Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957 Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957 Xylosciara (Xylosciara) heptacantha Tuomikoski, 1957 Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957 Protoxylosciara Tuomikoski, 1960 Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957 X. heptacantha Xylosciara heptacantha X. acanthaformis Mohrig & Mamaev, 1983 X. heptacantha ( Hippa & Vilkamaa, 2004 ) New Records Of Sciarid Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) From Ukraine. Iii Babytskiy, A. I. Bezsmertna, O. O. Zoodiversity 2021 55 6 493 504 4P24Q (Frey, 1948) Frey 1948 [166,629,1487,1514] Insecta Sciaridae Pseudolycoriella Animalia Diptera 6 499 Arthropoda species paludum  M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d. Ukraine, Ternopil Region: between Luchka and Volia, “Zapust” tract, 49.40572° N, 25.61362° E, ca. 340 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, wet ravine overgrown by hornbeam, sweeping on the edge of ravine, 03.07.2015, 1 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 50); Ukraine, Volyn Region: outskirts of Klubochyn, Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park, 50.96483° N, 25.77776° E, ca. 215 ma. s. l., hornbeam forest with admixture of birch, sweeping, 27.06.2017, 1 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 196, UkrBIN-795893); Ukraine, Volyn Region: outskirts of Klubochyn, Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park, 50.96447° N, 25.77727° E, ca. 215 ma. s. l., hornbeam forest with admixture of  Betula pendulaRoth.and three trees of  Betula obscuraА. Kotula, sweeping, 27.06.2017, 5 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 197, 199, 203-4, UkrBIN-795894, 795896, 795900-01); Ukraine, Volyn Region: outskirts of Klubochyn, Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park, 50.96522° N, 25.77657° E, ca. 215 ma. s. l., hornbeam-birch forest with overgrowth of  Vinca minorL., sweeping, 27.06.2017, 2 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 205, UkrBIN-795902); Ukraine, Volyn Region: outskirts of Klubochyn, Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park, 50.96230° N, 25.83071° E, ca. 205 ma. s. l., hornbeam-oak forest, sweeping, 27.06.2017, 2 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 208, 214, UkrBIN-795904, 795910); Ukraine, Volyn Region: outskirts of Sokyrychi, Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park, 50.87516° N, 25.51393° E, ca. 210 ma. s. l., hornbeam forest with admixture of pines and old larches, sweeping, 28.06.2017, 5 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 221-2, 226, UkrBIN-795917-8, 795923); Ukraine, Volyn Region: between Berestiane and Kholonevychi, Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park, “Piilo” tract, 50.99890° N, 25.93088° E, ca. 175 ma. s. l., hornbeam forest with admixture of aspen, sweeping, 28.06.2017, 8 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 227-8, UkrBIN-795924-5); Ukraine, Volyn Region: outskirts of Turiisk, 51.06977° N, 24.54502° E, ca. 180 ma. s. l., broadleaved hornbeam forest with admixture of ash, larch and oak, sweeping, 05.07.2017, 2 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 301-2); Ukraine, Kyiv Region: KyivCity, Holosiivskyi National Nature Park, 50.37381° N, 30.50764° E, ca. 160 ma. s. l., broadleaved maple-hornbeam forest, sweeping above the rotten trunk, 15.06.2017, 31 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 322-332, 334-344, 346-354); Ukraine, Kyiv Region: KyivCity, Holosiivskyi National Nature Park, 50.37384° N, 30.50781° E, ca. 170 ma. s. l., broadleaved maple-hornbeam forest, sweeping above grass, 15.06.2017, 29 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 356-384); Ukraine, Kyiv Region: KyivCity, Holosiivskyi National Nature Park, 50.37382°N, 30.50782°E, ca. 170 ma. s. l., broadleaved maple-hornbeam forest, sweeping above rotten birch trunk and nearest grass, 15.06.2017, 15 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 385-399); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Luchka, “Zapust” tract, 49.40420° N, 25.61105° E, ca. 325 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, western edge of the tract, sweeping above the litter and rotten