A taxonomic revision of the members of the Camponotus lateralis species group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Europe, Asia Minor and Caucasia
Seifert, Bernhard
Soil Organisms
2019
2019-04-01
91
1
7
32
Forel 1892
Forel
1892
[174,690,1162,1186]
Insecta
Formicidae
Camponotus
Animalia
Hymenoptera
16
23
Arthropoda
variety
lateralis
rectus
[unavailable name, junior primary homonym of Camponotus lubbocki rectusForel 1891] There is no material in the MHN Genèveor NHM Basel collection that can be reliably identified as typematerial. Forel gave as sampling sites the Bulgarian Black Sea towns ‘Anchialo’ (today named Pomorje) and ‘Sozopolis’ (today Sozopol) and Forel’s description of the mesosomal shape strongly suggests a synonymy with C. atricolor. This view is supported by the fact that C. atricoloris by far the most abundant of the black species along the western coast of Black Sea. Four investigated workers of topotypical material from Sozopolis in the Forel collection in MHN Genève(possibly typeswhich Forel missed to designate) are allocated to C. atricolorwith a mean posterior probability of p = 0.9975 if run as wild-card in a 5-class LDA considering the five black species given in Tab. 3.
All material examined. A total of 36 nest samples with 77 workerswere subject to NUMOBAT investigation. AUSTRIA: Junger Berg, 1999.06.05[ 47.960, 16.778, 214]; Zurndorf(leg. Franz), pre 1960.xx.xx [ 47.961, 16.991, 159]; Gumpoldskirchen- 2 kmNNE, 1909.06.26[ 48.062, 16.292, 350]; Göttlesbrunn, Oberer Haidenberg, 1966.xx.xx [ 48.080, 16.733, 245]. BULGARIA: Arkutino, 1978.08.01[ 42.351, 27.707, 8]; Burgas- 7 kmS, 2003.09.30, samples No 710, 711, 716, 718 [ 42.451, 27.469, 1]; Chernomorez, 2006.07.30[ 42.450, 27.650, 8]; Melnik, 1982.08.28[ 41.524, 23.401, 470]; Melnik, 1982.08.30[ 41.529, 23.393, 394]; Melnik, 1982.09.01[ 41.524, 23.401, 394]; Nessebar, 1974.06.20[42.66, 27.71, 10]; Nessebar, 1974.07.20[42.66, 27.71, 10]; Ropotamo, 1982.09.18[ 42.302, 27.728, 9]; Rozen- 4 kmN, 1982.08.26[ 41.567, 23.449, 1180]; Sofia: Lülingebirge, 1909.05.xx [42.66, 23.12, 1000]; Sozopol, 1982.09.20[ 42.411, 27.694, 30]; Sozopolis (= Sozopol) (leg. Forel), 1891.08.xx [42.41, 27.69, 30]; Srebarna, 1989.07.14[44.09, 27.06, 35]; Tirnovo, 1920.xx.xx [43.09, 25.66, 325]. CZECHIA: Kurdejov- 1.2 kmNW, 2008.05.10[ 48.966, 16.751, 322]. GEORGIA: Tbilissi-N, 1985.07.21[41.78, 44.77, 600]; Tbilissi, 1985.07.25[41.70, 44.80, 600]. GREECE: Chania: Pilion, 42.41, 27.69, 30]; Holomontas, Stagira, 2009.09.03[ 40.517, 23.733, 539]; MazedonienExpedition, 1917/1918.xx.xx [40.0, 21.0, 500, guess]; Nestos-Delta, 2009.xx.xx [40.85, 24.87, 2]; Paralia Katerini, 2012.08.28/29 [ 40.264, 22.596, 5]. HUNGARY: Balatonakali, 1987.06.xx [ 46.893, 17.523, 160]; Budapest-Ujpest, 1909.xx.xx [ 47.565, 19.092, 110]. ROMANIA: Mehadia, 1909.06.10[44.90, 22.36, 166]. RUSSIA: Rossia Meridionale, pre 1849.xx.xx [46, 40, 70; guess]. UKRAINE: Crimea: Kamenskoje, 2010.09.xx [ 45.279, 35.523, 6]; Krim (= Crimea), 1900.xx.xx [45.18, 34.28, 200; guess]. Geographic range.Steppe zones of Caucasian lowlands, the south of European Russiaand the Ukraine, Balkans, Hungary, E Austriaand S Moravia (here the northernmost confirmed site at 49.0°N). There is a strong range overlap with C. piceuson the Balkans and some overlap with C. candiotesin the Caucasus.
