Survey of the fruits and endocarps of Icacinaceae (Lamiids, Icacinales)
Rio, Cédric Del
Stull, Gregory W.
Franceschi, Dario De
European Journal of Taxonomy
2020
2020-05-14
645
1
130
E. Mey. ex Arn.
Arn.
[586,1002,1641,1668]
Magnoliopsida
Icacinaceae
Apodytes
Plantae
Icacinales
108
109
Tracheophyta
species
dimidiata
Material examined Specimen used for endocarp and fruit description MADAGASCAR• 1997; R. Ranaivojaonaet al.114; P[ MNHN-P-P05279728]. Other material MADAGASCAR• 1992; S.T. Malcomberet al. 1212; P[ MNHN-P-P00379386]• 1933; H. Perrier de la Bâthie19254; P[ MNHN-P-P00440680]• 2009; M.Y. Ammann, M.C. Madiomanana& A.J. Tahinarivo MYA495; P[ MNHN-P-P05279690]. KENYA• 2000; G. Simon, L. Festo& G. Massawe527; P[ MNHN-P-P04499342].
Description FRUIT. Black when dry, laterally compressed and elongate dorsally. Ventrally truncate, with a fleshy appendage (red but black in dry condition) attached at the truncate part. Epicarp glabrous, shriveled when dry, revealing the underlying endocarp ridges. Mesocarp ca 80–100 µmthick when dry. Calyx persistent. Length ca 6 mm, width ca 10 mm, thickness ca 3 mm. ENDOCARP. Brown, bilaterally symmetrical, unilocular, single-seeded, globose-truncate in lateral view, length ca 5.5 mm, width ca 7.6 mm. Outer surface of the endocarp ridged with rounded diffuse and thin ridges, with ca 10 lateral ridges. Vasculature of the endocarp free; primary vascular bundle positioned outside the endocarp wall. Endocarp wall 177–266 µmthick (excluding ridges). A sclerotic mass, ca 1.3 mmthick, is developed from the wall in the truncate part of the endocarp. Endocarp wall with sclerotic cells, with two cell layers: outermost layer with 4–7 rows of anticlinally oriented cells, cells 29–86 µmin length; innermost layer with one row of periclinally oriented cells, cells 13.0– 16.5 µmin width, lining the locule surface, forming ripples (the cells have a triangular shape).
Remarks The sclerotic mass in the truncate part could be a mechanical reinforcement due to the connection of this part with the fleshy appendage.
2620302488
[189,1128,1826,1854]
P
R. Ranaivojaona
Madagascar
MADAGASCAR
108
109
MNHN-P-P05279728
1
2620302357
[189,1118,1928,1956]
P
S. T. Malcomber
Madagascar
MADAGASCAR
108
109
MNHN-P-P00379386
1
2620302326
P
H. Perrier de la Bathie
108
109
MNHN-P-P00440680
1
2620302356
P
M. Y. Ammann & M. C. Madiomanana & A. J. Tahinarivo
108
109
MYA495, MNHN-P-P05279690
1
2620302368
[189,1158,267,294]
P
G. Simon & L. Festo & G. Massawe
Kenya
KENYA
109
110
MNHN-P-P04499342
1