Westfall, 1987 : 93 Flint et al. (2006 : 73 Garrison et al. (2010 : 379 A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Protoneura (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) Ellenrieder, Natalia Von Garrison, Rosser W. Zootaxa 2017 2017-12-01 4361 1 1 76 4N6G9 Westfall, 1987 Westfall 1987 [151,625,367,394] Insecta Protoneuridae Protoneura Animalia Odonata 34 35 Arthropoda species sanguinipes     Protoneura sanguinipes  Westfall, 1987: 93–97, Figs. 1–4(description of ♂ and ♀, illustrations of ♂ appendages and ♀ mesostigmal plates);— Paulson (2004: 176; listed as range restricted);—  Flint et al.(2006: 73; Dominican Republic);— Westfall & May (2006: 431, 433–435, 439, 440, Figs. 225B, 226F; in key to northern representatives of genus, characterization of adults, illustrations of ♂ S10, ♀ pronotum and mesostigmal plates);— Paulson (2009f; IUCN assessment);—  Garrison et al.(2010: 379, 381, Figs. 2515, 2517; illustrations ♂ S10, ♀ S8–10);— Meurgey (2013: 300, 306; distribution).   Primary types. Holotype ♂. ArroyoBermejo, 4 kmNNE of Hatilloand Autopista Duarte, Distrito Nacional, Distrito Nacional,  10 viii 1983, R.W. Garrisonleg. [ FSCA # 727].    Specimens examined. 19 ♂, 23 ♀: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC:  1 ♂ 1 ♀, A. Busckleg. [ USNM]; Prov. Dajabón:  1 ♂ 2 ♀(  paratypes), Masacre River, Balneario El Salto, Loma de Cabrera{ 19°25' N, 71°36'51'' W,  252 m},  20–23 v 1973, D. & M. Davisleg. [ FSCA]; Distrito Nacional:  1 ♂ 1 ♀, IsabelaRiver, about  2 kmE of Berrio( 18°39'49'' N, 70°9'28'' W),  10 viii 2001, D.E. Perez-Gelabertleg. [ USNM];  8 ♂ 11 ♀  paratypes(8 pairs in tandem), Arroyo Bermejo, 4 kmNNE of Hatillo, Autopista Duarte( 18°36'2'' N, 70°6'16'' W,  90 m),  10 viii 1983, R.W. Garrisonleg. [RWG];  1 ♂1 f #  paratypes(in tandem), same data but [ CSCA];  3 ♂ 3 ♀,  paratypes(in tandem), same data but [ FSCA];  1 ♂ 1 ♀  paratypes(in tandem), same data but [ UMMZ];  1 ♂ 1 ♀,  paratypes(in tandem), same data but [ USNM];  1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but  6 vi 1989, J.J. Daigleleg. [RWG];  1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but [ USNM].  Characterization.Male: Epicranium and dorsum of thorax dark metallic copper with green reflections, dorsum of S1, distal ring on S2–5, and S6–10 black, remainder orange-brown, with a dorsal orange spot on S9 distal half; pale colors reddish orange and yellow ( Fig. 17). Pronotum black with lateral corner of middle lobe orange red. Mesepisternum and mesepimeron dark metallic copper; metepisternum dark with large yellow spot on ventral half; metepimeron pale yellow with anterodorsal corner black. Coxa and trochanter dark with margins orange; remainder of leg entirely reddish orange; legs and venter of thorax pruinose; tibial spurs shorter than twice intervening spaces. Genital ligula lacking lateral lobes, with a triangularly convex distal margin and laterodistal corners of distal segment not projected ventrally ( Fig. 87). Cercus about as long as S10 length and paraproct, longer than wide in lateral view, with a longitudinal split along dorsal portion of external surface, delimiting a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a broad triangular tip directed medioventrally located at about midlength of cercus ( Fig. 113); remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth at ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at mediobasal edge directed medioposteriorly. Paraproct about as long as S10 length, narrowing to half its basal width at distal 1/3, and concave medially ( Fig. 113). TL 37–38.5; Hw 18– 18.5. Female: As male but dark color black with metallic green to copper reflections, pale areas orange or yellow; pronotum black with margins yellow; legs with coxae, trochanters, and base of outer surface of femora yellow, extensor surface of femora dark brown, remainder of legs pale orange; pale lateral area of S9 extended dorsally medially to about 1/2 of segment height ( Fig. 41). Middle lobe of pronotum lacking pronounced lateral depressions; posterior lobe directed dorsally, trilobed with medial lobe entire and smoothly convex ( Fig. 63a). Mesostigmal plate oval with medial margin elevated and with a shallow central concavity; mesanepisterum with oblique carina arising from posteromedial corner of mesostigmal plate and ending midway to middorsal carina ( Fig. 63b). TL 32.5–36; Hw 17.5–21.   