Two new species of Pavonia section Lebretonia subsection Hastifoliae (Malvaceae: Malvoideae) from southern Brazil Grings, Martin Boldrini, Ilsi Iob Phytotaxa 2012 2012-01-01 39 38 46 Grings & Boldrini. Grings & Boldrini. 2012 [151,676,151,180] Magnoliopsida Malvaceae Pavonia Animalia Malvales 6 44 Tracheophyta species exasperata sp. nov.  ( Figure 2& 3 E–I) Affinis Pavoniae friesii, sed ab ea mericarpiis majoribus, apiculatis et 2 aut 3-tuberculiis lateralibus acutis ambobus lateribus nervo medio, foliis basilaribus interdum lobatis differt. Type:— BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: near “Pedra do Segredo”, 26 abr. 2009, M. Grings& P. Brack 659( holotypeICN!, isotypes CTES!, NY!). Subshrubsup to 0.8 mtall; stems covered with stellate trichomes, more dense in younger stems; sometimes with glandular trichomes, more dense in younger stems. Leaf bladessubtriangular, triangular, ovate-triangular or suborbicular, sometimes with basal leaves slightly 3-5 lobed, 1.5– 6.5 × 0.8–3.9 cm, sagittate, hastate or subcordate, apex acute or subobtuse, margin crenate-serrate, ciliate, 5– 7-nerved, adaxial surface with sparse stellate trichomes, with sparse simple trichomes, seldom with sparse glandular trichomes, usually in young leaf blades, abaxial surface hoary stellate, usually with a tuft of setose trichomes in the base; petioles 0.8–3.5 cmlong, indumentum similar to that of the stems and usually with a tuft of setose trichomes in the apex; stipules subulate 2–6 mmlong, with short stellate trichomes and sometimes with setose trichomes in the apex. Flowerssolitary in the leaf axils, peduncle 1.0– 3.6 cmlong, articulated 3–6 mmbeneath the epicalyx, indumentum similar to that of the stems and usually with sparse setose trichomes, more dense in the apex; epicalyx bracts 5, lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, somewhat more narrow in the base, 7–11 × 1–2(–3) mm, stellate-tomentose, sometimes with setose trichomes in the base; calyx 9–10 mmlong, with more dense and larger stellate trichomes on the nerves; corolla white to pale-rose, petals 2.4–3.2 × 2.4–3.0 cm, with wine-red veins and claw; staminal column 7–10 mmlong; free parts of the stamens 2–4 mm; styles (1–) 3–4 mmlonger than the staminal column. Mericarps4–6 × 3–4 mm, sparsely pubescent, apiculate, prominently carinate, median nerve compressed and with rugosities, tuberculate, with two or three acute and prominent tubercles on each side. Seedssmooth with a tuft of trichomes at opposite ends of the hilum.   Distribution:— Brazil, occurring in the Pampa biome ( IBGE 2004) only in Rio Grande do Sul state( Figure 4).  Phenology:—Flowering specimens have been collected from December to May. This species has cleistogamous flowers, observed in the beginning of November, fruiting from November to May.  Habitat:—Forest edges, scrub and rocky grasslands.   Etymology:—From the Latin “ exasperatus”, meaning rugose, but with prominent tips, referring to the lateral acute tubercles of its mericarps.   Additional specimens examined ( paratypes):— BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: Bagé, BR153, near the limit with  Caçapava do Sul, S 30º52'37.3" W 53º36'48.7",  01 November 2009,  M. Grings& C. Buzzato792( ICN), property of Telmo Dias Dutra,  15 January 1992, Girardi-Deiro& Gonçalves825 ( HAS);  Caçapava do Sul, BR 290 Km313,  12 December 2009,  M. Grings& R. Paniz844( ICN),   07 December 1978, A. Krapovickasy C. L. Cristóbal34213( CTES, ICN),  Minas do Camaquá,  06 December 1978, A. Krapovickasy C. L. Cristóbal34196( CTES, ICN),  Guaritas,  12 October 1985,  D. B. Falkenberg2748( FLOR),  Passodos Enforcados, S 30º50'39.2" W 053º36'27.6",  03 November 2010,  M. Grings& P. J. Silva Filho1114( ICN);  Lavras do Sul, Rincão do Inferno, Cabanha Macanudo, S 30º51'38.2" W 53º42'29.7",  06 December 2009,  M. Grings, R. Paniz& R. Both842( ICN), s.l.,  10 April 2008, I. I. Boldrini, R. Trevisan& A. Schneider1498( ICN);  Santana da Boa Vista, Faz. Passo da Chácara,  29 March 1975,  A. Sehnem14597( PACA).   Pavonia exasperatais similar to  P. friesii Krapovickas (1977: 318)and  P. orientalis Krapovickas (1977: 320)due to its similar narrow epicalyx bracts, usually sagittate leaf blades, and white or pale pink petals with basally vinaceous center and veins. However,  P. exasperatadiffers from these species mainly in its larger mericarps with two to three lateral tubercles at each side of the median nerve. In addition, this species may present slightly lobate leaf blades, especially in basal leaves. 3128910312 Bage, BR Brazil Rio Grande do Sul 6 44 2 Rio Grande do Sul paratype 3128910310 2009-11-01 ICN M. Grings & C. Buzzato Brazil -30.877028 Cacapava do Sul 1 -53.613525 6 44 1 Cacapava do Sul 3128910313 [236,1273,1386,1412] 1992-01-15 HAS Girardi-Deiro & Goncalves Brazil Telmo Dias Dutra 6 44 1 3128910319 2009-12-12 ICN M. Grings & R. Paniz Brazil Km 6 44 1 Cacapava do Sul 3128910318 1978-12-07 CTES, ICN Krapovickas & C. L. Cristobal Brazil 6 44 1 3128910305 1978-12-06 CTES, ICN Krapovickas & C. L. Cristobal Brazil Minas do Camaqua 6 44 1 3128910328 [595,1306,1498,1524] 1985-10-12 FLOR D. B. Falkenberg Brazil Guaritas 6 44 1 3128910324 2010-11-03 ICN M. Grings & P. J. Silva Filho Brazil -30.844223 Enforcados 1 -53.607666 Passo 6 44 1 3128910315 2997653238 2009-12-06 ICN M. Grings & R. Paniz & Both Brazil https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/2997653238 -30.860611 Cabanha Macanudo 1 -53.708252 Rincao do Inferno 6 44 1 Lavras do Sul 3128910309 2008-04-10 ICN Boldrini & Trevisan & A. Schneider Brazil 6 44 1 3128910320 [236,1281,1648,1674] 1975-03-29 PACA A. Sehnem Brazil Faz. Passo da Chacara Santana da Boa Vista 6 44 1