A new species of Passiflora subgenus Passiflora series Quadrangulares (Passifloraceae) from the Brazilian Amazon Koch, Ana Kelly Cardoso, André Luiz De Rezende Ilkiu-Borges, Anna Luiza Phytotaxa 2013 2013-05-29 104 1 43 48 4DYLF A. K. Koch, A. Cardoso & Ilk. A. K. Koch, A. Cardoso & Ilk. [151,818,228,254] Magnoliopsida Passifloraceae Passiflora Plantae Malpighiales 1 44 Tracheophyta species longifilamentosa   Type:—  BRAZIL. Pará: Oriximiná, Saracá-Taquera National Forest, Platô Periquito,  150 m, 1º 37’ 43,6”S, 56º 26’ 04,1”W,  01 January 2011,  J. B. F .   da Silva3516( holotype MG!, isotype RB!).   FIGURE 1.  Passiflora longifilamentosaA.K.Koch, A.Cardoso & Ilk.-Borg. a) Habit; b) Bracts; c) Flower longitudinal section; d) Detail of glands; e) Stipule; f) Fruit. Illustrated by João Silveira (from J.B.F. da Silva 3516, MG).   FIGURE 2.  Passiflora longifilamentosaA.K.Koch, A.Cardoso & Ilk.-Borg. a–b) Flower in nature; c) Detail of corona filaments; c) Fruit in nature; d) Form of fruit; e) Cross section of fruit; f) Detail of pulp of fruit. (Photos by J.B.F. da Silva). Plant a woody vine, glabrous. Stem sharply 3-angular, greenish-brown. Stipules oblanceolate, 1.3–2.5 × 0.2– 0.3 cm, brownish-green, margin entire, glands absent. Petioles sharply 3-angular, 2–2.5 cmlong, greenishbrown, with two pairs of tubicular green glands, less than 1 mmdiam., 1.5–2 cmfrom the petiole base. Leaf blade elliptic to obovate, 13–14 × 6.4–6.6 cm, obtuse at base, margin entire, apex cuspidate, pinnately veined, coriaceous, olive-green in both surfaces, nectaries absent. Tendrils weak to well-developed, greenish-brown. Flowers solitary, from older parts of the plant, pendant, 3–7 cmdiam.; peduncles 3-angular, 2.5–4 cmlong, greenish-brown; pedicels 3-angular, 0.8–1 cmlong; bracts verticillate, ovate to ovate-triangular, 4.3–5 × 2–3.1 cm, greenish, margin entire, glands absent, free from the hypanthium, inserted 0.8–1 cmbelow the flower; hypanthium campanulate, 1–1.5 cmlong, glabrous, whitish-green; sepals oblong-lanceolate to triangular, 2– 4.5 × 1–2 cm, obtuse at base, rounded at apex, adaxial surface whitish-green, abaxial surface greenish-white with purple spots; awn absent; petals oblong-lanceolate to triangular, 2–4 × 0.8–1.2 cm, obtuse at base, rounded at apex, adaxial surface whitish-green with purple spots near the margin, abaxial surface greenishwhite with purple spots; corona with 7 series of filaments, the two outer series linear-hairy, slender, 3–6.5 cmlong, inclined, wavy and matted above the middle, yellowish-green near the base, 11–13 whitish and purple banded, becoming white toward the apex, the third, fourth and fifth series equal, filaments stout, tubicular, less than 1 mmlong, inclined, yellowish-green, the sixth series of filaments stout, filiform, 2 mmlong, declined, greenish-yellow the innermost series exceeding the previous rank, filaments ligulate, slightly flattened, free or sometimes united by a membrane to its half, declined, yellowish-green; operculum membranaceous, declined, 3–5 mmlong, margin entire, yellowish-green; trochlea present, yellowish-green, 0.5–1 cmbeneath ovary, androgynophore 2–3.3 cmlong, yellowish-green; staminal filaments 4–7 mmlong, greenish and slightly mottled with red-purple spots; ovary glabrous, yellowish-green, 6–8 mmlong, 2–3 mmdiam.; styles 6–8 mmlong including the stigmas. Mature fruits ovoid, ca. 12 cmlong, 7 cmdiam., greenishyellow; pulp whitish-orange, sweet; seeds black, 1 × 6 mm, 150–200 seeds per fruit.   Distribution and ecology:—This remarkable new species is known from a reforested area in eastern Amazonian Brazil. The area of collection exhibits lateritic soil, 150–160 melevation, and rainfall of 2300– 2800 mmper year. The species was also collected in lowland tropical rainforest of Saül in French Guianaas  Passiflora christianii Lorrain (2002: 18)( nom. inval., ICN Art. 39.1; McNeill et al.2012), near an active gold mine ( Bouana 2002, Lorrain 2002).  Passiflora longifilamentosamay be found in the original tropical rainforest as scandent vine, blooming only when it reaches the canopy of large trees. The opening of favorable environment provides high luminosity, which promotes the colonization of the new environment by this pioneer species. Besides the type, flowers were observed in two other localities, Platô Aviso (reforested in 2002, 1º 45’ 56,2”S, 56º 28’ 55,7”W), and Platô Papagaio (reforested in 2001, 1º 35’ 59,3”S, 56º 23’ 45,9”W), both in Saracá-Taquera National Forest, Pará; they proved to be populations of the new species.   Etymology:—The epithet refers to the length of the two outer filaments series of the corona.  Aditional specimen examined ( paratype):—  FRENCH GUIANA. Inini: Saüland vicinity, 3° 37’N, 53°12’W,  17 September 1994,  S. A .  Mori, C.  Snyder& R.   Fowler23947( paratype NY!) 2011-01-01 J, B, F Brazil Oriximina 150 -1.6287777 Plato Periquito 1 -56.434475 Saraca-Taquera National Forest 1 44 1 Para [550,1016,401,424] MG, RB da Silva Brazil 1 44 1 Para holotype 1994-09-17 S, A French Guiana 3.6166668 Inini 1307 -53.2 Saul 3 46 1 [567,664,1312,1337] C French Guiana Mori 3 46 1 [675,815,1312,1337] R French Guiana Snyder 3 46 1 [826,1179,1312,1338] NY French Guiana Fowler 3 46 1 paratype