Diagnosis.Male cercus morphology, with a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a tooth directed medioventrally and remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth on outer ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at medial ventrobasal edge directed medially ( Figs. 113), is shared with  P. caligata,  P. capillaris,  P. dunkleiand  P. viridis( Figs. 100; 102; 106; 117). Within this group, P.   sanguinipesresembles  P. dunkleiby the medial sclerotized branch of male cercus ending on a broad triangular tip located at about midlength of cercus ( Figs. 106; 113) and by distal margin of genital ligula triangularly convex with laterodistal corners not projected ventrally ( Figs. 80; 87); in  P. caligata,  P. capillaris, and  P. viridisthe medial branch ends on a tooth directed medioventrally located at cercus tip ( Figs. 100; 102; 106; 117), and distal margin of genital ligula is straight with laterodistal corners projected ventrally ( Figs. 74; 76; 93).  Protoneura sanguinipesdiffers from males of all four species by the entirely reddish orange femora, tibiae and tarsi ( Fig. 17), which have various extents of dark colors in the other species ( Figs. 4; 6; 21). Female can be distinguished from all congeners except  P. dunkleiby its trilobed posterior lobe of pronotum directed dorsally and with medial lobe entire and smoothly convex ( Fig. 63a) and by the oval mesostigmal plate ( Fig. 63b). It differs from  P. dunkleiby flexor surface of tibiae pale ( Fig. 41; dark in  P. dunklei, Fig. 34).   Habitat and biology.Females oviposit on sedges near banks while still in tandem with males ( Westfall 1987). Distribution. Dominican Republic( Fig. 119). Assessed as Endangered by IUCN ( Paulson 2009f). 1703062454 1983-08-10 FSCA R. W. Garrison Hatillo 34 35 FSCA # 727 1 1 Arroyo holotype 1703062492 [199,946,766,791] Dominican Republic DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 34 35 42 23 19 1703062467 USNM A. Busck Dominican Republic Dajabon 34 35 2 1 1 Dajabon 1703062480 1973-05-20 1973-05-23 1973-05-20 FSCA de Cabrera & D. & M. Davis Dominican Republic 252 19.416666 Distrito Nacional 925 -71.61417 34 35 3 2 1 Distrito Nacional paratype 1703062495 2001-08-10 USNM D. E. Perez-Gelabert Dominican Republic 18.66361 2 km E of Berrio 21 -70.157776 34 35 2 1 1 Isabela paratype 1703062509 1983-08-10 R. W. Garrison Dominican Republic 90 18.600555 Hatillo 21 -70.10445 Arroyo Bermejo 34 35 19 11 8 Duarte paratype 1703062463 [477,1145,946,971] 1983-08-10 CSCA R. W. Garrison Dominican Republic 90 18.600555 Hatillo 21 -70.10445 Arroyo Bermejo 34 35 1 1 Duarte paratype 1703062456 1983-08-10 FSCA R. W. Garrison Dominican Republic 90 18.600555 Hatillo 21 -70.10445 Arroyo Bermejo 34 35 6 3 3 Duarte paratype 1703062491 [522,1162,982,1007] 1983-08-10 UMMZ R. W. Garrison Dominican Republic 90 18.600555 Hatillo 21 -70.10445 Arroyo Bermejo 34 35 2 1 1 Duarte paratype 1703062485 1983-08-10 USNM R. W. Garrison Dominican Republic 90 18.600555 Hatillo 21 -70.10445 Arroyo Bermejo 34 35 2 1 1 Duarte paratype 1703062473 [530,1169,1018,1043] 1989-06-06 USNM J. J. Daigle Dominican Republic 90 18.600555 Hatillo 21 -70.10445 Arroyo Bermejo 34 35 2 1 1 Duarte paratype 1703062451 1989-06-06 USNM J. J. Daigle Dominican Republic 90 18.600555 Hatillo 21 -70.10445 Arroyo Bermejo 34 35 2 1 1 Duarte paratype