woods, 18.06.2018, 3 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 566-7, 569); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Luchka, “Zapust” tract, 49.40447° N, 25.61140° E, ca. 330 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, sweeping above the litter, 18.06.2018, 1 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 571); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Luchka, “Zapust” tract, 49.40451° N, 25.61254° E, ca. 340 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, sweeping above the litter without grass, 18.06.2018, 5 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 581-2, 588, 592, 597); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Strusiv, near “Zorepad” camp, 49.33839° N, 25.63538° E, ca. 355 ma. s. l., hornbeam forest, sweeping, 19.06.2018, 3 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 612-3, 616); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Strusiv, near “Zorepad” camp, 49.33638° N, 25.63387° E, ca. 370 ma. s. l., hornbeam-oak forest, sweeping above litter and rotten trunks and stumps overgrown by mosses, 19.06.2018, 7 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 623, 625-6, 628-31); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Luchka, “Zapust” tract, 49.40443° N, 25.61215° E, ca. 335 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, sweeping, 27.06.2018, 1 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 688); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Luchka, “Zapust” tract, 49.40638° N, 25.61746° E, ca. 350 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, wet ravine–old channel of spring, sweeping above thick vegetation of  Aegopodium podagrariaL., 27.06.2018, 2 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 690-1); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Druzhba, 49.34654° N, 25.66220° E, ca. 370 ma. s. l., hornbeam forest with admixture of birch and merry, sweeping, 28.06.2018, 3 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 695, 697-8); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Strusiv, 49.34376° N, 25.62999° E, ca. 410 ma. s. l., hornbeam-oak forest, sweeping along forest road, 30.06.2018, 3 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 701, 710, 725); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Strusiv, 49.33495° N, 25.63931° E, ca. 380 ma. s. l., young birch-hornbeamoak forest, sweeping, 30.06.2018, 2 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 741, 744); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Volia, “Hrabyna” tract, 49.38887° N, 25.62857° E, ca. 375 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, sweeping, 02.07.2018, 14 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 750-6, 758-61, 764, 767, 769); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Volia, “Hrabyna” tract, 49.38776° N, 25.62919° E, ca. 360 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, southern edge of the tract, sweeping on ecotone, 02.07.2018, 13 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 772-3, 776, 779-84, 786-90); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Volia, “Hrabyna” tract, 49.38776° N, 25.62919° E, ca. 360 ma. s. l., light and wet northern edge of the oakhornbeam forest dominated by hornbeam and pine and admixture of  Acer platanoidesL., sweeping above thick vegetation, 02.07.2018, 1 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 792); Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Volia, “Zapust” tract, 49.40038° N, 25.62152° E, ca. 350 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest, sweeping along forest road on the edge of the tract, 02.07.2018, 6 Ơ (A. Babytskiy) (No. 794, 800, 803-4, 817, 820).  Figs 14–18.  