Two new species of Hurleyella Runyon & Robinson (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the first record from the Neotropics
Runyon, Justin B.
Zootaxa
2019
2019-03-21
4568
3
548
560
Runyon, 2019
Runyon
2019
[151,360,1172,1198]
Insecta
Dolichopodidae
Hurleyella
GBIF
Animalia
Diptera
4
552
Arthropoda
species
salina
sp. nov.
( Figs 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 15–21) Description. Male.Body length 0.8–1.0 mm; wing 1.0– 1.1 mmx 0.4–0.5 mm(width). Habitus ( Fig. 2). Head( Fig. 6): Relatively broad, slightly longer then wide; face covered with dense silver pruinosity; dorsal half broadly triangular, ventral half very narrow, with sides nearly parallel; frontoclypeal suture rather distinct, separating broader upper face from narrow lower face; ommatidia distinctly enlarged near face. Frons with silver pruinosity except with dark brown pruinosity on and around ocellar triangle. Dorsal postcranium with silver pruinosity. Vertical setae positioned lateral to anterior ocellus and midway between anterior ocellus and margin of eye, subequal in size to ocellar setae (subequal in length to first flagellomere); postocular setae largely absent, but with at most 3–4 very short, white setae. Palpus gray pruinose, small, ovate, with subapical brown to black seta (with strong pale reflections in certain lights) and minute pale hairs. Proboscis dark yellow-brown, sclerotized, shiny, not enlarged; with short white hairs at apex. Antenna wholly black; first flagellomere subtriangular with round apex, slightly longer than wide, with rather long pale hairs; arista-like stylus apical, about as long as height of face. Thorax: Scutum dark brown with sparse gray-silver pruinosity and violet reflections; postpronotum and notopleuron with dense gray-silver pruinosity. Setae of thorax rather short, black; 4–5 dorsocentral setae; acrostichal setae absent; 1 notopleural seta; 1 scutellar seta per side, no additional hairs; 1 postpronotal seta; proepisternum with 1 small white hair. Pleura dark brown with dense gray-silver pruinosity. Legs: Mostly yellow and without major setae. Coxa I yellow, sometimes darkened basally, with very sparse, white anterior hairs, those at apex distinctly longer. Coxa II and III dark brown with dense gray-silver pruinosity on basal half or more, usually yellow at apex. Coxa II without lateral seta; coxa III with minute lateral hair. Femora yellow, without preapical setae. Tibia I, II and III yellow, darkened at extreme apex. Tarsi brown from apex of basal tarsomere. Ratios of tibia:tarsomeres for leg I: 20– 10–6–4–3–3; for leg II: 26– 13–6–4–3–3; for leg III: 3 0–9–8–5–3–3. Wing( Fig. 4): Hyaline, rather broad. R 2+3very short, fused with costa near midpoint of total wing length and slightly closer to termination of R 1than R 4+5. R 4+5nearly straight, very slightly arched toward M 1apically. M 1gradually arched far anteriorly on apical half of wing, lying alongside and nearly parallel to R 4+5on apical third of wing. Length of distal section of vein CuA 1about 3 times longer than crossvein dm-cu. CuA 1slightly arched and fading apically, usually not reaching wing margin. Vein A 1absent. Halter knob bright yellow; stem brownish. Calypter very small, brown, without evident setae. Abdomen: Cylindrical, gradually but only slightly tapered, arched downward on approximately apical half; dark brown with sparse gray-silver pruinosity; tergites with very short, sparse stiff black setae. Hypopygium ( Figs 9, 10) bulbous, borne on broad peduncle formed by segment 7; dark brown to nearly black, shiny, with rather coarse sparse gray pruinosity. Hypopygial foramen at left at very base. Epandrium ventrally divided into two lateral lobes, asymmetrical basally, with base of right lobe projected into abdomen beneath tergite 7, and base of left lobe evenly rounded; each side with single large finger-like epandrial lobe near 1/ 2 bearing one large seta near base and one large seta at apex. Hypandrium nearly symmetrical, hood-like and nearly surrounding phallus, bifurcate apically into right and left lobes; fused basally with epandrium. Surstylus shiny, dark brown, large, complex and loosely attached to epandrium, with many lobes and processes including medial sclerotized hook with rounded spiny lobe at base; 3 large blade-like setae directed medially; without obvious lateroapical membranous flange; phallus rather wide, arched and projected ventrally. Cercus dark brown-gray, elongate oval with narrowed apex in lateral view, covered with small hairs and several longer setae, especially along margin. Hypoproct arising between cerci, hyaline and subquadrate in lateral view. Female.Body length 0.9– 1.2 mm; wing 1.1–1.2 mmx 0.4–0.5 mm(width). Similar to male except: face slightly wider; abdomen dorsoventrally flattened and usually arched ventrally, tergite 6 with short ventral setae along apical margin.
