Hypena ineffectalis Ptyophora ochreistigma Lepidoptera Heterocera New data on the taxonomy, morphology and distribution of Naardaineffectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Hypeninae) Toth, Balazs Nota Lepidopterologica 2018 41 1 99 106 45JBN Walker, 1859 Walker 1859 Insecta Erebidae Naarda CoL Animalia Naarda ineffectalis Lepidoptera 1 100 Arthropoda species ineffectalis   Hypena ineffectalisWalker, 1859 - List of specimens of lepidopterous insects in the Collection of the British Museum 16: 85. Type locality: Ceylon [= Sri Lanka]. Holotype, coll. NHMUK.  Ptyophora ochreistigmaHampson, 1893 - Illustrations of typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocerain the Collection of the British Museum 2: 124. Type locality: Nawalapitya, Ceylon [= Sri Lanka]. Holotype, coll. NHMUK.  Type material examined. Holotype (Figs 1, 13). ♀ (see below): Ceylon; Abdomen missing (coll. NHMUK).  Figures 1-16. 1-12. Adults. 1. Naarda ineffectalis(Walker, 1859) female, holotype (coll. NHMUK). 2. ditto, female, Sri Lanka; slide No. BM 21618♀ (coll. NHMUK). 3. ditto, female, Thailand; slide No. OP1624f (coll. OP). 4. ditto, male, Korea; slide No. TB568m (coll. MU). 5. ditto, female, Japan; slide No. TB1583f (coll. NHMUK). 6. ditto, male, Cambodia; slide No. TB832m (coll. HNHM). 7. ditto, female, Cambodia; slide No. TB827f (coll. HNHM). 8. ditto, male, Borneo, Sarawak (coll. ZMUC). 9. ditto, female, Borneo, Sarawak (coll. ZMUC). 10. ditto, male, Sumatra; slide No. TB421m (coll. MF in ZMUC). 11. N. notata(Hampson, 1891), male, Sri Lanka; slide No. BM 20090♂ (coll. NHMUK). 12. ditto, female, syntype; slide No. BM 21613 (coll. NHMUK). 13-16. Labial palps. 13. N. ineffectalisfemale, holotype (coll. NHMUK). 14. ditto, female, Sumatra (coll. MF in ZMUC). 15. ditto, male, Sumatra (coll. MF in ZMUC). 16. N. notatafemale, syntype, Sri Lanka; slide No. BM 21613♀ (coll. NHMUK). Figures are to scale.  Additional material examined. Sri Lanka. 1 ♀: Colombo, viii.1908. (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: Colombo, 22.ii.1902. (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: Panquelba, i.1904. (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: Haputale, vi.1899 (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: Gampola, viii.1907; Abdomen missing (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♂: Nawalapitya; Ceylon; Coll. Green; 91.-26., slide No. BM Noct. 2812 (holotype of Ptyophora ochreistigma) (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀ (Figs 2, 14): Haldumulla; xii.1909; ex. Coll. G.C. Alston; Joicey Bequest. Brit. Mus. 1934-120; slide No. RL7689♀ = BM Noct. 21618♀ (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: Coll. Green; 29-26; Abdomen missing (coll. NHMUK), 4 ♀: Maskeliya; January; ex. Coll. G.C. Alston.; Joicey Bequest. Brit. Mus. 1934-120, slide No. BM Noct. 2944 (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: data as previous specimen, but October (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: data as previous specimen, but March (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: data as previous specimen, but April (coll. NHMUK), 1 ♀: Negombo; 1973.iii.23.; leg. HuettlerB.; slide No. RL10784f (coll. HNHM).  Thailand. 1 ♀ (Fig. 3): N. Thailand, Mae Hong Son prov., Pai, 19°21.50'N, 98°26.81'E, ~500 m a.s.l., at light, 15-24.xii.2010., leg. K. Tomkovich; slide No. OP1624f (coll. OP). Cambodia. 2 ♂, 1 ♀: Mondolkiri prov.; Seima Biodiversity Conservation Area, road Seima-O'Rang; 12°12.02'N, 107°01.98'E, 300 m; No. 117, 30.i.2006, at light; leg. G. Csorba & G. Ronkay; slide Nos TB793m, TB794f, TB813m (coll. HNHM), 2 ♂, 5 ♀: Mondolkiri prov.; Seima Biodiversity Conservation Area, road Seima-O'Rang; 12°15.73'N, 107°03.82'E, 360 m; No. 88, 27-29.i.2006, at light; leg. G. Csorba & G. Ronkay; slide Nos TB827f (Fig. 7), TB830f, TB831f, TB832m (Fig. 6) (coll. HNHM). Japan. 