Pseudolycoriella paludum, male: 14— hypopygium, ventral view; 15— gonostylus, medial view; 16— anterior apex of fore tibia (t 1) with tibial organ, lateral view; 17— maxillary palp, lateral view; 18— fourth flagellomere, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm. Distribution: Czech Republic, Finland, France( Corsica), Germany, Greece(mainland), Norway, Romania, Russia(North European part), Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine( new record); United Kingdom( Heller & Menzel, 2017; Kolcsár & Heller, 2019; Menzel et al., 2020; this study). Diagnosis. Dark brown species. Head. Compound eyes long haired. Eye bridge consists of 2–3 rows of ommatidia. Clypeus with 3–4 short setae. Maxillary palps darkened, consist of three palpomeres, all of them are about the same length, only p 2is slightly shorter — about twice as long as thick. Basal palpomere without sensory pit and with 2–3 setae ( fig. 17). Scape and pedicel of antenna (also sometimes the basal part of the 1 stflagellomere) yellow, contrasting in color with the remaining flagellomeres. Flagellum slim, 1.3 mmin length; the 4 thflagellomere 2.5 times as long as wide, with a neck 1/ 5of the body length ( fig. 18). Thoraxdark brown. Notum weakly sclerotized, covered with sparce short setae. Scutellum with 2 longer setae and 3 shorter setae on both sides. Wingbrownish with dark veins, 1.8 mmin length, 0.7 mmin width, 2.6–2.8 times as long as wide; c = 2/ 3w; R/R 1= 1.5; R 1with 4–6 macrotrichia, falls into C opposite the end of CuA 2and well before the base of stM; R 5barely curved, ventrally bare, ends a little before the end of M 2; x = y, both bare; stM longer than M 1, easily recognizable in the specimen; M-fork quite broad, 2.7 times as long as wide in the middle; M 1sharply bent, so the whole fork appears to be bent down and the cell above it is greatly expanded apically; stCuA 1long — as long or almost as long as x; CuA 1and CuA 2curved. Haltere dark with a light stem and about 8 dorsal short setae. Legsweak, brownishyellow; coxae not shortened, brownish. Tibial organ t 1with irregular row of bristles with curved margin at apex ( fig. 16). Hindleg = 0.63 mm; hindtibia = 0.86 mm; hindmetatarsus = 0.37 mm; hindtarsus = 0.75 mm. Hypopigium. Ventral base of genitalia without central basal lobe, only with scattered setae. Gonocoxae well developed, longer than gonostyles, covered with long and thin setae ( fig. 14). Gonostyles narrow and attenuated, apex widely rounded with dense, fur-like setae and apical whiplash seta. Apex of gonostyles with only spines among dense bristles, without tooth ( fig. 15). Apex of tegmen widely rounded, without finger-like central process ( Tuomikoski, 1960; Menzel & Mohrig, 2000).   PseudolycoriellaMenzel & Mohrig, 1998includes about 30 species in the Palaearctic, divided into 3 groups – the  P. bruckiiGroup, the  P. morenaeGroup and the  P. horribilisGroup ( Menzel & Mohrig, 2000). A specific characteristic of the genus  Pseudolycoriellais the presence of a whiplash seta on the gonostylus, but in contrast to  Lycoriella, the whiplash seta of  Pseudolycoriellais usually located apically and directed downward.  Pseudolycoriella paludumbelongs to the richest  P. bruckiiGroup and differs from related species by having yellow basal antennal segments — scapus, pedicel and sometimes part of the 1 stflagellomere. M o r p h o l o g i c a l n o t e. The body length of studied male imagoes reach 2.2–2.3 mm, wing is 1.8–2.3 mmlong and 0.8–0.9 mmwide; x and y both bare or y with 1–3 macrotrichia. Biometric indexes of studied specimens: width/length of wing = 0.39–0.45; stM/M-fork = 0.86–0.99; R 1/R = 0.45–0.72; x/y = 0.82–1.63; stCuA/x = 0.63–1.03; c/w = 0.63–0.70. Length of spur/width of tibia: leg 1 = 1.02–1.43, leg 2 = 1.17–1.52; leg 3 = 0.90–1.44. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: leg 1 = 0.45–0.58, leg 2 = 0.40–0.52, leg 3 = 0.40–0.51. Length of tibia 3/length of thorax is 1.08–1.43.  Genus  Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957  Subgenus  Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957 s. str.   Xylosciara (Xylosciara) heptacantha Tuomikoski, 1957( figs 19–23) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d.  Ukraine, Kyiv Region: Kyiv City, Holosiivskyi National Nature Park, 50.37199° N, 30.50525° E, ca.  180 ma. s. l., oak-hornbeam forest with admixture of maple, sweeping above rotten trunk,  10.06.2015, 1 Ơ ( A. Babytskiy) ( No.40);  Ukraine, Ternopil Region: outskirts of Stinka, Dniester Canyon National Nature Park, 48.91482° N, 25.23508° E, ca.  200 ma. s. l., left bank of Seret River, coastal beechhornbeam forest, sweeping,  09.08.2016, 1 Ơ ( A. Babytskiy) ( No.74);  Ukraine, Ivano-Frankivsk Region: between Nezvysko and Luka, 48.78303° N, 25.25203° E, ca.  200 ma. s. l., right bank of Seret River, coastal beech forest, sweeping around spring,  10.08.2016, 1 Ơ ( A. Babytskiy) ( No.57).  