Penares Gray, 1867
New shallow-water sponges (Porifera) from the Galápagos Islands
Sim-Smith, Carina
Hickman, Cleveland
Kelly, Michelle
Zootaxa
2021
2021-08-02
5012
1
1
71
84K88
Gray, 1867
Gray
1867
[247,518,942,968]
Demospongiae
Geodiidae
Animalia
Tetractinellida
35
36
Porifera
family
Genus Penares Gray, 1867
Diagnosis.Irregularly massive sponges, typically cream, grey, black or yellow in colour. Microspined microxeas and/or microrhabds are arranged more-or-less tangentially at the surface of the sponge, forming a crust. Megascleres are oxeas and short- to medium-shafted dicho-, ortho- or plagiotriaenes that form a layer under or above the cortex, cladomes uppermost. Oxeas are arranged more-or-less radially in the upper choanosome but are usually disorganised below the subectosome. Microscleres are smooth microxeas and/or blunt-ended microrhabds that may or may not be centrotylote; microspined or smooth euasters (oxyasters, tylasters), spherules and spherasters are sometimes present (from Sim-Smith & Kelly 2019).