1 ♀ (Fig. 5): Mifune; prov. Higo; Kyushu; 20.x.1855; A.E. Wileman; 1378; "Gnaephila"[sic, hand-written]; Wileman Coll. B.M. 1929-261; NHMUK 010914474; slide No. TB1583f (coll. NHMUK). Korea. 1 ♂ (Fig. 4): JN: Muan, Sangma-ri; 8.vi.2006. Sei-Woong Choi; 34°55'N, 126°25'E, 55 m; slide No. TB568m (coll. MU). Sumatra. 3 ♂: North Sumatra, Pematang Siantar, 460 m. 10-14.ii.2002. leg. M. Fibiger & K. Larsen; slide Nos TB412m, TB413m, TB421m (Figs 10, 15) (coll. MF, currently in ZMUC), 1 ♂: North-Sumatra, Hutu Padang (Asahan), River Silau, 48 km SE P. Siantar, Near Sialangoman, 220 m, 13.ii.2002. leg. M. Fibiger & K. Larsen; slide No. TB416m (coll. MF, currently in ZMUC), 1 ♀: North-Sumatra; H.W. II., 28 km S. P. Siantar; Near Tigadoluk, 1050 m; 2°45.87'N, 99°58.33'E; 4.iii.2002., leg. K. Larsen & M. Fibiger; slide No. TB649f (coll. MF, currently in ZMUC), 1 ♀: West-Sumatra, Bukittinggi, 980 m, 00°15.50'S, 100°21.22'E, 19-23.ii.2002., leg. M. Fibiger & K. Larsen; slide No. TB414f (coll. HNHM), 1 ♀: West-Sumatra, Batang Palupuh, 880 m, 7 km N. Bukittinggi, 00°14.57'S, 100°09.22'E, 21.ii.2002. leg. M. Fibiger & K. Larsen; slide No. TB681f (coll. MF, currently in ZMUC), 1 ♀: West-Sumatra, Penjabungan Tonga, 00°48.63'N, 99°34.12'E, 200 m, 18.ii.2002. leg. M. Fibiger & K. Larsen; slide No. TB418f (coll. MF, currently in ZMUC). Borneo. 1 ♂, 1 ♀: Sarawak, Semongok; 12 mi. S Kuching; 26.iv.1974; at light, A. Earnshaw; slide Nos TB425m, TB544f (coll. ZMUC), 1 ♂ (Fig. 8): data as previous specimens, but 12.viii.1974 (coll. ZMUC), 2 ♂: data as previous specimen, but 24.x.1974; slide Nos TB539m, TB545m (coll. HNHM), 3 ♀: data as previous specimens, but 25.x.1974; slide Nos TB538f, TB546f (coll. ZMUC), 1 ♂: data as previous specimens, but 1.xii.1974; slide No. TB543m (coll. ZMUC), 1 ♀: data as previous specimens, but 6.xii.1974 (coll. ZMUC), 2 ♀ (Fig. 9): data as previous specimen, but 24.xii.1974; slide No. TB683f (coll. ZMUC), 1 ♀: data as previous specimens, but 1.i.1975 (coll. ZMUC).  Taxonomic comments.  Holloway (2008)synonymised N. ochreistigma(Hampson, 1893) and N. ineffectalison the basis of a topotypic male specimen from the latter taxon having the same genitalia as those of the N. ochreistigmaholotype. Examination of the head structure of the N. ineffectalisholotype specimen (Figs 1, 13) led me to the striking conclusion that it was, in contrast to Hampson (1893), actually a female. Additionally, the characters of the antenna and labial palps match well with those of N. ochreistigmafemales. These results support Holloway'ssynonymisation. Unfortunately the genitalia of the holotype specimen of N. ineffectaliscannot be studied because its abdomen is missing.  Naarda ineffectalisdiffers from N. notatain its shape of labial palps, overall size, ground colour and pattern of wings as well as in the genitalia of both sexes (Figs 1-20). These differences are detailed below, in the Diagnosis. I consider Naarda notata(Hampson, 1891), corroborating Holloway (2008), as a distinct species; stat. rev.  Description of the female. Wingspan 12-15 mm, length of forewing 6-8 mm. Antenna typical of females in the genus: filiform and sparsely ciliate, with two setae on each segment as long as the diameter of the flagellum, cilia half as long as diameter of the flagellum. Labial palps four times longerthan diameter of eye (longer than in male, see Figs 13-15); 3rd segment conspicuous, 2nd segment broad, domed. Scale-hood of vertex broad-based and long. Forewing brownish grey in colour; subterminal and postmedial lines parallel, slightly sinuous, the subterminal easily fading