Distribution: Austria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, Norway, Russia(Southern Siberia; Far East: Kuril Islands), Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine( new record), United Kingdom(Gerbachevskaja- Pavluchenko, 1986; Menzel et al., 2006; Heller, 2011(in part); Komarov, 2011; Heller & Weber, 2013; Heller & Menzel, 2017; Menzel et al., 2020; this study). Diagnosis. Dark brown species. Headcapsule is rounded-ovoid. Maxillary palps short and swollen, yellow, consisting of two palpomeres. Basal palpomere short and club-like, with a field of sensilla and 3 setae ( fig. 21). Antennae brown; flagellomeres with protruding bristles, as long as the flagellomere width; the 4 thflagellomere 2 times as long as wide, neck 1/ 4of the body length ( fig. 22). Thoraxbrown. Katepisternum large, flat and wedge shaped, pointing backwards. Mesonotum and scutellum very flat and attenuated. Abdomenlong and attenuated, accounting for most of the body length. Wing 2.3 mmlong, with a large anal area. M-fork long and curved, approximately the same length as stM. R 1clearly shorter than R, y in some specimens is very short, doesn`t exceed half-length of x; stCuA sometimes indistinct. Haltere light brown, concolorous with abdomen; with long stem. Legsslender and attenuated, paler than body and thorax, brownish-yellow. Spurs short, shorter than tibial width. Tibial organ t 1with sparse bristles, not arranged in a row or patch ( fig. 23). Hypopigiumwider than long, the base of gonocoxae without differentiation or bristle group ( fig. 19). Gonostylus oval, with a whiplash seta and 5–7 strong spines on raised sockets — 4–6 apical and 1 mesial, located clearly far from the other ( fig. 20). Apex of tegmen with short central bridge, genital apodeme short ( Tuomikoski, 1957, 1960; Gerbachevskaja, 1969; Menzel & Mohrig, 2000).    Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957 s. l.is divided into 2 subgenera —  Protoxylosciara Tuomikoski, 1960with only 2 species and  Xylosciara Tuomikoski, 1957 s. str., which includes about 20 mainly xylophilic species in the Palaearctic. From related species,  X. heptacanthacan be distinguished by the large mesial megaseta lying isolated more basally than the other megasetae on the gonostylus.  Xylosciara heptacanthais similar to  X. acanthaformisMohrig & Mamaev, 1983, but the latter species has a more attenuated gonostylus and a larger number of aedeagal teeth on the tegmen — ca. 50, compared with 30 in  X. heptacantha( Hippa & Vilkamaa, 2004). M o r p h o l o g i c a l n o t e. The body length of studied male imagoes reach 1.8–2.0 mm, wing is 1.1–1.4 mmlong and 0.5 mmwide; x and y both bare. Biometric indexes of studied specimens: width/length of wing = 0.37–0.44; stM/M-fork = 0.92–1.10; R 1/R = 0.53–0.68; x/y = 1.12–2.81; stCuA/x = 0.32–0.46; c/w = 0.60–0.72. Length of spur/width of tibia: leg 1 = 0.75–0.99, leg 2 = 0.61–0.86; leg 3 = 0.56–0.90. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: leg 1 = 0.43–0.48, leg 2 = 0.39–0.40, leg 3 = 0.33–0.37. Length of tibia 3/length of thorax is 0.77–0.97.  We consider it our pleasant obligation to express sincere gratitude to our colleagues and friends, who supported our work, among them, Valery Korneyev (I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine) for his ongoing help, scientific guidance and valuable advice, and Frank Menzel (Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany) for his kind help in identification of the specimens. Special thanks are due to Igor S. Kvach, ex-director of the Tsumanska Puscha National Nature Park (Kivertsi, Volyn Region), for his permission and assistance in carrying out expeditions in the park. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. 2015-10-06 A. Babytskiy & No. Ukraine 180 50.37199 Holosiivskyi National Nature Park 1 30.50525 City 9 502 1 Kyiv 2016-09-08 A. Babytskiy & No. Ukraine Stinka 200 48.91482 Seret River 1 25.23508 Dniester Canyon National Nature Park 9 502 1 Ternopil' 2016-10-08 A. Babytskiy & No. Ukraine 200 48.78303 Seret River 1 25.25203 9 502 1 Ivano-Frankivs'k