Diagnosis( Tab. 3, see key): Differential characters of C. atricoloragainst other blackish species of the group, which are detectable by subjective eye inspection, are the shallow, sometimes nearly absent, metanotal depression, the roughly linear dorsal mesosomal profile and the missing extension of large scape diameter near to its base. However, due the negative allometry of scape base extension, this structure may be missing in large workers of the other four species. A minor worker is depicted in AntWeb.org under CASENT0179869 and a major worker under CASENT0179870.
Biology. See Seifert (2018).
Comments. C. atricolorhas been raised to species level by Seifert (1996) and Seifert (2007)but this view did not receive much appreciation by other myrmecologists. It is apparent that C. atricolor, C. piceusand C. candiotesare closely related but only the latter two represent truly cryptic species. The exploratory data analyses NC-part. hclust, NC-part.kmeans and NC-Ward provide a clear separation of C. atricolorfrom the cluster of siblings formed by C. piceusand C. candiotes. Considering CS and all 12 RAV-corrected shape and seta characters, the error rate on the K = 2 level ( atricolorvs. piceus + candiotes) in 124 examined samples is 0% in NC-part.hclust, 2.4 % in NC-part.kmeans and 0 % in NC-Ward ( Fig. 12). The three samples misclassified by NC-part.kmeans were rectified by the controlling LDA if run as wild-cards. The mean error rate of the three exploratory data analyses of 0.8% is clearly below the 4 % threshold recommended by the Pragmatic Species Concept ( Seifert 2014). Thus we have a strong justification for the species status of C. atricolor(for the relations between C. candiotesand C. piceussee there). This clear result on the nest sample level is confirmed by analyses on individual level. The classification error by a LDA considering the five blackish species given in Tab. 3is only 1.3 % in 77 workerindividuals of C. atricolorand 0.8 % in 357 individuals of all five species. The corresponding errors in a leave-one-out cross-validation LDA are 1.3 % and 1.4 % respectively.
4598568431
[174,759,1947,1969]
1999-06-05
Austria
47.96
16.778
16
23
4598568397
[809,1395,226,249]
Austria
47.961
16.991
16
23
4598568453
1909-06-26
Austria
48.062
16.292
16
23
4598568505
Austria
48.08
16.733
16
23
4598568533
1978-08-01
Bulgaria
42.351
27.707
16
23
4598568445
2003-09-30
Bulgaria
42.451
27.469
16
23
4598568383
2006-07-30
Bulgaria
42.45
27.65
16
23
4598568413
[998,1395,389,412]
1982-08-28
Bulgaria
41.524
23.401
16
23
4598568391
[809,1203,417,439]
1982-08-30
Bulgaria
41.529
23.393
16
23
4598568350
1982-09-01
Bulgaria
41.524
23.401
16
23
4598568323
1974-06-20
Bulgaria
16
23
4598568541
[860,1272,471,494]
1974-07-20
Bulgaria
16
23
4598568492
1982-09-18
Bulgaria
42.302
27.728
16
23
4598568529
1982-08-26
Bulgaria
41.567
23.449
16
23
4598568464
Bulgaria
16
23
4598568542
1982-09-20
Bulgaria
42.411
27.694
16
23
4598568427
Bulgaria
16
23
4598568312
[918,1302,607,630]
1989-07-14
Bulgaria
16
23
4598568415
Bulgaria
16
23
4598568460
2008-05-10
Czech Republic
48.966
16.751
16
23
4598568466
1985-07-21
Georgia
16
23
4598568504
1985-07-25
Georgia
16
23
4598568369
Greece
16
23
4598568301
[855,1395,743,766]
2009-09-03
Greece
40.517
23.733
16
23
4598568428
Macedonia
16
23
4598568545
[887,1316,797,820]
Macedonia
16
23
4598568311
2012-08-28
Macedonia
40.264
22.596
16
23
4598568367
Hungary
46.893
17.523
16
23
4598568384
Hungary
47.565
19.092
16
23
4598568408
1909-06-10
Romania
16
23
4598568347
Russia
16
23
4598568544
Ukraine
45.279
35.523
16
23
4598568473
Ukraine
16
23