during ageing, the latter relatively broad; reniform stigma quite small, angular, elongated, pale yellow with two black dots inside, lower dot is larger than the upper one; orbicular rounded, as yellow as reniform. Hindwing slightly paler than forewing except for the area between vein Cu2 and dorsum being as dark as forewing; transverse lines like those of forewing but postmedial line often more conspicuous. Pattern of wings slightly less conspicuous in females than in males. Female genitalia (Fig. 19). Corpus bursae ovoid, its anterior half densely covered by tiny grains, posterior half slightly wrinkled in longitudinal direction. Near the mouth of ductus bursae a broad and long, helical cervix arises. Ductus bursae smooth, broad, relatively short, nearly entirely covered by the triangular colliculum. Sternum A7 very narrow, sinus absent. Apophyses anteriores as long as apophyses posteriores; ovipositor lobes angular.  Diagnosis.  Naarda ineffectalisexternally resembles several sympatric congeners, including N. huettleri Toth& Ronkay, 2015 and N. imitata Toth& Ronkay, 2015 and tends to become worn, so that dissection of genitalia is usually needed for proper identification. Characteristic features of the male genitalia (Fig. 17) are as follows: uncus with double tips, juxta large and scobinate, saccus long, valva short, triangular, aedeagus stout, cornutus very large, vesica longitudinally wrinkled betweencornutus and carina. The female genitalia of N. ineffectaliscan be distinguished from those of all other Naardaspecies by presence of the large, helical cervix.  Figures 17-20. 17-18. Male genitalia. 17. N. ineffectalis, aedeagus below: TB412m, clasping apparatus: TB416m (coll. MF in ZMUC). 18. N. notata, aedeagus below; slide No. BM 20090♂ (coll. NHMUK). 19-20. Female genitalia. 19. N. ineffectalis; slide No. TB414f (coll. HNHM). 20. N. notata, syntype; slide No. BM 21613♀ (coll. NHMUK). Scale bar: 1 mm. Figures are to scale. Compared to N. notatathe former species has shorter and dorsally more convex labial palps; the wingspan of N. ineffectalisis only two-thirds of N. notata; the ground colour of the wings is darker, greyer, especially in the basal field; on the forewing the reniform stigma is narrower and lighter, and the transverse lines are less prominent than those of N. notataand N. ineffectalislacks the blackish patch laterally from the reniform stigma, which is present in the other species. The hindwing of N. ineffectalisis only slightly lighter than the forewing while in N. notatathe hindwing is much lighter than the forewing, and the ground colour becomes white towards the costa. In the male genitalia, the uncus of N. ineffectalisis slightly bifurcate, but that of N. notatais simple; the juxta is larger, the valva is much broader and shorter and the cornutus of aedeagus is much larger in N. ineffectalisthan in N. notata. The corpus bursae in the female genitalia of N. ineffectalisis bigger in proportion to the whole genitalia, the cervix is much longer and the ductus bursae is shorter than those of N. notata.  Distribution. From Sri Lanka to Sumatra and Borneo (Sarawak and Brunei: Holloway 2008). On the Asian mainland in Cambodia and Thailand, with isolated, unusually northern, records from Japan and Korea (Fig. 21). As both latter specimens were collected near large ports, accidental introduction by transport cannot be excluded.  Figure 21. Distribution of N. ineffectalis. Previous records marked with dots, new records with diamonds. New for the faunas of Cambodia, Thailand, Japan, Korea and Sumatra (thus for entire Asian mainland and also for the Palaearctic Region).  Key to the Naardaspecies of Korea and main islands of Japan     N. maculifera   N. hallasana   N. ineffectalis