Conus grahami longilineus Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980: 85 Conus melissae Tenorio, Afonso & Rolán, 2008: 8 Africonus cagarralensis Cossignani, 2014: 21 . Africonus nelsonandradoi Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015a: 18 Africonus minimus Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015b: 3 Conus longilineus Monteiro et al. 2004: 55 Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation Tenorio, Manuel J. Abalde, Samuel Pardos-Blas, José R. Zardoya, Rafael European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-06-10 663 663 1 89 65F8Z (Rockel, Rolan & Monteiro, 1980) Rockel, Rolan & Monteiro 1980 [455,1132,1772,1799] Gastropoda Conidae Africonus Animalia Neogastropoda 34 35 Mollusca species longilineus   Fig. 4M      Conus grahami longilineus Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980: 85, figs 56–57.     Conus melissae Tenorio, Afonso & Rolán, 2008: 8, pl. 3     Africonus cagarralensisCossignani, 2014: 21.     Africonus nelsonandradoi Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015a: 18. syn. nov.     Africonus minimus Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015b: 3. syn. nov.    Conus longilineus–  Monteiro et al.2004: 55, pl. 124, figs 4–7.    Material examined   Holotype   CABO VERDE• 16.8 mm; Sal Island;  0.8–2 mdepth; NMSF.  Other material   CABO VERDE• 1 spec.; Sal Island, Serra Negra; 16º38ʹ17ʺ N, 22º53ʹ56ʺ W;  5 Apr. 2014; MNCNexped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491572; MNCN 15.05/79739•  1 spec., 21.7 mm; same collection data as for preceding; MNCN 15.05/79738( Fig. 4M)•  1 spec.; Sal Island, Pedra Lume; 16º45ʹ44ʺ N, 22º53ʹ2ʺ W;  7 Apr. 2014; MNCNexped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491579; MNCN 15.05/79804•  1 spec.; Sal Island, Baía da Parda; 16º45ʹ7ʺ N, 22º53ʹ56ʺ W;  6 Apr. 2014; MNCNexped.; GenBank mitochondrion, partial genome: MF491577; MNCN 15.05/79779•  1 spec., 14.0 mm, holotypeof  Africonus nelsonandradoi; Sal Island, area of Calhetinha;  0.3–3 mdepth; MMM•  1 spec., 7.2 mm, holotypeof  Africonus minimus; Sal Island, Praia do Monte Grande and Ponta do Linguincho; MMM.    Geographical distribution East coast, SalIsland, Cabo VerdeArchipelago.    Conservation status in IUCN Red List Least concern.    Remarks This taxon was initially introduced as a subspecies of  A. grahami. Despite superficial resemblance in shell morphology,  A. longilineusis a separate species endemic to SalIsland, only distantly related to  A. grahami. Although the typelocality for  A. longilineuswas not specifically mentioned in the original description, its distribution range was stated to be along the east coast of SalIsland, with another population in the north of the island. Several representative specimens of recently named taxa described from the east coast of SalIsland exhibit mitogenome sequences almost identical to that of  A. longilineus, and are therefore considered synonyms (forms) of this species. The species  A. nelsonandradoiwas compared in the original description to the very variable  A. cagarralensis, which is a synonym (form) of  A. longilineus( Abalde et al.2017a). We propose to consider that  A. nelsonandradoirepresents merely a northern population of the latter. On the other hand,  A. minimuslikely is a juvenile of  A. longilineus. Besides, the name  Africonus minimus Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2015bmost likely is invalid under ICZN articles 57.3 and 59.1, as it is a junior secondary homonym of  Conus minimus Linnaeus, 1758,  Conus minimusHwass in Bruguière, 1792and  Conus minimusd’Archiac, 1843. 2634681413 [189,921,480,507] NMSF Cape Verde 1 Sal Island 35 36 1 Sal Island holotype 2634681359 2014-04-05 MNCN Island & Serra Negra Cape Verde 16.638056 Serra Negra 21 -22.89889 35 36 MNCN 15.05/79739 1 Sal Island 2634681447 2014-04-05 MNCN Island & Serra Negra Cape Verde 16.638056 Fig. 21 -22.89889 35 36 MNCN 15.05/79738 1 Sal 2634681369 2014-04-07 MNCN Island & Pedra Lume Cape Verde 16.762222 Pedra Lume 21 -22.883888 35 36 MNCN 15.05/79804 1 Sal Island 2634681416 2014-04-06 MNCN Island Cape Verde 16.751944 Baia da Parda 21 -22.89889 Baia da Parda 35 36 MNCN 15.05/79779 1 Sal Island 2634681390 MMM Cape Verde 2 Calhetinha Island 35 36 1 Sal Island holotype 2634681362 MMM Cape Verde Island Praia do Monte Grande and Ponta do Linguincho Monte Grande 35 36 1 Sal Island holotype