea  – Larger (FW length 16 mmor more); wings with lines clear, contrasting; uncus present; aedeagus armed with 1-2 large sclerotized cornuti ( Figs. 46-57)....... 4   4 Terminus of uncus bifurcate ( Fig. 48) ..........................................  P. gigantea  – Terminus of uncus not bifurcate; square, rounded or pointed ( Figs. 46, 47, 49-57) ........................................................................................................ 5   5 Everted vesica long, narrow, 3-5 × long as wide ( Figs. 54-56)...................... 6  – Everted vesica short, bulbous, 1-2 × long as wide ( Figs. 46-53) ................... 8   6 Vesica with large bent or curved terminal cornutus ( Fig. 56); sw USA.......... .........................................................................................................  P. greyi  – Vesica with large straight terminal cornutus ( Figs. 54-55); eastern USAand Canada....................................................................................................... 7   7 Vesica with second smaller cornutus near base of vesica ( Figs. 55, 57), southeastern USA( Fig. 71) ....................................................  P. furcilla australis  – Vesica without second cornutus ( Fig. 54); eastern USAand Canada( Fig. 71) ( Note:specimens from zone where  furcillaand australismeet show intermediate characters) ...............................................................  P. furcilla furcilla   8 Vesica with large curved claw-like basal cornutus and finger-like diverticulum with a small straight terminal cornutus ( Fig. 50).....................  P. virginarius  – Vesica without finger-like diverticulum ( Figs. 46-49) ( Note:some specimens of  virginariusfrom Wyomingand southern Idahomay have a greatly reduced diverticulum with a very small or obsolete spine) ( Fig. 51).......................... 9   9 Vesica with two large, curved, approximately equal-sized cornuti ( Fig. 59) ... ................................................................................................  P. guatemala  – Vesica with two prominent cornuti, one much smaller in size ( Figs. 46; 52- 53)............................................................................................................ 10   10 Vesica with one short curved cornutus and one long, thin, straight or recurved cornutus; clasper simple, not scoop-shaped or forked ( Figs. 52-53) 11  – Vesica with large basal and small terminal cornutus; large scoop-shaped clasper ( Fig. 46) .............................................................................  P. judyae   11 Wings with prominent white areas ( Figs. 36-38); eastern and boreal North America ( Fig. 71)..........................................  P. acronyctoides acronyctoides  – Wings without prominent white areas, or if white area present, confined to small areas of outer edge of FW postmedian line and anal angle of HW ( Figs. 40-43); Rocky Mountains and foothills ( Fig. 71) ........................... ..................................................................................  P. acronyctoides nigra   12 Sterigma vestigial or obsolete ( Fig. 58); sw USA.........................  P. apanthea  – Sterigma well developed ( Figs. 59-68)....................................................... 13   13 Corpus bursae with thick-walled opaque upper and thin-walled translucent lower sections ( Figs. 65-68)....................................................................... 14  – Corpus bursae single, an oval or oblong, thin-walled translucent sac ( Figs. 59-64) ...................................................................................................... 16   14 Ductus bursae narrow, finely folded or “corrugated,” expanding abruptly to corpus bursae ( Figs. 65-67); eastern USAand Canada.............................. 15  – Ductus bursae wider, with large folds, widening gradually and with folds extending onto upper section of corpus bursae ( Fig. 68); sw USA( Fig. 71)...... .........................................................................................................  P. greyi   15 Ductus bursae strap-like, few twists and folds ( Fig. 67); east and se USA( Fig. 71).........................................................................  P. furcilla australis  – Ductus bursae not strap-like, with many finer “corrugated” folds ( Fig. 65); northeastern USAand Canada( Fig. 71) (Note: specimens of ssp. australisand  furcillashow intermediate characters where the ranges meet) ........................ ........................................................................................  P. furcilla furcilla   16 Sterigma massive, heavily sclerotized ( Figs. 58-61).................................... 17  – Sterigma not massive, only moderately sclerotized ( Figs. 62-64) ............... 19   17 Ductus bursae heavily sclerotized to or almost to corpus bursae ( Fig. 61)...... ................................................................................................  P. guatemala  – Ductus bursae with heavily sclerotized part extending no more than half way to corpus bursae ( Figs. 59-60)................................................................... 18   18 Ductus bursae between sterigma and corpus bursae narrow; corpus bursae tear-drop or oval shape ( Fig. 59); FW length less than 25 mm.......  P. judyae  – Ductus bursae below sterigma wide; corpus bursae oblong ( Fig. 60); FW length greater than 25 mm..........................................................  P. gigantea   19 Ductus bursae slightly curved, smooth, with expanded rim at ostium ( Figs. 63-64) ..................................................................................................... 20  – Ductus bursae straight, wrinkled, without expanded rim at ostium ( Fig. 62) ...............................................................................................  P. virginarius   20 Wings with prominent white areas ( Figs. 36-38); eastern and boreal North America ( Fig. 72) .........................................  P. acronyctoides acronyctoides  – Wings without prominent white areas ( Figs. 40-43); Rocky Mountains and foothills ( Fig. 69) ( Note:specimens of  acronyctoidesshow intermediate characters in central Alberta) ...........................................  P. acronyctoides nigra