Etymology.The epithet is derived from the Latin salinusmeaning “of salt” and is in reference to the salty and alkali habitats where this species occurs ( Figs 15–20).
Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, labelled: “ MONTANA: Golden Valley Co.| alkali area/ Deadman’s Basin| N46°20.528′; W109°22.937′ | 04July2017, J.B. Runyon” [USNM, type number USNMENT01519228]. PARATYPES: USA: Idaho: Bonneville Co., Fall Creekmineral springs, 43°25.48′N 111°24.86′W, 20.vii.2018, J.B. Runyon( 5 ♂, 1 ♀). Montana:same data as holotype ( 6 ♂, 2 ♀); same data as holotype, except 7.vii.2016( 1 ♀); Jefferson Co., Piedmont Pond, 1325 m, 45°50.634′N 112°06.848′W, 10.vii.2017, J.B. Runyon, sweeping ground with scattered grasses, a little moisture, and a little crusted salt ( 6 ♂, 2 ♀); Carbon Co., Pryor Mountains, Gyp Springs, 1410 m, 45°00.36′N 108°25.801′W, 4–5.vii.2018, J.B. Runyon( 6 ♂, 2 ♀). Wyoming: Lincoln Co., Salt Creek, 2020 m, 42°28.00′N 110°58.07′W, 9.vii.2018, J.B. Runyon( 10 ♂). Paratypespecimens deposited in CNC, MTEC, USNM.
Remarks.Specimens of Hurleyella salina sp. nov.have been collected at five localities, three in Montanaand one each in Idahoand Wyoming( Fig. 21), all with at least some crusted salt and/or other minerals on the soil surface. The typelocality, Deadman’s Basin in central Montana, has large areas of salt ( Fig. 15) and H. salina sp. nov.was found there sweeping nearly bare soil with scattered grasses; most specimens were taken from areas with mud cracks and at least some signs of a little moisture ( Fig. 16). Specimens were collected at the Piedmont Pond site in southwestern Montanafrom similar habitat but with more grasses and less salt on the soil surface ( Fig. 17). The Gyp Springs site in southcentral Montanais part of the Chugwater Formation of red sandstone, and specimens were found on bare soil at the bottom sides of a small canyon where moisture evaporated and left a line of crusted salt ( Fig. 18). In west central Wyoming, H. salina sp. nov.was found sweeping bare, moist areas of side pools along Salt Creek with large amounts of crusted salt on the soil surface ( Fig. 19). Lastly, in southeastern Idaho, adults were found on the dry, crumbling surface of a sloping travertine mound composed of low-magnesian calcite and formed by a cold spring ( Chafetz & Folk 1984; Fig. 20). Hurleyella salina sp. nov.is distinct, in a number of respects, from the other three species of Hurleyella.For example, the head of H. salina sp. nov.is relatively short and broad ( Fig. 6). Several characteristics of the hypopygium ( Figs 9, 10) of H. salina sp. nov.are unlike the other species, including lacking an obvious flange at apex of the surstylus, lacking a strongly sclerotized apical epandrial margin, having a nearly symmetrical hypandrium, and the epandrium almost wholly divided ventrally into left and right lobes.
2013965754
[382,541,218,243]
2017-07-04
USNM
J. B. Runyon
Golden Valley Co.
Deadman's Basin
9
557
1
1
Montana
holotype
2013965745
2018-07-20
J. B. Runyon
United States of America
Bonneville Co.
43.424667
Fall Creek
11
-111.41434
9
557
6
1
5
Idaho
paratype
2013965758
[431,934,326,351]
2017-07-04
USNM
J. B. Runyon
United States of America
Golden Valley Co.
Deadman's Basin
9
557
8
2
6
Montana
paratype
2013965750
2016-07-07
USNM
J. B. Runyon
United States of America
Golden Valley Co.
Deadman's Basin
9
557
1
1
Montana
paratype
2013965747
2017-07-10
J. B. Runyon
United States of America
Jefferson Co.
1325
45.8439
Piedmont Pond
1
-112.114136
9
557
8
2
6
Montana
paratype
2013965756
2018-07-04
2018-07-05
2018-07-04
J. B. Runyon
United States of America
Carbon Co.
1410
45.006
Gyp Springs
9
-108.430016
Pryor Mountains
9
557
8
2
6
Montana
paratype
2013965759
2018-07-09
J. B. Runyon
United States of America
Lincoln Co.
2020
42.466667
Salt Creek
11
-110.967834
9
557
10
10
Wyoming
paratype
2013965746
CNC, MTEC, USNM
United States of America
9
557
1
Wyoming
paratype